No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Tamoxifen has been well known as an effective anti-tumor agent against breast cancer. The important role of bcl-2 and p53 proteins in tamoxifen-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells has been suggested. However, the paradoxical fact that bcl-2 over-expression is assdegrees Ciated with better prognosis in clinic has not yet been clearly explained. To investigate this paradox, we analyzed the effect and dynamics of bcl-2 and p53 on the apoptosis after treatment of breast cancer cells with tamoxifen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MB MDA-468 were treated with 17-betaestradiol (E2) and tamoxifen. RESULTS: Following tamoxifen treatment, MCF-7 cells underwent apoptosis accompanied by reduced bcl-2 expression. E2 pre-treatment led to the inhibition of tamoxifen-mediated apoptosis and bcl-2 down-regulation. When MB MDA-468 cells were treated with E2 or tamoxifen, bcl-2 and p53 protein expression did not change and apoptosis did not develop. CONCLUSION: We observed that the down-regulation of bcl-2 by tamoxifen treatment can facilitate the apoptosis of breast cancer cells without p53 mutations. This finding was consistent with clinical experiences in which bcl-2 positive tumors were assdegrees Ciated with more indolent phenotypes in breast cancer.
Apoptosis* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Line* ; Down-Regulation ; Humans* ; MCF-7 Cells ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; Tamoxifen

Arthroscopy assisted anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction with the autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone(BPB) graft showed more favorable results in the hand of experienced surgeon, but it requires long leaming curve for skillful techniques. On the contrary, open method is very easy to learn, but it needs more soft tissue dissection affecting rehabilitation and morbidity. Arthrotomy through the patellar tendon harvest site provide good surgical approach without supplementary incision, and hence short operation time and good clinical result can be expected. The purpose of this study is to introduce this technique and compares the results with arthroscopic one. We performed 67 cases of ACL reconstruction with autogenous BPB graft through the patellar tendon harvest site. We recorded and analysed the physical findings, Lysholm score and Cybex test at preoperative and postoperative 3, 6, 12 months. Average Lysholm score was 58.0 preoperatively and 90.5 at postoperative one year. Cybex test at one year follow-up showed decreased muscle strength of quadriceps, which was nearly the same result with arthroscopic technique. In conclusion, this technique provided similar excellent clinical results comparing with the arthroscopy assisted ones. Furthermore, this technique had merits of short learning curve and short operation time.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Learning Curve ; Muscle Strength ; Patellar Ligament* ; Rehabilitation ; Transplants

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia may show a delayed presentation and it rarely simulates pleural effusion. We report here on two asymptomatic cases that were diagnosed by performing chest CT.
Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic* ; Omentum ; Pleural Effusion* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Pulmonary artery sling is a rare vascular anomaly wherein the left pulmonary artery arises from the right pulmonary artery and then traverses between the esophagus and the trachea toward the hilum of the left lung. Associated anomalies are common, particularly those of the tracheobronchial tree, which have been found in more than 50% of patients. Cardiovascular anomalies such as persistent left superior vena cava, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and aortic arch anomalies are also found not infrequently. We have experienced a 20 day-old female who had showed severe respiratory distress and cyanosis. She was diagnosed as pulmonary artery sling associated with tracheobronchial hypoplasia by echocardiography, angiography, esophagography and bronchography. We report this case with related literature review.
Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Bronchography ; Cyanosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Echocardiography ; Esophagus ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Trachea ; Vena Cava, Superior

Methemoglobinemia is an uncommon but potentially fatal disorder. Most cases have no adverse clinical consequence and require no treatment, but methemoglobinemia is often overlooked as a cause of low oxygen saturation, and often mistaken for the more common causes of hypoxia by anesthesiologists despite simple bedside tests that indicate the presence of this treatable abnormality. We present a 68-year-old female patient who underwent gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer with bleeding. In the preoperative period, the patient showed cyanosis and oxygen saturation was 85% by pulse oximeter, but oxygen saturation by arterial blood gas analysis was 100%. After tracheal intubation, the methemoglobin level was 18.3%. Ascorbic acid and methylene blue were administered. During preanesthetic evaluation, the patient had not informed the anesthesiologist that she had been taking dapsone.
Aged ; Anesthesia, General ; Anoxia ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cyanosis ; Dapsone ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intubation ; Methemoglobin ; Methemoglobinemia ; Methylene Blue ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Preoperative Period ; Stomach Neoplasms

Stress induced cardiomyopathy is a disease that shows a dysfunction of the ventricle, but it can be rapidly reversible. It often occurs in older women primarily who suffers from emotional or physical stress. There are some case reports about postpartum stress induced cardiomyopathy. Most of the patients are recovered naturally within days to weeks. We report a case of a 37 years-old woman, who had experienced postpartum stress induced cardiomyopathy 8 years ago, revisited hospital because of cardiomyopathy after secondary delivery. Herein we report a rare case of recurrent stress induced cardiomyopathy after secondary normal vaginal delivery.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Female ; Humans ; Postpartum Period* ; Recurrence

In the article cited above, upper part page in title page has an error. Ending page of the article should be 268, not 269.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is the most common cause of community-onset bacteremia in hospitalized elderly patients. The objectives of this study were to investigate the differences in the clinical and microbiological data of hospitalized elderly and non-elderly women with community-onset APN. METHODS: Women with community-onset APN as a discharge diagnosis were identified from January 2004 to December 2013 using an electronic medical records system. We compared the clinical and microbiologic data in elderly and non-elderly women with community-onset APN due to Enterobacteriaceae. RESULTS: Of the 1,134 women with community-onset APN caused by Enterobacteriaceae, 443 were elderly and 691 were non-elderly women. The elderly group had a lower frequency of upper and lower urinary tract symptoms/signs than the non-elderly. The incidence of bacteremia, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, patients with a C-reactive protein (CRP) level > or = 15 mg/dL, and patients with a leukocyte count > or = 15,000/mm3 in the blood, were significantly higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group. The proportion of patients requiring hospitalization for 10 days or more was significantly higher in the elderly group compared to the non-elderly group (51.5% vs. 26.2%, p < 0.001). The clinical cure rates at 4 to 14 days after the end of therapy were 98.3% (338/344) and 97.4% (519/533) in the elderly and non-elderly groups, respectively (p = 0.393). CONCLUSIONS: Elderly women with APN exhibit higher serum CRP levels, a higher frequency of bacteremia, a higher proportion of ESBL-producing uropathogens, and require a longer hospitalization than non-elderly women, although these patients may not complain of typical urinary symptoms.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Community-Acquired Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Electronic Health Records ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pyelonephritis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Remission Induction ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Tract Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology

No abstract available.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Choristoma/*complications/radiography ; Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Female ; Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/*complications/radiography ; Humans ; *Kidney ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Pyelonephritis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Thoracic Diseases/*complications/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome