No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus*

No abstract available.

The robust identification and comprehensive profiling of copy number alterations (CNAs) is highly challenging. The amount of data obtained from high-throughput technologies such as array-based comparative genomic hybridization is often too large and it is required to develop a comprehensive and versatile tool for the detection and visualization of CNAs in a genome-wide scale. With this respective, we introduce a software framework, CGHscape that was originally developed to explore the CNAs for the study of copy number variation (CNV) or tumor biology. As a standalone program, CGHscape can be easily installed and run in Microsoft Windows platform. With a user-friendly interface, CGHscape provides a method for data smoothing to cope with the intrinsic noise of array data and CNA detection based on SW-ARRAY algorithm. The analysis results can be demonstrated as log2 plots for individual chromosomes or genomic distribution of identified CNAs. With extended applicability, CGHscape can be used for the initial screening and visualization of CNAs facilitating the cataloguing and characterizing chromosomal alterations of a cohort of samples.
Biology ; Coat Protein Complex I ; Cohort Studies ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Mass Screening ; Noise ; Phosphatidylethanolamines

Some cases of renal malignancy associated with adult (autosomal dominant) polycystic kidney disease have been reported. Most of these malignancies were diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma. But the case of transitional cell carcinoma has not been reported. We report a case of renal pelvic and urethral transitional cell carcinoma associated with adult polycystic kidney.
Adult* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant*

No abstract available.

Radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis is an intractable and dangerous condition. We describe a 59-year-old female patient with radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis. The patient underwent postoperative radiation therapy with a dose of 54 Gy in 30 fractions after a radical operation for a Klatskin tumor. Radiation volume included the gastric antrum. Approximately three months after radiation therapy, she was admitted for melena and anemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed an area of bleeding in the gastric antrum that was so diffuse that effective laser coagulation was not feasible. After failure of various treatments and transfusion of 7,040 mL of packed red blood cells, we successfully stopped the hemorrhage using oral prednisolone treatment. Based on this case, we think that oral prednisolone treatment can be tried as a first treatment for potentially life-threatening radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis.
Anemia ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Gastritis* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Klatskin's Tumor ; Laser Coagulation ; Melena ; Middle Aged ; Prednisolone* ; Pyloric Antrum

The association of Graves' disease and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) is a rather rare, but well documented condition, and has also been reported a few times in Korea. At present, two main hypothetical mechanisms are used to explain the association of the two diseases; the presence of autoimmunity, which leads to both diseases, and activation of the reticuloendothelial system by thyroid hormone. A 33 year old female patient visited our hospital with mucosal bleeding and purpura over her entire body of 3 days duration. Her initial platelet count was 2x109/L, and the thyroid function tests showed a suppressed TSH level of 0.09 mU/L(0.4~3.1) and elevated levels of triiodothyronine and free thyroxine. The levels of anti-thyroglobulin Ab anti-TPO Ab, and anti-TSH receptor Ab were also elevated. The clinical, laboratory and bone marrow findings were compatible with Graves' disease associated with ITP. She was treated with methylprednisolone and propylthiouracil, after which her platelet count increased and thyroid function normalized. We report a case of Graves' disease associated with ITP, which was treated well by glucocorticoid and antithyroid medications
Adult ; Autoimmunity ; Bone Marrow ; Female ; Graves Disease* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Methylprednisolone ; Mononuclear Phagocyte System ; Platelet Count ; Propylthiouracil ; Purpura ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic* ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine

Gastric cancer is not only one of the most common cancers in the world but also one of the most important malignant tumors in terms of incidence in Korea. In spite of it's clinical significance, the mechanism of malignant transformation in the stomach has not yet been well characterized. Recent studies disclosed enormous data suggesting that the p53 protein and the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene have a critical role in the tumorogenesis of gastric cancer. More recently, the expression of the p53 protein has been associated with increased proliferative activity, but serves as a poor prognostic indicator in the case of patients for whom aggressive adjuvant therapy is required. Amplification of the c-erbB-2 oncogene has also been reported in gastric cancer. In the case of breast cancer, it has been demonstrated that no close correlation exists between the c-erbB-2 expression and the prognosis. However, no reports describe the relation between c-erbB-2 expression, p53 expression, PCNA expression and the prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. So this study was done to evaluate the expression of the p53 and c-erbB-2 and to assess the prognostic value in patients eith gastric cancer. The results are as follows: 1) The overall expression rates for p53 and c-erbB-2 were 38% and 20%, respectively. 2) There was no close relation between the expression rate of p53 and the tumor size, the Borrmann type, the nodal involvement, distant metastasis, Ming's classification, or Lauren's classification. The expression rate of p53 was closely related the tumor stage. 3) The expression rate of p53 in tumors which expressed PCNA was higher than that in tumors which did not express PCNA (p<0.05). 4) The expression rate of c-erbB-2 in large tumors(>5 cm) was higher than that in small tumors(<5 cm)(p<0.05). 5) The overall cumulative 5-year survival rate in the positive expression group for p53 was lower than that in the negative group, but the difference was not statistically significant(p>0.05). 6) The overall cumulative 5-year survival rate in the positive expression group for c-erbB-2 was lower than that in the negative group and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that p53 expression can not used as a prognostic factor for gastric cancer, but c-erbB-2 may be such a prognostic factor.
Breast Neoplasms ; Classification ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogenes ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Receptor, erbB-2* ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVE: It is widely known that the menopausal complication in the surgical menopause is to proceed rather than that of natural menopause. But, it has not obviously been proven so far. In this study, we surveyed whether BMD between surgical and natural menopausal group, in terms of decrease of the BMD of the menopausal complication would have a difference. METHOD: By using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, we compared 2nd-4th Lumbar spine BMD in 28 of surgical menopause with that of 187 of natural menopause. RESULT: There is no obvious distinction in FSH and estradiol concentration between two groups. Surgical and natural menopausal groups showed the BMD -1.046+/-0.175 g/cm2, -0.942+/-0.124 g/cm2, respectively. Also, there is no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Although there is no statistical significance in the BMD of the surgical menopausal group was lower than that of the natural menopausal group. Prevention of the menopausal complication as well as decrease of the BMD in the surgical menopausal group needs to be required more active attitude.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density* ; Estradiol ; Female ; Humans ; Menopause ; Spine