Discoid meniscus has been defined as a morphological anomaly, and several clinical classification has been proposed. Commonly used classification is Watanabes classification; complete, incomplete and Wrisberg ligament type discoid meniscus. It is a relatively more common disease of the knee in Korea and Japan than western countries. Eighty-one discoid meniscal tears which were operated arthroscopically between the period of June, 1991 and August, 1996 were reviewed retrospectively. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of the tear and the extent of arthroscopic resection according to the arthroscopic classification of the discoid meniscus. Thirty-three cases were classified as complete and forty-five cases as incomplete and three cases were Wrisberg ligament type. The major pattern of the tear in the complete type lesions was horizon- tal(in twenty-three) and complex(in seven) tear. Of the knees that had an incomplete type lesion, longitudinal(in ten including six bucket-handle tear) and degenerative tear(in eight) were observed more frequently, and horizontal tear(in ten) less frequently than that of the complete type. The extent of arthroscopic resection of the discoid meniscus was related to the pattern of tear and type of the discoid meniscus. For the majority of the horizontal tear, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (twentyeight of thirty-four) was performed, but arthroscopic subtotal and total meniscectomy was performed more frequently for longitudinal tear, complex tear, and Wrisberg ligament type.
Classification* ; Japan ; Knee ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Humerus*

No abstract available.
Skin*

Purpose: The diagnostic usefulness of fetal echocardiography in congenital heart disease is well known. One of the indications for fetal echocardiography is presence of extracardiac anomalies and such coexistent congenital heart disease may have important implications for obstetric and neonatal management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 496 women with singleton pegnancies with amgenital anomalies that underwent penatal care and follow-up in Severance Hospital for 5 years from 1991 to 1995 were evaluated for the incidence of congenital heart disease. RESULTS: The incidence of congenital heart disease in fetuses with the associated extracardiac anomalies were as follows; central nervous system 6.9%(11/160), gastro-intestinal system 10.7%(8/75), genito-urinary sysem 4.7%(4/85), others 5.6%(4/72). Thirty-one of eighty-ane fetuses with congenital heart disease were found to have the associated extracardidac anomalies and ten of them chenoscenal abnormalities. CONCLUSION: We recommend that fetuses with congenital extracardiac anomalies sbould be checked for the presence of congenital heart disease and chmmosomal abnormalities, if needed.
Central Nervous System ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Fetus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Humans ; Incidence

No abstract available.
Transsexualism*

A perplexing developmental error is 46,XX congenital absence of vagina ( Mayer-Rokitan-sky-Kster-Hauser syndrome, Mullerian dysgenesis, vaginal aplasia ). The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser syndrome refers to the climical entity consisting of primary amenorrhea associated with congenital absence of the vagina, 46,XX karyototype, a rudimentary uterus or complete absense, normal overian function and normal ovulation, normal female breast development, body proprotion and body hair, frequent association of renal, skeletal and other cpngenital anomalies. This syndrome results from agenesis of both Mllerian ducts or from a failure of the Mllerian ducts to estavlish a proper communication with that part of the vagina from the urogenital sinus. A case of mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser syndrom was reviewed briefly.
Amenorrhea ; Breast ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Ovulation ; Uterus ; Vagina

This study was undertaken to investigate mineral changes in weathered scalp hair after burial. EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analysis was performed to measure the presence of minerals on the hair surface. Twelve scalp hairs, buried for 5-40 years, were chosen from deceased individuals buried in tombs in Soha-Ri, Kyonggi-Do, and other regions in Korea. Three normal hairs were used as the control group. EDX data showed that carbon, oxygen, and sulfur were detected in hair collected from all three burial grounds. In contrast, calcium was only detected in hair collected from tombs in Soha-ri. The amounts of calcium and sulfur were found to decrease with time for hair collected from tombs in Soha-ri. Similar results were observed with sodium for hair collected from other regions. These results show region specific mineral detection and a decrease in the concentration of minerals with time. Consequently, it is suggested that changes in minerals concentration in weathered hair could be used as basic data in the field of forensic medicine.
Burial ; Calcium ; Carbon ; Forensic Medicine ; Forensic Sciences ; Hair ; Humans ; Korea ; Minerals ; Oxygen ; Scalp ; Sodium ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Sulfur ; Weather

No abstract available.
Amino Acid Sequence* ; HIV* ; Phenotype*

No abstract available.
Drainage* ; Prognosis*