Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare hereditary dermatosis that begins in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life. The skin lesion is characterized by a localized, recurrent eruption of small vesicles on an erythematous base. It courses remissions and exacerbations. It seldom begins in early childhood, and main treatment modalities are conservative ones. We report a case of Hailey-Hailey disease that began on a 7-month old infant and improved by surgical treatment. In according to review of the previous reports, it is probably the earliest onset age and it is may be the first case which was treated with surgery in Korea.
Age of Onset ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Skin ; Skin Diseases

Radiological demonstration of lymph vessels and lymph nodes may be achieved only by direct lymphography, whichis perfomred by injecting contrast material directly into the lymph vessels. lymph nodes, or occasionally intolymph cysts. Clinical lymphography is performed essentially according to the direct technique of Kinmonth(1952 &1954). Lymphography has become a routine procedure in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Thoroughassessment of the extent of carcinoma of the uterine cervix is necessary to the intellignet management of anypatient with uterine carcinoma. This presentation is to outline the technique of lymphangio-adenography(lymphography), lymphographic finding and diagnostic criteria of the cervical carcinoma, and evaluation of theaccuracy of lymphographic diagnosis in cervical carcinoma. A retrospective reivew of the lymphograms of 145patients with carcinoma of the uterine cercix was undertaken. All lymphograms were performed at Kang Nam St.Mary's and St. Mary's Hospitals, Catholic Medical College form 1975 to 1982. Of thse patients 87 were got radicalhysterectomy and lymphographic diagnosis was compared with tissue pathology of the nodes removed, and determinedthe diagnostic accuracy of lymphography. Lymphography can make a significant contribution in the pretreatmentassessment of patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Strict adherence to rigid criteria will yieldexcellent pathologic correlation in the event of a positive radiographic diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma. Once apositive diagnosis is made, it should influence the management of the cancer patients. The results were as follow;1. The accuracy of lymphography in diagnosing lymph node metastasis of carcinoma of the uterine cervix was 85.1%,82.4% in sensitivity and 86.8% in specificity. 2. Metastic lymph nodes were moderately to markedly enlarged andirregular in shape and shown motheaten marginal filling defects in 92.7%. Theses ranged from 3mm to 20mm in thegreatest diameter. 3. Metastatic lymph nodes showed a tendency to get increased in size, inproportion to the sizeof marginal filling defect. 4. The size of filling defect of metastatic lymph nodes was not correlated to theclinical stage of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 5. Lymph node metastasis was confirmed in 6 patients of 10patients who were got lymphography in 2 to 5 years after radical hysterectomy. 6. Many collateral lymphatics andlymphatic cysts were found out in the lymphography after radical hysterectomy in carcioma of the uterine cerix.
Cervix Uteri ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphography ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Neurilemmomas are benign tumors of the nerve sheaths. They are usually painless and are most common in the upper extremities. Pathologically, neurilemmoma is encapsulated and made up of organized element: the Antoni A cells, the Antoni B cells and the Verocay bodies. According to Stout, neurilemmomas never become malignant. Two cases of neurilemmoma of tibial nerve and One case of neurilemmoma of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve are presented with a review of the literature. Tumors were enucleated and confirmed by pathological examination.
B-Lymphocytes ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; Neurilemmoma ; Tibial Nerve ; Upper Extremity

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the factors related to the treatment outcome for substance abuse inpatients. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 97 patients who were discharged from the substance abuse treatment unit in Seoul National Mental Hospital. We then had follow-up telephone interview with 53 family memebers and/or patients of 97 patients. RESULTS: 1) Among 97 discharged patients, 59 patients were dropped out, 38 patients graduated successfully from the treatment program. The dropout group had shorter treatment period, were more often admitted involuntarily, had greater incidence of violence history and violated ward rules more often(p<.05). The main reasons for dropout were violation of rules(45.3%), escape during outdoor activities(3.7%), and refusal of return to the hospital(15.2%). 2) At the follow-up interview, 32 patients were abstaining from substances whereas 21 patients resumed use. The abuser group and more previous psychiatric admissions, more comorbid psychiatric disorders, and higher percentage of history of suicide attempts than the abstaining group(p<.05). 3) After the discharge from the hospital, 45% of patients showed to discontinue substance. Treatment graduates were more in recovery from substance abuse. The abstaining group had a higher percentage of employment than the abuser group(p<.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment outcome was more likely to be related with co-existing psychiatric problems such as previous psychiatric admission, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and history of suicide attempts. Therefore it is suggested that careful evaluation and appropriate treatment for such factors are needed for better treatment outcome. And psychiatric interview to enhance the motivation of patients is needed for completion of treatment.
Adult* ; Disulfiram ; Employment ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Interviews as Topic ; Medical Records ; Motivation ; Patient Dropouts ; Seoul ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Suicide ; Treatment Outcome* ; United Nations ; Violence

