No abstract available.
Aortic Coarctation*

Takayasu's arteritis is an arterial inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which most commonly affects the aorta and its large branches, and the pulmonary artery. This pathological condition which is prevalent in. Asian females results in occlusive changes in the lamina, often combined with dilation and secondary thrombus formation. It is associated with four main complications, which is Takayasu's retinopathy. secondary hypertension, aortic regurgitation and aortic or arterial aneurysms. The authors have experienced a case of Takayasu's arteritis (25 years old female) with severe retinopathy, complicated cataract. cyanotic engorged conjunctival vessels and new vessels as a collateral circulation in both eyes.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cataract ; Collateral Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pulmonary Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis* ; Thrombosis

The growing popularity of trampolines in Korea has resulted in a significant increase in the number of injuries associated with their use. However, little research has been conducted into trampoline-related injuries in Asian countries, including Korea and the incidence and characteristics of trampoline-related injuries have rarely been reported. In a review of the very few studies on these injuries in Korea, the mean age at injury was younger than has been reported in previous studies from other countries, and 46% of patients experienced fracture. Most injuries (82%) occurred in commercial facilities. In Korea, the safety management of trampolines is insufficient. Hence, safety guidelines for the use of trampolines should be recommended by relevant medical professionals.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Safety Management ; Wounds and Injuries

The growing popularity of trampolines in Korea has resulted in a significant increase in the number of injuries associated with their use. However, little research has been conducted into trampoline-related injuries in Asian countries, including Korea and the incidence and characteristics of trampoline-related injuries have rarely been reported. In a review of the very few studies on these injuries in Korea, the mean age at injury was younger than has been reported in previous studies from other countries, and 46% of patients experienced fracture. Most injuries (82%) occurred in commercial facilities. In Korea, the safety management of trampolines is insufficient. Hence, safety guidelines for the use of trampolines should be recommended by relevant medical professionals.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [18F]FDG PET in the diagnosis of recurrent head and neck cancer after the completion of surgery and radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In fifty-nine patients with head and neck cancers, whole body [18F]FDG PET studies were performed. According to the different therapeutic modalities, patients were divided into four groups (Group I; pre-treatment, Group II; surgery, Group III; radiotherapy, Group IV; both surgery and radiotherapy). [18F]FDG PET images were compared with clinical, CT and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: For detection of metastatic lymph nodes in 14 patients of pre-treatment group (group I), the sensitivity and specificity of PET were 100% (10/10) and 75% (3/4), and those of CT were 80% (8/10) and 100% (4/4). For detection of recurrence in 45 patients of post-treatment group, overall sensitivity and specificity of PET were 96.2% (25/26) and 78.9% (15/19) [(100% and 75% in group II, 80% and 50% in group III, and 100% and 100% in group IV)] without significant difference from pre-treatment group (p>0.1). In detecting recurrence, the sensitivity and specificity of [18F]FDG PET were 90.9% (10/11) and 20% (1/5) in 16 patients who underwent [18F]FDG PET within 2 months after the completion of treatment. The specificity of these patients was significantly lower than that of 29 patients (100% of sensitivity and specificity) who underwent [18F]FDG PET 2 months after treatment (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: [18F]FDG PET is an accurate diagnostic modality for the detection of recurrence in head and neck cancer. Post-therapy [18F]FDG PET should be obtained at least 2 months after the completion of surgery or radiotherapy.
Diagnosis ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Head* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck* ; Radiotherapy* ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Pathophysiological conditions such as sepsis and hepatitis are frequently associated with cholestasis. Cholestasis in patients with sepsis has been attributed to the effects of endotoxin(lipopholysaccharides, LPS) and LPS-induced cytokines(TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1, etc.). LPS and cytokines reduced bile acid uptake in cultured hepatocyte. Perfusion of LPS decrease the bile flow in the isolated liver. Bile flow is increased by intravenous infusion of secretin, but it's effect remains unclear in sepsis. The aim, of this study is to elucidate the effect of LPS on the bile flow and bile composition and to test the effect of secretin on the bile flow. The animals used in this study were Korean wild cats. Under the general anesthesia, the incision was made on the midline. Common bile duct was cannulated with polyethylene tube after cholecystectomy. Bile was collected every five minutes and its volume was measured. E. coli LPS(1 mg/kg), secretin(0.1mg/kg) and H3-taurocholic acid(0.2uCi/kg) were infused via mesenteric vein. Bile was collected every 5 minutes, and the volume and its composition were analyzed. Radio-activity of the bile was quantified by Packard 1600 TR liquid scintillation analyzer. LPS of E.coli (1mg/kg) had a little effect on the blood pressure. LPS decreased the bile flow by 37% compared with the control group. Maximal impairment of the bile secretion appeared 15 minites after LPS infusion, and then secreted stablely thereafter. Secretin increased the bile flow in the normal control group. It, however, did not make any change in the bile flow after LPS infusion. LPS also reduced H3-taurocholate secretion(maximum 56%), and peak level was delayed about 10 minites compared with control group. In the composition of the bile, LPS decreased the secretion of bile acids significantly compared with the control group. Conclusively, LPS decreased the bile flow and the bile acid secretion. Secretin did not stimulate the bile flow in the LPS group. It also reduced the bile acids secretion compared with the control group. These findings will contribute to the understanding and treatment of the cholestasis and impairment of the liver function of sepsis. The findings, of reduced bile acids secretion in the LPS group may explain the pathogenesis of intrahepatic gallstone partly.
Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Bile* ; Blood Pressure ; Cats* ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholestasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Cytokines ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Gallstones ; Hepatitis ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-6 ; Liver ; Mesenteric Veins ; Perfusion ; Polyethylene ; Secretin ; Sepsis

