Acute mobile thrombus of the abdominal aorta after chemotherapy is a very unusual finding, which can be a potential source of arterial embolism. We report here on a case of an acute mobile aortic thrombus with renal infarction. We successfully treated the patient with hybrid operation-open surgical and endovascular approach. Our case shows that hybrid treatment using wire-directed balloon catheter thrombectomy is a feasible, minimally-invasive treatment for a mobile aortic thrombus.
Angioplasty ; Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Catheters ; Chimera ; Embolism ; Humans ; Infarction ; Thrombectomy ; Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Electrophoresis* ; Genes, ras* ; Humans* ; Point Mutation* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

No abstract available.
Diverticulum*

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

Objectives: The high co-payment of dental care service providers reduces access to dental care and exacerbates health inequality among different social classes. Dental care services are affected by several socioeconomic factors including those related to the household, regional factors surrounding individuals, and individual factors. In this study, we identified household and regional factors that affect unmet dental care needs, after appropriately adjusting for individual-level and provided suggestions for improving the future coverage of dental and oral health care services. Methods: Using the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey data, 101,718 middle-aged (40-64 years old) and 72,807 elderly (65 years and older) individuals were analyzed to identify the unmet needs of dental care services by age group. To identify factors affecting unmet dental care needs by age group, a multilevel analysis of the overall rate (T1) was conducted with three dependent variables: (a)availability, (b)economic accessibility, and (c) acceptability. Results: The unmet need for dental care service rate (T1) was 15.43% for middle-aged individuals, 14.73% overall, and 13.00% for the elderly. The results of the multi-level analysis indicated that at the household level, the number of household members aged 19 years and above had an effect on the overall (T1) total unmet needs of dental care services and economic accessibility for the middleaged group. At the regional level, economic accessibility influenced the degree of financial independence and the number of dental hospitals and clinics per population. Conclusions In order to reduce the unmet needs of dental care services, it is necessary to comprehensively consider not only individual-level factors but also household-level factors and regionallevel factors according to age.

Objectives: The high co-payment of dental care service providers reduces access to dental care and exacerbates health inequality among different social classes. Dental care services are affected by several socioeconomic factors including those related to the household, regional factors surrounding individuals, and individual factors. In this study, we identified household and regional factors that affect unmet dental care needs, after appropriately adjusting for individual-level and provided suggestions for improving the future coverage of dental and oral health care services. Methods: Using the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey data, 101,718 middle-aged (40-64 years old) and 72,807 elderly (65 years and older) individuals were analyzed to identify the unmet needs of dental care services by age group. To identify factors affecting unmet dental care needs by age group, a multilevel analysis of the overall rate (T1) was conducted with three dependent variables: (a)availability, (b)economic accessibility, and (c) acceptability. Results: The unmet need for dental care service rate (T1) was 15.43% for middle-aged individuals, 14.73% overall, and 13.00% for the elderly. The results of the multi-level analysis indicated that at the household level, the number of household members aged 19 years and above had an effect on the overall (T1) total unmet needs of dental care services and economic accessibility for the middleaged group. At the regional level, economic accessibility influenced the degree of financial independence and the number of dental hospitals and clinics per population. Conclusions In order to reduce the unmet needs of dental care services, it is necessary to comprehensively consider not only individual-level factors but also household-level factors and regionallevel factors according to age.

