No abstract available.
Ossicular Prosthesis*

No abstract available.
Dacryocystorhinostomy*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

No abstract available.
Dust* ; Mastoid*

No abstract available.
Dust* ; Mastoid*

BACKGROUND: Skin contact with metalworking fluid(MWF) remains a frequent cause of occupational dermatitis. However, no precise data is available about sensitization in metalworkers exposed to MWF in Korea. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of contact sensitivity among metalwokers who handle MWFs and to investigate the suitability of a screening test with MWFs being actually used in metalworkers. METHODS: An epidemiological study was performed using a'questionnaire in 771 workers in 9 derpartments of a motor company. 278 out of 771 workers had actual contact with MWF. Patch tests were performed in 73 metalworkers who had suspected dermatits in relation to exposure of MWF, which was selected via interviews and dermatologic examinations. Patch tests were included with a routine series of common components of MWF(materials obtained from Chemotechnique, Sweden), a solvent series and several dilutions of various crude MWFs(8 species) RESULTS: Contact sensitization was established in 14 metalworkers(5% of 278). Sensitising substances were biocide(6 cases), corrosion inhibitors(2 cases), emulsifiers(2 cases), biostatic substances(1 cses) and others(4 cases). Therefore 10 out of 14 metalworkers had true occupational allergic contact dermatitis. 10 out of 73 screening patch tests showed positive reactions to MWF elements, and 9 people who were positive to MWF elements showed positive reactions to crude MWF, but 1 person did not. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of occupational allergic contact dermatitis(3.5% of 278) was low. The screening patch test by crude MWFs actually used in metalworkers may give false negatives. Therefore for the purpose of diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, we need a process of patch tests with MWF elements.
Corrosion ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Patch Tests ; Prevalence ; Skin ; Skin Diseases*

The estrogen receptor (ER) is present in a wide variety of mammalian tissues and is required for the physiological responses of estrogen, including estrogen-induced tissue-specific changes in gene expression. But most of our knowledge on the regulation of ER mRNA levels comes from in vivo steroid replacement experiments or cancer cell lines that express the ER. Thus the present study was attempted to determine 1) the anterior pituitary ER mRNA levels during rat estrous cycle 2) if estradiol itself directly modulates the ER mRNA levels in cultured rat anterior pituitary using RT-PCR method. In rats with 4 day estrous cycle, the ER mRNA levels in anterior pituitary gland reached to maximum at proestrus 11:00h just before serum estradiol concentration showed the highest. From then, the ER mRNA levels gradually declined during the rest of the proestrus. On the other hands, in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells, the ER mRNA levels were significantly decreased by the treatment of estradiol. These results indicate that the surge of estradiol was proceeded by the increase in pituitary ER mRNA levels during the proestrus and in cultured anterior pituitary cells, estrogen might be involved in the down-regulation of the ER mRNA levels.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Estrous Cycle ; Gene Expression ; Hand ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior* ; Proestrus ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger*

This study was conducted to examine the species differences in the urinary excretion of trichloroethanol(TCE-OH) and trichloroacetic acid(TCA) of trichloroethylene(TCE) metabolites and the effect of ethanol on these metabolites in mice and rats. TCE administered to Male Sprague Dawley rats and ICR mice as a single oral dose(100, 200, 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg body weight) and ethanol(3.0 g/kg body weight) was taken orally 12 hours before TCE administration. The metabolites in urine were measured 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after TCE administration. The results of metabolite excretion were as follows; Total trichlorocompounds(TTC) in urine increased with TCE dose in mice while increased only below dose of 1,000 mg/kg TCE in rats. The net excretion of TCE metabolites was significantly greater in mice than rats, although the proportion of TCE-OH to TCA was not different between mice and rats. These findings indicate that mice were internally exposed to significantly higher concentration of TCE metabolites than rats and this trend appeared to be more prominent with the increase of TCE dose. Ethanol increased significantly TCE-OH in urine of rats while the increase of TCE-OH induced by ethanol was not significant in mice, and didn't increase TCA of urine in both of rats and mice. This result suggests that the effect of ethanol on TCE metabolism may be due to the increase of TCE-OH.
Animals ; Ethanol* ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolism ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Trichloroethylene*

The brain computerized tomography, an epoch-making diagnostic procedure has caused a revolutionary change in the neurosurgical field;the correct localization of small space occupying lesion wherever it is in the brain without pain and harm to the patients. The brain CT findings of 3035 patients which were examined in this hospital during past 29 months from Oct. 1981 to March 1984 were analysed and the literature review was made. The results of analysis are as follows: 37.1% of total 3035 cases were observed abnormal, including 29% of head injured patients, 42.4% of non-trauma cases, 57.6% of emergency cases and 15.2% of non-emergency cases. 2) The rates of abnormal findings were proportional to the degree of consciousness disturbance in the head injured patients and severity of the neurological deficits in the other neurosurgical patients. 3) The follow up studies were performed for 287 patients among 1127 patients having abnormal findings in the first check and we found the improving process of various lesion and the resolving process of hematoma after operation. The follow up studies were performed for 138 patients having normal findings in the first check and 26% of these cases were observed abnormal, including 21.5% of head injured cases and 55% of the non-trauma cases. 4) 94% of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage showed bleedings chiefly in the basal cistern.
Brain* ; Consciousness ; Emergencies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Bronchogenic cyst is a congenital anomaly of the embryolgic foregut. A bronchogenic cyst is thought to arise from developing lung bud structure in the 7th week of gestation. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is developed from isolated lung parenchyme during cell migration. Sometimes the fistula is formed between cyst and epidermis. Histologically, fistula tract is lined with sebaceous gland, which is the evidence of embryologic anomaly of cyst. The most common extrapulmonary location of bronchogenic cyst is mediastinum. Subcutaneous location is uncommon. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is commonly located in suprasternal notch followed by the presternal area, neck and scapula. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst is predominantly found in male and the ratio is four to one. Clinically the cutaneous presentation vary from nodular swelling, sinus tract ostium to papillomatous lesion. The differential diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst include branchial cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, cutaneous ciliated cyst and mature cystic teratoma. The diagnosis of subcutanoeus cyst is entirely dependent on the histologic feature. Bronchogenic cyst is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columar epithelium of respiratory origin. Underlying wall is surrounded by the smooth muscle, cartilage and seromucinous gland. This report is on a subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst in a 5-years-old male without fistula tract. The cyst is 5 x 4 x 3 cm in size and histolgically shows the typical feature of bronchogenic cyst.
Branchioma ; Bronchogenic Cyst* ; Cartilage ; Cell Movement ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epidermis ; Epithelium ; Fistula ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Pregnancy ; Scapula ; Sebaceous Glands ; Teratoma ; Thyroglossal Cyst