Although the usefulness of mammography as a screening test for breast cancer is still indispute, its use topatients over 50 years of age is valid. Since Wolfe first classified the breast parenchymal patterns of mammography into 4 patterns, many authors have adopted the criteria in studying the changes of the parenchymalpatterns for certain ages and the risks for breast cancer of certain parenchymal patterns. Authors reviewed 49cases of breast masses which diagnosed by mammography and by operation during the period from January 1978 to July 1983 at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College. The parenchymal tissue patterns were classifed according toWolfe into NI, P1, P2 and DY. Risk groups were classified into low risk group (N1, P1) and high group(P2, DY). Onthe basis of these criteria, benign and malignant disease were analyzed against the breast parenchymal patterns.The results and conclusions were as follows: 1. Age ranged from 16 years to 67 years with the most prevalent agebeing 4th and 5th decades. 2. Diagnoses were; fibroadenoma 17 cases, fibrous dysplasia 16 cases, ductal papilloma3 cases, and cancer 13 cases. 3. Categorization of those 26 bening disease according to the Wolfe's criteria was:N1 6 cases, P1 10 cases, P2 9 cases and DY 11 cases. On the other hand, categorization of 13 cases of cancerwas:N1 5 cases, P1 3 cases, P2 3 cases, and DY 2 cases. 4. Of 13 cases of cancer, 8 fell in the low risk group andremainder in the high risk group. There were no significant correlation between the parenchymal patterns and theincidence of breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Diagnosis ; Fibroadenoma ; Hand ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Wolves

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma*

Although rare spontaneous regression of either primary or metastatic malignant tumor in the absence of inadequate therapy has been well documented. Since the earliest day of this century various malignant tumors havebeen reported to spontaneously disappear or to be arrested of their growth, but the cases of hepatocarcinoma has been very rare. From the literature, we were able to find out 5 previously reported cases of hepatocarcinoma which showed spontaneous regression at the primary site. Recently we have seen a case of multiple pulmonary metastaticnodules of hepatocarcinoma which completely regressed spontaneously and this forms the basis of the present casereport. The patient was 55-year-old male admitted to St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College because of ahard palpable mass in the epigastrium on April 26, 1978. The adimssion PA chest roentgenogram revealed multiplesmall nodular densities scattered throughout both lung field especially in lower zones and toward the peripheralportion . A hepatoscintigram revealed a large cold area involving the left lobe and inermediate zone of the liver. Alfa-fetoprotein and hepatitis B serum antigen test were positive whereas many other standard liver function teststurned out to be negative. A needle biopsy of the tumor revealed well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient was put under chemotherapy which consisted of 5 FU 500 mg intravenously for 6 days form April 28 to May 3,1978. The patient was discharged after this single course of 5 FU treatment and was on a herb medicine, the nature and quantity of which obscure. No other specific treatment was given. The second admission took place on Dec. 3, 1980 because of irregularity in bowel habits and dyspepsia. A follow up PA chest roentgenogram obtained on the second admission revealed disappearance of previously noted multiple pulmonary nodular lesions. Follow up liverscan revealed persistence of the cold area in the left lobe with slight decreased in size. The patient was discharged again without any specific prescription after confirming negative resuls of various clinical studies including upper GI series and colon study. At the time of finishing this paper the patient is doing well without apparent medical problems.
Biopsy, Needle ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Colon ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspepsia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prescriptions ; Thorax

Accurate staging as well as diagnosis of cervix carcinoma is of paramount importance in planning treatment. Cervical smear cytologic studies have increased the detection rate of cervix carcinoma, but current radiologictechniques are limited in staging cervix carcinoma and precise visualization of lymphnodal metastasis. The CT scancan display the precise transaxial anatomical structures, permitting us not only to know the tumor size, shape andits extent but also lymphnodal enlargement in the pelvic cavity and around the abdominal aorta and secondarychanges of the kidney. The authors have tested the usefulness of CT in staging cervix carcinoma and detectinglymphatic involvement by analysis of 24 cases diagnosed by CT and confirmed histologically at St. Mary's hospitalduring the period from Oct. 1982 to May 1984. The conclusions are as follows; 1. The accuracy of CT instaging ofcervix carcinoma was 79%. 2. The accuracy of CT diagnosis of lymphatic involvement was 87.5%, sesitivity was85.7%, and speicificity was 88.2%.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Cervix Uteri ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Kidney ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Vaginal Smears

