The geographical distribution of active physicians who graduated from medical schools before 1985 were studied. Those who had emigrated, hold non-medical jobs, are in the military service, or work as public health physicians and resident staff were excluded from the study. A total of 27,728 physicians were analyzed. Our studies have shown a relationship between the location of the medical schools from the which the physicians have graduated and the geographical regions in which they practice. A statistically significant number of physicians are working near the medical colleges from which they have graduated. That is, those who had graduated from medical schools located in the southern area of the country are presently working in the same region. This relationship was shown to be especially significant for older physicians and female doctors, who work around the area of the medical colleges from which they graduated.
Female ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Public Health ; Schools, Medical

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

The central venous catheter(Quinton) was replaced in the right atrium for chemotherapy and blood sampling to a eight-year old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The catheter was flushed with heparin two times daily and the chemotherapeutic drug regimens by CCSG-105 protocol were vincristine, prednisone, L-asparaginase, daunomycin, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and adriamycin. On day 31 of catheterization, the lumen for blood sampling was blocked. From day 60 of catheterization, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and tachypnea were developed. Echocardiogram, lung scan, pulmonary function test(PFT), arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) were done. Two cemtimeters in diameter of thrombosis was found in the right atrium on echocardiogram. The lung scan showed slight decrease in uptake of Tc-99m on the whole lung fields. Restrictive ventratory impairment on PFT and decreased PaO2(48 mmHg) on ABGA were found. To lysis of thromboembolism, urokinase(4,400 IU/kg for initial 10 minutes and the 4,400 IU/kg for 12 hours) was injected intravenously and aspirin(30 mg/kg/d, po) was given. The thrombosis was disappeared from the atrium on echocardiogram and PaO2 was increased up to 97 mmHg temporary. The catheter was removed but total haziness on the right middle and lower lobes were developed after 5 days. The same dose of urokinase was injected just infront of the embolism through Pitfall catheter for 8 days intermittently as results of pulmonary angiography. Symptoms and PaO2 were alleviated and the lung was expanded with mild atelectasis on day 55 of the first fibrinolytic enzyme therapy. Although the frequent complications of central venous catheter are catheter occlusion and infection, we have to check the development of thromboembolism with echocardiogram periodically or in case of unexplained respiratory symptoms.
6-Mercaptopurine ; Angiography ; Anorexia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters* ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytarabine ; Daunorubicin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Embolism ; Enzyme Therapy ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heparin ; Humans ; Lung ; Methotrexate ; Nausea ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prednisone ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Tachypnea ; Thromboembolism* ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; Vincristine ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To describe the sonographic features of angioleiomyoma arising from superficial soft tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the sonographic findings of 11 pathologically proven angioleiomyomas was performed. We evaluated the location, layer, size, shape, margin, echotexture, echogenicity, internal content, presence of calcification, and relationship to adjacent structures on gray scale sonography. We evaluated the presence, degree, and distribution pattern of vascularity within the mass on color Doppler sonography. RESULTS: All tumors were located in the subcutaneous layers of the extremities (5 in hand, 2 in elbow, 2 in knee, 1 in foot, 1 in calf). The sizes ranged from 8 to 30 mm, with an average size of 15.5 mm. All lesions were relatively homogeneous and hypoechoic, with well-defined margins and oval to round shape. There were no intratumoral calcifications or cystic portions in any of the masses. Vascularity was not detected in any patient (type 1), but was easily detected in 10 other patients. The degree of vascularity was mild (type 2) in 1 patient, moderate (type 3) in 4, and abundant (type 4) in 5. CONCLUSION: Although angioleiomyoma is an uncommon entity, our study suggests that it must be included in the differential diagnosis of well-defined, hypoechoic, vascular subcutaneous tumors in the extremities.
Angiomyoma ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Elbow ; Extremities ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Knee ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Lethal Midline*

No abstract available.
Gastrostomy*

A simple and convenient management system in coding and storage of the pathologic diagnoses was developed by generating the dBASE III with IBM-PC microcomputer. The program named "Pathology Slide Bank" can store about 3,600 data according to the SNOP coding in a standard 51/4 inch floppy disk and retrieve the data within two minutes.

A simple and convenient management system in coding and storage of the pathologic diagnoses was developed by generating the dBASE III with IBM-PC microcomputer. The program named "Pathology Slide Bank" can store about 3,600 data according to the SNOP coding in a standard 51/4 inch floppy disk and retrieve the data within two minutes.

OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of industrial noise on blood pressure and heart rate. METHODS: Resting blood pressure, hearing loss, and general characteristics of the 102 subjects who were engaged in a factory in Pusan were measured from March to June for two years, in 1998 and 1999. With noise dosimeter, noise exposure level was measured from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M. Ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were also measured every 30 minutes from 8 A.M. to 10 P. M. RESULTS: Controlling for age, smoking, and Quetelet's index, in subjects of under 40 years old exposed to higher than 85dBA, noise exposure and systolic blood pressure had a statistically significant correlation, and the same result was obtained in all subjects. The daily variability of ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were observed in older than 40 years old group, but only heart rate in under 40 years old. CONCLUSIONS: The blood pressure and heart rate would be elevated when the workers exposed to noise. And in under 40 years old, the systolic blood pressure was elevated to the workers exposed to higher than 85dBA.
Adult ; Blood Pressure* ; Body Mass Index ; Busan ; Hearing Loss ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Noise* ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Immunity, Cellular* ; Immunoglobulin A*