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between a variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism at the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a continuous performance test (CPT). METHODS: This study included 72 ADHD children (mean age=9.39+/-2.05 years) who were recruited from one child psychiatric clinic. The omission errors, commission errors, reaction time and reaction standardization in the CPT were computed. The number of 48-base pairs tandem repeats in the exon III of DRD4 was analyzed in a blind manner. RESULTS: The homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele at DRD4 was significantly associated with fewer commission errors (t=2.364, df=28.685, p=0.025) and standard deviation of reaction time (t=2.351, df=24.648, p=0.027) even after adjusting for age. The results of analyses of CPT measured values among three groups showed that the group with higher frequency of the 4-repeat allele showed a lower mean score of commission errors (F=4.268, df=2, p=0.018). CONCLUSION: These results suggest a protective role of 4-repeat allele of the DRD4 polymorphisms on commission errors in the CPT in children with ADHD.
Alleles ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Child ; Dopamine ; Exons ; Humans ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Reaction Time ; Receptors, Dopamine D4 ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the relationship between alcohol use and stress. METHODS: The study subjects were 1,261 people who drink among the 2,565 people who lived in Gangneung. We investigated the sociodemographic characteristics, Short Form-12 (SF-12), Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). RESULTS: In Problem drinking group the GARS was significantly positively associated with the AUDIT (p=0.02). In Social drinking group sex (p<0.001) and age (p=0.02) is significantly associated with the AUDIT. CONCLUSION: This study showed the significantly positively association between stress and alcohol use. We think that the intervention and active management of the stress can prevent the alcohol problem.
Drinking ; Gangwon-do

Apocrine gland carcinoma is a rare form of sweat gland neoplasm with a distinctive cytologic appearance. Their occurrence has been reported mainly in the axilla and breast area. The authors describe a 51-year-old man with an apocrine gland carcinoma in the right axilla area. Physical exam revealed a 2.0 X 2.5 cm sized strawberry-like mass and histologic sections showed multiple cribriform pattern tumor nodules throughout the dermis. The periodic acid-Schiffs(PAS) diastase stain revealed positively staining granules in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells and stains for lysozyme and GCDFP-15(Gross Cystic Disease Fluid Protein-15) were also positive.
Amylases ; Apocrine Glands* ; Axilla ; Breast ; Coloring Agents ; Cytoplasm ; Dermis ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muramidase ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is the new therapeutic technique. This procedure stands on the cutting edge of minimal invasive surgery that accesses the abdominal cavity through a natural orifice under the endoscopic image. There have been many animal experiments, and clinical trials of NOTES. We performed a transgastric endoscopic cholecystectomy of a pig using conventional endoscopic instruments through a natural orifice and the assistance of a 5mm laparoscopic trocar.
Abdominal Cavity ; Animal Experimentation ; Cholecystectomy

Nasal dermoid cysts are rare neoplasms, which are diagnosed frequently in childhood. These lesions are derived from both ectoderm and mesoderm, and have keratinizing epithelium with skin appendages. A fistula, pit, or mass is the common clinical presentation. The diagnosis is primarily based on the medical history, physical examination, clinical symptoms, and radiologic findings. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. A 15-year-old boy presented with a fistula on the nasal vestibule, which existed from birth. Fistulography revealed a contrast-filling fistulous tract and cyst in the caudal portion of the nasal septum. The lesion was removed surgically and pathology confirmed the diagnosis of dermoid cyst. We report, with a review of the literature, a rare case of dermoid cyst that occurred from the nasal septum.
Adolescent ; Dermoid Cyst ; Ectoderm ; Epithelium ; Fistula ; Humans ; Keratins ; Mesoderm ; Nasal Septum ; Parturition ; Physical Examination ; Skin

CV(bDAT) cell line, expressing dopamine transporter stably, has been established by transfection of CV-1 cells with bovine dopamine transporter cDNA. Using CV(bDAT) cells, the effects of various antipsychotic drugs on dopamine uptake were investigated. All of antipsychotic drugs tested, inhibited the [3>H]dopamine uptake into CV(bDAT) cells with IC50s in the low to mid micromolar, implying that antipsychotic drugs may produce overflow of dopamine in the synaptic cleft of dopaminergic neuron.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Cell Line ; DNA, Complementary ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins* ; Dopamine* ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Transfection