Background and Objectives: Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control have been substantially improved in the last decades worldwide, but hypertension management in younger adults is still challenged. We analyzed a nationally representative sample of Korea to investigate factors affecting hypertension management among the young Korean population. Methods: Among 8,024 young adults aged 30–49 years from the 2014–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1,103 participants with hypertension were analyzed to identify factors associated with hypertension management status. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted separately by sex. Results: Young adults with hypertension showed a low rate of awareness (35.8%), treatment (30.9%), and control (23.0%). The older age (40–49 years), obese (body mass index ≥25.0 kg/ m 2 ), having diabetes mellitus (DM), and having past-history of cardiovascular disease were positively associated with awareness, and taking health examination in the past 2 years were positively associated with both treatment and control of hypertension among male. Young females who were older (40–49 years), rural residents, unemployed, not taking sodium over the recommended amount, having dyslipidemia, and having DM showed a higher likelihood of awareness. Young females who have not experienced unmet medical needs in the past year were more likely to be treated or controlled with hypertension. Conclusions The factors associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control were different by sex and age group. Enhancing attention on hypertension among young hypertension and encouraging them to visit clinics would be key strategies to improve hypertension management among the young hypertensive population.

Objectives: Korea’s National Health Insurance (NHI) coverage rate for dental services is 16.0%, far lower than the 33.0% average of OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and development) countries. In 2013, the government implemented a policy to pay for dental scaling service for adults over the age of 20. Then in 2017, the eligibility criteria was expanded to adults aged 19 or older the eligibility age was lowered expanded to 19 or older. Methods: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the policy by comparing the number of times per person the dental scaling service was used before and after the implementation of the new applicants group compared to the existing application/applicants group. The analysis was conducted among patients aged 19 and 20 who visited the hospital with gingivitis and periodontal disease and who used the dental scaling service more than once per year as a preventive measure, using the customized database of the NHIC (National Health Insurance Corporation). As of July 1, 2017 when the dental scaling service was implemented by the National Health Insurance Service, the period was set as “before enforcement” (January 2016 to June 2017) and “after enforcement” (July 2017 to December 2018). To evaluate the policy effectiveness of expandingthe ages of individuals eligible for the dental scaling service, Difference-in-Differences (DiD) analysis was conducted to examine the number of times per person the service was used, changes in personal contributions, and policy effectiveness. Results: Since the National Health Insurance policy to pay for dental scaling services, both the applicants group and the sustainable application group have increased the rate of inspection of preventive dental scaling services (19.82%→30.91%, 29.68%→31.18%). As a result of determining the pure effect of the NHI’s policy of covering the dental scaling service, it was found that the the number of times the dental scaling service was used per person increased significantly in the new application group (0.03 times, <.0001). Conclusions However, it was found that the cost of the dental scaling service per person while the cost of the dental scaling decreased was shown to decrease, it was not statistical significant. Therefore, additional policy support such as lowering the personal financial burden is needed for those who are unable to afford the service.

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to study the way of thinking and satisfaction level of North Korean defectors in South Korea on various topics and their relationship with each other. METHODS: Direct interview was performed for 553 North Korean defectors in South Korea. 44 items of life satisfaction were rated. Satisfaction level was rated on a 5 point scale (1-unsatisfactory and 5-fully satisfied). Factor analysis and correlation of the factors were performed. RESULTS: The average level of satisfaction was 3.39. Relatively high satisfaction items were adjustment of their children, family life, and residence area. But relatively low satisfaction items were psychological and mental area, leisure, and income. In governmental support systems, medical support was the most satisfactorily rated item, but financial support for settlement and support for employment or job training were the most dissatisfied. In the factor analysis, 44 items of satisfaction were grouped into 13 factors. The correlation of these factors showed that general satisfaction is significantly correlated with satisfaction with housing, economic status, governmental support and lower degree of confusion on the sense of value. Confusion on the sense of value was high when defectors do not have close friends, have difficulties in understanding South Korean people, and are not satisfied with their economic status. Religion did not have significant correlation with the their sense of value. And self and social consciousness of the defectors were strongly correlated with the their employment status. CONCLUSION: This result showed that the satisfaction of North Korean defectors is correlated not only with material aspects, but also psychological and mental aspects. The results of study should be considered in helping defector to adjust to living in South Korea.
Child ; Consciousness ; Employment ; Financial Support ; Friends ; Housing ; Humans ; Korea* ; Leisure Activities ; Thinking*

No abstract available.
Amyloidosis*