No abstract available.
Ossicular Prosthesis*

No abstract available.
Dacryocystorhinostomy*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

No abstract available.
Dust* ; Mastoid*

No abstract available.
Dust* ; Mastoid*

BACKGROUND: Skin contact with metalworking fluid(MWF) remains a frequent cause of occupational dermatitis. However, no precise data is available about sensitization in metalworkers exposed to MWF in Korea. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of contact sensitivity among metalwokers who handle MWFs and to investigate the suitability of a screening test with MWFs being actually used in metalworkers. METHODS: An epidemiological study was performed using a'questionnaire in 771 workers in 9 derpartments of a motor company. 278 out of 771 workers had actual contact with MWF. Patch tests were performed in 73 metalworkers who had suspected dermatits in relation to exposure of MWF, which was selected via interviews and dermatologic examinations. Patch tests were included with a routine series of common components of MWF(materials obtained from Chemotechnique, Sweden), a solvent series and several dilutions of various crude MWFs(8 species) RESULTS: Contact sensitization was established in 14 metalworkers(5% of 278). Sensitising substances were biocide(6 cases), corrosion inhibitors(2 cases), emulsifiers(2 cases), biostatic substances(1 cses) and others(4 cases). Therefore 10 out of 14 metalworkers had true occupational allergic contact dermatitis. 10 out of 73 screening patch tests showed positive reactions to MWF elements, and 9 people who were positive to MWF elements showed positive reactions to crude MWF, but 1 person did not. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of occupational allergic contact dermatitis(3.5% of 278) was low. The screening patch test by crude MWFs actually used in metalworkers may give false negatives. Therefore for the purpose of diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, we need a process of patch tests with MWF elements.
Corrosion ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Patch Tests ; Prevalence ; Skin ; Skin Diseases*

The estrogen receptor (ER) is present in a wide variety of mammalian tissues and is required for the physiological responses of estrogen, including estrogen-induced tissue-specific changes in gene expression. But most of our knowledge on the regulation of ER mRNA levels comes from in vivo steroid replacement experiments or cancer cell lines that express the ER. Thus the present study was attempted to determine 1) the anterior pituitary ER mRNA levels during rat estrous cycle 2) if estradiol itself directly modulates the ER mRNA levels in cultured rat anterior pituitary using RT-PCR method. In rats with 4 day estrous cycle, the ER mRNA levels in anterior pituitary gland reached to maximum at proestrus 11:00h just before serum estradiol concentration showed the highest. From then, the ER mRNA levels gradually declined during the rest of the proestrus. On the other hands, in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells, the ER mRNA levels were significantly decreased by the treatment of estradiol. These results indicate that the surge of estradiol was proceeded by the increase in pituitary ER mRNA levels during the proestrus and in cultured anterior pituitary cells, estrogen might be involved in the down-regulation of the ER mRNA levels.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Estrous Cycle ; Gene Expression ; Hand ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior* ; Proestrus ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger*

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: To directly examine the function of the endothelial cell(EC) and smooth muscle cell in umbilical arteries acquired from preeclampsia patients between June 1998 to November 1999, using a conventional tension measurement and bioassay experiment. RESULTS: Relaxation responses to EC-dependent relaxing agents including bradykinin and A23187 in human umbilical artery rings were significantly decreased in preeclampsia(p<0.01). Relaxation responses to EC-independent agents(SNP and SNAP) were also inhibited in umbilical artery rings acquired from preeclampsia patients(p<0.01). To test the change of endothelial cell function in preeclampsia without involvement of smooth muscle dysfunction, we used human umbilical artery and rabbit femoral artery as a donor and detector, respectively, in bioassay experiment. Relaxation responses to EC-dependent agents(A23187 and bradykinin) showed similar results to conventional tension measurement (p<0.01). Relaxation responses to 8-bromo-cGMP in human umbilical artery rings were also significantly decreased in preeclampsia(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that increased vascular resistance in preeclampsia is not only due to the disturbance of endothelial function, but also to smooth muscle dysfunction.
Biological Assay ; Bradykinin ; Calcimycin ; Endothelial Cells ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Relaxation* ; Tissue Donors ; Umbilical Arteries* ; Vascular Resistance

Bronchogenic cyst is a congenital anomaly of the embryolgic foregut. A bronchogenic cyst is thought to arise from developing lung bud structure in the 7th week of gestation. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is developed from isolated lung parenchyme during cell migration. Sometimes the fistula is formed between cyst and epidermis. Histologically, fistula tract is lined with sebaceous gland, which is the evidence of embryologic anomaly of cyst. The most common extrapulmonary location of bronchogenic cyst is mediastinum. Subcutaneous location is uncommon. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is commonly located in suprasternal notch followed by the presternal area, neck and scapula. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is predominantly found in male and the ratio is four to one. Clinically the cutaneous presentation vary from nodular swelling, sinus tract ostium to papillomatous lesion. The differential diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst include branchial cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, cutaneous ciliated cyst and mature cystic teratoma. The diagnosis of subcutanoeus cyst is entirely dependent on the histologic feature. Bronchogenic cyst is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columar epithelium of respiratory origin. Underlying wall is surrounded by the smooth muscle, cartilage and seromucinous gland. This report is on a subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst in a 5-years-old male without fistula tract. The cyst is 5 x 4 x 3 cm in size and histolgically shows the typical feature of bronchogenic cyst.
Branchioma ; Bronchogenic Cyst* ; Cartilage ; Cell Movement ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epidermis ; Epithelium ; Fistula ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Pregnancy ; Scapula ; Sebaceous Glands ; Teratoma ; Thyroglossal Cyst

This study was carried out in order to estimate the residual amount of mercury in soy-bean sprouts in each steps of cooking. Samples were taken at markets and also cultured at home without applying the mercury containing pesticides as control. Mercury was determined by dithizone method. It was disclosed that soy-bean sprouts purchased at markets contained 1.32+/-0.274 ppm, 13 times as high as the maximal allowable concentration of mercury in food recommended by Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Mercury contents, however, dropped off steadily by steps of cooking: rinsed with distilled water and boiled in distilled water showing concentrations of 0.11+/-0.025 ppm in boiled sprouts and 0.03+/-0.022 ppm in sprout-soup. These values were not statistically different from those in control samples, and not exceeded the maximal allowabled levels of mercury in food. It can be concluded that the use of mercury containing pesticides in the cultivation of soy-bean sprouts is not so serious problem as it has been suspected in respect of food contamination, but careful attention must be paid to indiscriminate use of mercury containing pesticides as they may contaminate air, water and soil and secondarily bring harm to human health through food chains.
Cooking* ; Dithizone ; Food Chain ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Pesticides ; Soil ; Water