We anlized CT of 29 cases of various orbital disease in pediatric age group. Diagnoses were confirmed byeither operation or direct ophthalmoscopy. The patients were examined during the period of last 3 years. Theresults were as follows: 1. Of 29 cases, 21 were male and 8 were female, and the age ranged from 20 days to 15years. 2. Intraorbital tumors were 13 cases consisting of 7 retinoblastoma, 3 pseudotumor, and 1 each ofcongenital teratoma, cavernous lymphanngioma, and optic glioma, Of remaining 16 cases, 6 had orbital fracture, 5persistent hyperplastic primary viterous(PHPV), 3 vitreous opacity, and 2 primary glaucoma. 3. The CT findings ofthe retinoblastoma were a lobulated or oval soft tissue mass denisty (40-60HU) extending into the vitreous wtihoutsignificant enhancement on postcontrast scan. Of 7 cases, 4 had calcifications within the tumors. The extraglobalextension of the tumor was shown in 2 patients demonstrating markedly thickened sclera with enhancement anddilated optic nerve. 4. There were 5 patients with PHPV having a history of white pupil since birth, and all wereaffected unilateraly. Four patients had vitreous opacity and 3 of those showed either linear or branchingtree-like densities within the vitreous on the postcontrast scan. Another one had a lobulated increased densityprotruding into the vitreous which was difficult to differenciate from the similar finding of retinoblastoma.Remaining one case demonstrated a deformed and decreased density in the lesional lens without chaneg in thedensity of the vitreous. This was confirmed to be caused by persistence of the embryonic hyaloid artery attachedto the posterior capsule of the lens. 5. There were 3 patients with vitreous opacity and 2 of them were due toretinal detachment and 1 was caused by retrolental fibroplasia. The CT findings of retinal detachement werehomogenous or heterogenous opacities in the vitreous. In a case of retrolental fibroplasia, irregular, band-likedensity was seen along the posterior wall of the globe bilaterally. 6. Two cases of primary glaucoma showed largeglobe with a widened anterior chamber. 7. Among 6 cases of orbital fractures, 5 were blow-out fracture. Theblow-out fractures showed fractures of the medial orbital wall or orbital floor with herniated intraorbitalcontents into the neighboring ethmoid or maxillary sinus.
Anterior Chamber ; Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Glioma ; Orbit ; Orbital Diseases ; Orbital Fractures ; Parturition ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; Pupil ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinoblastoma ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Sclera ; Teratoma

We have detailed our experiences on 6 cases of neonatal lethal short- limbed dwarfism and reviewed thearticles. They include, achondrogenesis, thanatophoric dysplasia, asphsiating thoracic dysplasia, osteogenesisimperfecta congenita, and hypophosphatasia lethalis. Five babies were born alive but died soon after birth and onewas a stillbirth. The main cause of failure to thrive was respiratory insufficiency. Each case was having quitecharacteristic radiologic findings, even if the genearl appearances were similar to the achondroplasts clinically.Precise diagnosis is very important for genetic counselling of the parents and alarm to them the possibility ofbone dysplasias to the next offsprings. For this purpose, the radiologists play major role for the correctdiagnosis. We stress that when the baby is born with short-limbed dwarfism, whole body radiogram should be takenincluding lateral view and postmortem radiogram is also very precious.
Diagnosis ; Dwarfism ; Extremities ; Failure to Thrive ; Humans ; Hypophosphatasia ; Parents ; Parturition ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Stillbirth ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia

CT scan is widely used in the evaluation of hepatobiliary system and contrast study is generally performedwith non-biliary contrast media. Therefore the normal intrahepatic bile ducts are not readily visible and alsoextrahepatic bile ducts are occasinally not discriminated from adjacent structures, in spite of improvedresolution of the CT scanner. This study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of cholangiographic enhancementin biliary CT examination. In the control group (n=5), we measured the CT number of the peripheral hepatic duct,perioportal duct, common bile duct and gall bladder, respectively, at the interval of 30 minutes upto 2 hoursafter intervenous infusion of biliscopin(30ml) and observed time-denstiy relationship of infused biliscopin in thebiliary system. In the patient group (n=23), we observed visualization rate of the bilary system and serumbilirubin level at 30 minutes after infusion of biliscopin(30ml). The results were as follows: 1. The peak densityoccurred at 30 minutes after infusion of biliscopin. 2. Visualization rate was 100% in normal bilirubin groupwhereas it was 91.7% in abnormal bilirubin group. 3. The cholangiographic enhancement of biliary CT scan is usefulin the evaluation of intra-and extraheptaic biliary system.
Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Bilirubin ; Common Bile Duct ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinary Bladder

Follow-up sonographic studies of three infants, whose initial sonograms showed findings suggestive of choledochal cyst, demonstrated disappearance of cystic dilatation of the common bile ducts. The phenomena could be accounted for by acute common bile duct obstruction secondary to bile sludge. Bile plug syndrome should also be included in the differencial diagnosis. When a cystic or fusiform dilatation of the common bile duct is seen on sonogram. Conservative management must be the choice of approach unless the finding is proven to unchanged over a period of time and irreversible.
Bile ; Choledochal Cyst ; Common Bile Duct* ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant* ; Sewage ; Ultrasonography

The cranial CT is a new radiological technique with which, for the first time, minimal differences anattenuation by intracranial soft tissue can be measured exactly. Th basic physical principles of CT have beenextensively presented by Hounsfield (1973). It is well established that the attenuation of extravasated blood measures between 35 and 45 houns field units. Therefore no difficulty should be encoutered in the recognition anddiagnosis of extra-axial hematoma and cerebral contusion since the density of the brain parenchyma never measures more than 25 units. As the constant increase in high velocity accidents and violence, the problem of acute headinjury is one of the matters of great importance in today's medical practice. Therfore it is very important to figure out the method that would allow us to diagnose easily and precisely the effects of trauma upon the brain inorder to institute the proper treatment at the earliest possible moment . CT allows us to make a diagnosis quickly and in a non-invasive manner. The CT scan was carried out on 310 head trauma cases in the department of radiology, St. Mary's and Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, for 16 months from June 1979 to Oct. 1980.All the scans were obtained with the Hitachi CT-H2 scanner and the scans were repeated following intravenous injection of high dose of contrast media(roughly 1.8cc per kg body weight of 60% Conray). We have reviewed the CTscans of 310 patients got acute head injury in order to assess the location of brain lesions, the relationshipbetween the CT scans of 310 patients got acute head injury in order to assess the location of brain lesions, the relationship between the CT densities of hematomas and their stage, the shape mass effect of the extra-axialhematomas, and the effect of contrast enhancement. The resuls were as follows; 1. Of all 310 cases of the headinjuries, epidural hematoma was 13.5%, subdural hematoma was 8.7%, subdural hygroma was 10%, cerebral contusion was 39%. hydrocephalus and atrophy was 3.9% and negative finding was 24.9%. 2. The extra-axial hematoma waslocated on the right side in 49.3% and the left side in 39.1% and bilaterally in 11.6%. Therfore unilateral lesion was much more than bilateral one. 3. The extra-axial hematoma was getting decreased in density as time gone by. 4. The shape of epidural hematoma was biconvex in 88.1% and planoconvex in 11.9%. 5. The shape of subdural hematoma was crescent in 88.9% and biconvex in 11.9% in chronic stage. 6. The mass effect of extra-axial hematoma was getting slowly decreased as time gone by. 7. The extra-axial hematoma was enhanced by the contrast media in allacute, subacute and chronic stages as well as in the cerebral contusion, but there was a tedency that the contrast enhancement of hematoma was getting increased as time gone by.
Atrophy ; Body Weight ; Brain ; Contrast Media ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Injections, Intravenous ; Methods ; Subdural Effusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Violence

No abstract available.