Bleeding that recur or continues after hospital admission for an acutely bleeding peptic ulcer is the single most important factor adversely affecting prognosis. The endoscopic findings of stigmata of recent hemorrhage such as active bleeding, a visible vessel or fresh blood clots in peptic ulcer indicate relatively high rebleeding risk. 30 patients with stigmata of recent hemorrhage in bleeding peptic ulcers were treated by endoscopic alcohol injection therapy during the 3-year period from August 1989 to July 1992. 30 cases included 24 gastric ulcers, 4 duodenal ulcers, and 2 stomal ulcers. 8 of these were actively bleeding at the time of endoscopy and non-bleeding visible vessels were identified in 15 patients and fresh blood clots were present in 7. 12 of total 30 cases had rebleeding or continuous bleeding. 3 of 8 with active bleeding, 5 of 15 with non-bleeding bisible vessels, and 4 of 7 with fresh blood clots had rebleeding. Emergency operations were done in 4 cases. There was no complication such as perforation and mortality. We think that this modality of endoscopic hemostasis is safe and simple, but further randomized controlled trials will be needed to evaluate the efficacy of hemostasis by endoscopic alcohol injection therapy.
Christianity ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Emergencies ; Endoscopy ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemostasis ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Humans ; Mortality ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Prognosis ; Stomach Ulcer ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: Although a brachial plexus block can be used to provide anesthesia and analgesia for upper extremity surgery, its effects using MgSO4 on postoperative pain management have not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate brachial plexus block using MgSO4 on postoperative analgesia. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients who were scheduled to undergo upper extremity surgery were randomly allocated into two groups: patients receiving axillary brachial plexus block with 0.2% ropivacaine 20 ml and normal saline 2 ml (group S) or 0.2% ropivacaine 20 ml and MgSO4 200 mg (group M). Before extubation, the blocks were done and patient controlled analgesia was started, and then, the patients were transported to a postanesthetic care unit. The postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS), opioid consumption, and side effects were recorded. RESULTS: The two groups were similar regarding the demographic variables and the duration of the surgery. No differences in VAS scores were observed between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in opioid consumption between the two groups. Nausea was observed in three patients for each group. CONCLUSIONS: Axillary brachial plexus block using MgSO4 did not reduce the level of postoperative pain and opioid consumption.
Amides ; Analgesia ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Anesthesia and Analgesia ; Brachial Plexus ; Humans ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Angiotensins* ; Cough* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A* ; Reflex*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hirschsprung Disease* ; Manometry*