OBJECTIVE: The study of 467 cases of amniocentesis have been done at the department of Genetics, Taegu Cheil Hospital from Oct. 1997 to May 1999 for the purpose of analysis of abnormal karyotype according to the indication and age distribution, METHODS: We collected amniotic fluid using 22G spinal needle and measured amniotic alphafetoprotein and acetylcholine esterase in supematant and performed cytogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Positive Down screeing(positive triple test) was the most common indication of amniocentesis (61.5%) and abnormal karyotypes were 24 cases(5.1%) in 467 cases. Among 24 abnormal cases, 10 cases(2.1%) of 21 trisomy were observed. Abnormal karyotypes were most common in the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the gmup of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old, which consists of 25% and 7.7% respectively. CONCLUSION: More attention for the abnormal karyotype should be paid to the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the group of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old as well as above 35 years old.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Acetylcholine ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Daegu ; Female ; Genetics ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Maternal Age ; Needles ; Trisomy ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To describe the radiological differences between tuberculous(TBB) and non-tuberculous bronchiectasis(NTBB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs(n=62), bronchograms(n=18), and CT scans(n=52) of 37 patients with TBB and 25 patients with NTBB were reviewed retrospectively. Diagnostic basis for TBB were positive sputum AFB with or without history of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy(n=35), and radiological findings of pulmonary tuberculosis (n=2). Four of NTBB had a history of severe respiratory tract infection in childhood. RESULTS: Air-fluid levels on chest radiographs were seen in 2% of TBB, and 20% of NTBB. On bronchograms, all patients with TBB had combined focal bronchostenosis, whereas patients with NTBB had tubular(50%), cystic(17%), or mixed(33%) pattern of dilatation without stenosis. On CT scans, focal emphysema was seen in 86% of the patients with TBB, and 38% of the patients with NTBB. Peribronchiolar infiltration were seen in 78% and 44% of patients with TBB and NTBB, retrospectively. CONCLUSION: Basic radiological difference between TBB and NTBB was that the former had coexistent sten.
Bronchiectasis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

No abstract available.
Arthritis* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Transforming Growth Factors*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital*

With the recent development of information and communication technology, social interest in virtual reality (VR) is increasing rapidly. VR technology is expanding into applications such as games, movies, entertainment, healthcare, education/media, manufacturing, and construction. In the healthcare, VR is used for surgical training, medical education, rehabilitation medicine, pain control, and treatment for psychiatric disorder, but the market size of VR in healthcare is not big compared to VR application in other industries. However, as the demand for high-quality medical care increases and the training time of the resident physicians is reduced, the demand for VR in the healthcare is expected to increase rapidly. Especially, the nose and paranasal sinus are composed of complicated osseous structures, which makes it difficult to understand the exact anatomy and requires highly skilled techniques to perform accurate and safe surgery. For this reason, nose and sinus are a suitable field to apply VR technology. In this review article, we describe the overview of VR technology used in healthcare, the status and prospects of VR in endoscopic sinus surgery and facial plastic surgery.
Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Education, Medical ; Motion Pictures as Topic ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Plastics* ; Rehabilitation ; Simulation Training ; Surgery, Plastic

Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis(PPV) was first described in 1947 as a distinctive association of vascular and pigmentary nevi by Ota et al. Hasegawa et al subclassified the disorder into eight types and type I a is characterized by the coexistence of nevus flammeus and nevus pigmentosus et verrucous, which is not associated with systemic organ involvement. PPV type I a is relatively rare and a case with multiple pyogenic granulomas developed in pregnancy, is not reported yet. We present a case of PPV type I a with multiple pyogenic granulomas developed in pregnancy within nevus flammeus in a 29-year-old female.
Adult ; Female ; Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Humans ; Neurocutaneous Syndromes* ; Nevus ; Port-Wine Stain ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: Sebaceous epithelioma which developed on the conjunctiva is a very rare benign skin and adnexal tumor. No case has been reported in the Republic of Korea. We report a case of sebaceous epithelioma on the lower palpebral conjunctiva. METHODS: A 69 year old man had visited with asymptomatic mass on lower palpebral conjunctiva. The mass was resected and biopsied for histological examination. RESULTS: Sebaceous epithelioma was diagnosed by histological examination.
Aged ; Carcinoma ; Conjunctiva ; Humans ; Republic of Korea ; Skin

No abstract available.
Pancreatic Pseudocyst*

Conjunctival tuberculosis, a very rare disease, is thought to be a relatively rare cause of ocular diseases. This is because of a decreased incidence of tuberculosis as well as lessened emphasis on its diagnosis. We have experienced a 19-years old female who had a injection and hypertrophic granulomatous inflammation, on the left lower palpebral conjunctiva. We performed excisional biopsy under the clinical diagnosis of the chronic conjunctivitis and confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of conjunctival tuberculosis. So, the literature of the conjunctival tuberculosis was briefly reviewed with clinical history.
Biopsy ; Conjunctiva ; Conjunctivitis ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculosis* ; Young Adult

Heterotopic pregnancy, simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy, is an extremely rare case. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy was about 1 to 30,000 pregnancies, but it has increased after wider use of assisted reproductive technology. The rising incidence presents a serious problem as the diagnosis of this potentially fatal condition is often missed. Careful pelvic examination combined with serial beta-hCG determinations, and transvaginal sonography to evaluate the adnexal region are necessary prerequisites for early diagnosis. We report a case of heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET) with a brief review of literature.
Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gynecological Examination ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted