It had heen emphasized the necessity for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examinations in patients. Who has had gastrectomy and presents persisting gastrointestinal symptoms. This study was conducted to evaluate endoscopic findings and clinical symptoms in patients following gastrectomy. (continue...)
Gastrectomy* ; Humans

For many years, NO2 has been regarded as one of the elements among indoor air pollutants of urban homes, leading to increased public concerns on this gas. For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data for the evaluation and control of health effect relevant to NO2 levels, authors measured the indoor (kitchen, living room, bedroom) and outdoor NO2 levels categorized by the type of house(apartment, detached dwelling) and cooking fuel(L.P.G., briquette) in the winter and summer, and surveyed the variables(kitchen ventilation, family size, parental smoking) may effect the indoor NO2 levels. The level of NO2 was measured by Palmes tube, and this survey was carried out at 110 homes in the Pusan area from October 1984 to September 1985. The obtained results were as follows: 1) The mean indoor and outdoor NO2 level in winter and summer, respectively, was 0.029+/-0.012 ppm and 0.022+/-0.012 ppm in the kitchen, 0.022+/-0.009 ppm and 0.018+/-0.010 ppm in the living room, 0.017+/-0.008 ppm and 0.016+/-0.010 ppm in the bed room, and 0.021+/-0.007 ppm and 0.016+/-0.007 ppm outdoors. 2) In the category of the type of house and cooking fuel, the highest mean indoor and outdoor NO2 level in the winter was in apartments using briquettes, and in the summer, the highest level was in apartments using L.P.G. 3) In the category of the type of house, the mean indoor and outdoor NO2 level in the winter and summer was higher in the apartment group compared to detached dwelling. 4) In the category of the type of cooking fuel, the mean indoor and outdoor NO2 level in the winter was higher in the briquette group, and in the summer, the L.P.G. group was higher. 5) In the category of the kitchen ventilation, family size, parental smoking and asthma attack history of children, there was an insignificant difference in the indoor NO2 levels.
Air Pollutants ; Asthma ; Busan ; Child ; Cooking ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Parents ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: he patients with atrial septal defect generally have no symptoms in the childhood, and have nonspecific symptoms such as dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and palpitation even in the late period of adult. Thus delayed diagnosis for whom surgical correction was undoubtedly needed remains to be resolved. Accordingly, the simple and noninvasive method such as electrocardiography in patients with atrial septal defect having the nonspecific symptoms or having no symptoms warrants to be developed. This study was performed to see whether the crochetage pattern on R wave in inferior limb leads is effective for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of atrial septal defect and relates to the magnitude of left to right shunt. METHODS: Our subjects were 129 patients diagnosed as the atrial septal defect by the echocardiography and cardiac catheterization from January 1992 to June 1998. We selected 57 persons, as control group, who showed the normal findings under the echocardiography and also showed the incomplete right bundle branch block on the electrocardiography. We compared the frequency of the crochetage pattern in inferior limb leads between the two groups. Also we compared the frequency of the crochetage pattern before operation and after operation according to the quantity of the left to right shunt in the operated 40 patients with atrial septal defect. RESULTS: ) The crochetage pattern was observed in 61.2% in patients with atrial septal defect and its frequency was greater than that of the control group (38.6%, p=0.005). 2) The crochetage pattern was disappeared by the operation in 16/29 patients (55.2%, p=0.001). 3) The frequency of disappearance of the crochetage pattern after operation differed significantly according to shunt severity: 72.2% for a Qp/Qs> or =3.0 group, 18.2% for a Qp/Qs<3.0 group (p=0.015). CONCLUSION: The crochetage pattern on R wave in inferior limb leads was helpful to the electrocardiographic diagnosis of the atrial septal defect. The disappearance of the crochetage pattern after operation was correlated with shunt severity.
Adult ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography* ; Extremities* ; Fatigue ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: In patients with mitral stenosis, the degree of pulmonary hypertension is expected to be related to the severity of mitral valve obstruction. However, some patients with severe mitral stenosis do not develop reactive pulmonary hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 34 patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis undergoing percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty by clinical, echocardiographic, and invasive hemodynamic(cardiac cathrterization) data. Prevalvuloplasty data were available in 34 subjects[mean age 38+/-9 year ; women 74% ; NYHA class 1 (6 patients), class 2 (17 patients), class 3 (7 patients), class 4 (4 patients) ; in electrocardiography, NSR(23 patients), Atrial fibrillation(11 patients)]. RESULTS: 1) The pulmonary vascular bed gradient was significantly correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance(r=0.91), mean pulmonary artery pressure(r=0.82), transmitral mean pressure gradient(r=0.64) and mitral valve area(r=-0.48). The pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly correlated with mena pulmonary artery pressure(r=0.77), transmiral mean pressure gradient(r=0.61) and mitral valve area(r=-0.54), NYHA functional classification(r=0.36). However, the pulmonary vascular bed gradient and pulmonary vascular resistance was not significantly correlated with age, sex, cardiac output, the severity of mitral regurgitation and mean left atrial pressure. 2) The mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly correlated with mean left atrial pressure(r=0.80), transmitral mean pressure gradient(r=0.72) and mitral valve area(r=-0.47). 3) When patients were divided into those with a pulmonary vascular bed gradient > 12mmHg and Atrial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

The esophageal electrocardiogram is of increasing significance in the study and diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia and of posterior myocardial disease. We used both bipolar and unipolar esophageal recording leads and standard electrocardiogram equipment, and compared the effectiveness of esophageal electrocardiogram with co nventional electrocardiogram. The effectiveness of esophageal electrocardiogram were as follows: 1) Differentiation of sinus, atrial, junctional, or ventricular rhythm. 2) Differentiation of origin of premature beats. 3) Differentiation of atrial flutter and fibrillation. 4) Detection of retrograde atrial conduction of extraventricular systole. 5) Detection of electrical alternance of QRS amplitude. 6) Diagnosis of posterior myocardial infarction. The results reported here indicate that the esophageal electrocardiogrm seems to be a valid method in the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias without invasiveness.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Flutter ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Cardiomyopathies ; Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Systole

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious pathogen in cats and widely distributed worldwide with high genetic variation. Full-length open reading frame 2 of 5 from recently isolated Korean FCV isolates were sequenced and compared with those of global isolates. The results of phylogenetic analysis supported dividing global FCV isolates into two genogroups (type I and II) and demonstrated the presence of genogroup II in Korea, indicating their geographic spread in East Asia. High sequence variations in region E of the FCV isolates emphasizes that a novel vaccine needs to be developed to induce protective immunity against various FCV strains.

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious pathogen in cats and widely distributed worldwide with high genetic variation. Full-length open reading frame 2 of 5 from recently isolated Korean FCV isolates were sequenced and compared with those of global isolates. The results of phylogenetic analysis supported dividing global FCV isolates into two genogroups (type I and II) and demonstrated the presence of genogroup II in Korea, indicating their geographic spread in East Asia. High sequence variations in region E of the FCV isolates emphasizes that a novel vaccine needs to be developed to induce protective immunity against various FCV strains.

Statistical experimental methods were used to optimize the medium for mass production of a novel laccase3 (Lac3) by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae TYEGLAC3-1. The basic medium was composed of glucose, casamino acids, yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (YNB w/o AA), tryptophan, and adenine. A one-factor-at-a-time approach followed by the fractional factorial design identified galactose, glutamic acid, and ammonium sulfate, as significant carbon, nitrogen, and mineral sources, respectively. The steepest ascent method and response surface methodology (RSM) determined that the optimal medium was (g/L): galactose, 19.16; glutamic acid, 5.0; and YNB w/o AA, 10.46. In this medium, the Lac3 activity (277.04 mU/mL) was 13.5 times higher than that of the basic medium (20.50 mU/mL). The effect of temperature, pH, agitation (rpm), and aeration (vvm) was further examined in a batch fermenter. The best Lac3 activity was 1176.04 mU/mL at 25 °C, pH 3.5, 100 rpm, and 1 vvm in batch culture.

Serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are almost always benign lesions. However, there are some case reports of malignant serous neoplasms of the pancreas. It is very difficult to distinguish malignant and benign tumors. Indeed, only clinicopathologic findings of locoregional invasion and metastasis represent a malignancy. We report a serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas that was initially considered to be colon cancer. Post-operatively, the tumor was confirmed to be a malignant serous cystic tumor of the pancreas. One year later, the patient remains disease-free.
Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Spleen

We studied and analyzed 66 cases of choledochal cyst in a 9 year period from March, 1985 to December, l993 at Hangang, Kangnam and Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital. The results were as follows; 1) Age ranged from 1 year to 82 years and ll of 66 cases were below 10 years. The ratio of men to women was 1: 1.9. 2) The frequency of the triad of symptoms and signs were in order of abdominal pain 53 cases(80.3%), jaundice 12 cases(18.2%) and abdominal mass 9 cases(13.6%). The classical triad of pain, mass and jaundice was present in only 2 cases(3.0%). 3) Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 42 cases(63.6%), hyperbilirubinemia in 29 cases(43.9%) and hyperamylasemia in 9 cases(13.6%). 4) Performed diagnostic procedures were ultrasonogram in 57 cases(86.4%), endo- scopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram in 32 cases(48.5%), DISIDA scan in 18 cases(27.3%), computed tomogram in 14 cases(21.2%) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiagram in 6 cases(9.1%). 5) Among 38 cases which ERCP or PTC were performed, according to the Todani's classification, Type I was seen in 28 cases(73.7%), Type IVA in 7 cases(18. 4%), Type II in 2 cases(5.3%) and Type V in I case(2.6%). 6) The associated diseases were cholangitis in 15 cases(22.7%), choledocholithiasis in 12 cases(18.2%) and cholangiocarcinoma in 2 cases(3.0%). 7) Operative procedures were performed in 22 of 66 cases, excision of cyst with Roux-en-Y c~holedochojejunostomy in 17 cases, choledochocystojejunostomy in 2 cases and external drainage in 3 cases.
Abdominal Pain ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Choledocholithiasis ; Classification ; Drainage ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Heart ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Jaundice ; Male ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Ultrasonography