Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis carinii. It usually occurs in premature or debilitated infants. Recently sporadic cases of human disease in patients who have been on long term steroid therapy, cytotoxic drug therapy, immunosuppressive drug were significantly increased. We recently experienced 35 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants of an institution for foreign adoption in three epidemic period of Feb.1979, Mar. 1980, and Jan. 1980. The clinical review of 35 cases was made. Patients' age was between 1 to 4 months. Twenty-one cases (60%) occurred in 2-month-old infants. Many patients were included in poor weight gain and development. The common symptoms were tachypnea, cyanosis, restlessness, cough, diarrhea in order of frequency. The roentgenological findings were classified into three groups. normal finding, pulmonary emphysema only, and various forms of pneumonic infiltration. The roentgenological findings were somewhat characteristic. The most common finding (24 cases) showed streaky and mottled densities which began in both hill and were spreaded peripherally. The pneumonic infiltrations were spared peripheral lung, but progressed to total involvement. The prominence between alveolar and interstitial infiltration was almostly equal when patients were admitted. Nineteen cases (54%) showed pulmonary emphysema.
Cough ; Cyanosis ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Tachypnea ; Weight Gain

Of the bronchographic findings of 408 patients, performed in our hospital for recent 5 years, 108 cases showed definite bronchial obstruction, and 61 cases of those were selected and their obstructive findings were evaluated. All that not confirmed were abandoned. For evaluation of the reliability of 9 bronchographic obstruction signs onappplying to diagnose malignant or benign pulmonary diseases, each sign was identified and applied to each of the61 confirmed cases. In addition, obstructed bronchi, distance of obstruction from the bifurcation site, and thedirection of meniscus, if peresent, were evaluated. The reuslts were follows; 1. The most frequent cause ofbronchial obstruction was lung cancer (59.0%), and that of the benign obstruction was pulmonary tuberculosis(13.1%). 2. Amputation, asymmetric narrowing, thumbprint indentation, rat-tail narrowing and encasement signs werethe most accurate signs of malignancy and were practically diagnostic ones, 3, The most frequent sign in lungcancer was sharp cut off one, but it could be seen in lung abscess and in unresolved pneumonia, too. 4. Circumferential symmetric narrowing and regular concavity with a small central profection signs were specific onesto benignancy. 5. The most frequent obstruction sign in benign lung disease was gradual tapering sign, but it alsocould be seen inbronchogenic epidermoid and alveolar cell carcinoma. 6. Of all bronchial obstructions, 55.4% occurred at lobar bronchus and 77.4% of those were caused by lung cancer. 7. 77.2% of those obstruction which located within 3 times distance of the bronchial diameter at the nearest proximal bifurcation site, were lungcancer, but 75.0% of those located at over 3 times distance were benign pulmonary diseases. 8. There were nocorrelation of the direction of the meniscus at the obstructing and in differential diagnosis between benign andmalignant pulmonary diseases.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ; Amputation ; Bronchi ; Bronchography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung Abscess ; Lung Diseases ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation commonly results in sympathetic stimulation manifested by increased heart rate and arterial blood pressure. This study was carried out to determine whether lightwand would result in less hemodynamic changes than direct laryngoscopy. METHODS: With informed consent, fourty healthy female patients scheduled of elective surgical procedures were randomly allocated into two groups; lightwand (LW) or direct laryngoscopy (DL) group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded upon arrival. Under a standardized anesthetic technique, the patients were intubated either with no. 3 curved blade direct laryngoscopy (DL group) or with lightwand (LW group). The MAP and HR were recorded before intubation and every 1 minutes following intubaion. Time to intubation (TTI) was also recorded. All patients were intubated by a same fourth grade resident. RESULTS: Fourty patients were studied. Every intubation was successed in first attempt. The TTI was significantly shorter in LW group. Even while there was no significant difference in HR changes, there was significant difference in the increase of MAP following intubation. The increase of MAP was significantly greater with DL than with LW. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that lightwand intubation requires shorter TTI and may give rise to less blood pressure change than direct laryngoscopy. So we found no difference in disadvantage and may offers advantage in terms of hemodynamic stability.
Arterial Pressure* ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngoscopy* ; Surgical Procedures, Elective

No abstract available.
Lipomatosis*

We presented here a case of an 80-year-old male patient who was, confirmed in the typical tumor stage of Mycosis fungoide by skin biopay. Relatively well-defined, brown-colored, round patches were found about 3 years ago on the chest, abdomen and inguinal area. He had received some treatment at several private clinics uder the impression of seborrheic dermatitis, paoriaais and eczematoid dermatitis. However, the skin manifestations were not improved t.ut rarther increased in eize, similarly to tinea corporis. Two months ago, firm nodules and tumors developecl a new on the lesinn sites, assoviated with intense pruritus and ulcerative tendency. We tried radiation therapy, but due to old age the patient chose to discontinurue.
Abdomen ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Humans ; Male ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Pruritus ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Thorax ; Tinea ; Ulcer

Two rare cases of human infection with parvum (dwarf) type of Diphyllobothrium latum [syn. D parvum (Stephens,1908)], were discovered in Korea. The first case was a 46-year old houseife, from whom a kind of pseudophyllidean tapeworm eggs was detected in the feces. She was treated with praziquantel and purged, and a complete strobila with scolex, 120 cm in total length, was recovered. She recalled that she had eaten raw trouts at a raw-fish restaurant near the Chungju Lake. Another patient was a 22-year old medical student (male), who used to eat raw sea-foods. He discovered a chain of tapeworm proglottids, 15 cm in length, discharged spontaneously in his stool and brought it for identification. The worms from the two cases were compatible with D. parvum (Stephens, 1908) of which the taxonomic significance has long been questioned. After a detailed morphological study and review of literature, we designated the worms as D. latum parvum type. This is the first report on the occurrence of this rare type of D. latum infection in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda ; Diphyllobothrium latum parvum type ; sea-food ; human ; case report

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism are very various and these degree are related to the severity and duration of the disease. Pericardial effusions, one of the manifestations of hypothy-roidism, were relatively common in the past. However, recently they may not be so frequent representative of hypothyroid subjects. The higher frequency of Hashimotos thyroiditis in Turners syndrome, especially those with an X-isochromosome, compared with the general population is well known. The pathophysiological process of autoimmunity is thought to be linked with the presence of an abnormal X-chromosome. Recently we experienced a case of X-isochromosome Turners syndrome with hypothyroidism and pericardial effusion and report it with reviews of the literatures.
Autoimmunity ; Hypothyroidism* ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Turner Syndrome*

To evaluate the hepatotoxicity of RMP in tuberculous children during treatment, liver function tests were performed regularly in 40 children who visited or admitted in Chonnam University Medical School Hospital and Mok-po Children's Tuberculosis Hospital from January 1979 to August 1980. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the administered regimens which were INH+EMB or PAS, INH+RMP(10??15mg/kg) and INH+RMP(16??20)mg/kg respectively. The mean observation period wart 16 weeks and the obtained results were compared between each group which were summerized as follows; 1) Significant increase of serum transaminase activity was noted in the patients who received RMP. 2) Increase of serum transaminase activity developed within 4 weeks after the administration of RMP and the mean value was highest in the second week. 3) The incidence of increased serum transaminase activity was slightly higher in the female subjects. 4) No relationship could be found between the increase of serum transaminase activity and the dosage of RMP. 5) Serum alkaline phosphatase showed no significant difference among three groups. 6) Serum bilirubin concentration was not increased in all subjects.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bilirubin ; Child* ; Female ; Hospitals, Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver* ; Rifampin ; Schools, Medical ; Tuberculosis ; Warts

BACKGROUND: The authors have developed a Digital image chart(DIC) and digital Radiotherapy Record System (DRRS). We have evaluated the DIC and DRRS for reliability, usefulness, ease of use, and efficiency. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The basic design o f the DIC and DRRS was to build an digital image database of radiation therapy patient records for a more efficient and timely flow of critical image in formation throughout the department. This system is a subunit of comprehensive radiation oncology managemert system (C-ROMS) and composed of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS), radiotherapy information database, and a radiotherapy imaging database. The DIC and DRRS were programmed using Delphi under a Windows 95 environment and is capable of displaying the digital images of patients identification photos, simulation films, radiotherapy setup, diagnostic radiology image... Gross lesion photos, and radiotherapy planning isodose charts with beam arrangements. Twenty-three clients in the department are connected by Ethernet (10 Mbps) to the central image server (Sun Ultra-sparc 1 workstation). RESULTS: From the introduction of this system in February 1998 through December 1999, we have accumulated a total of 15,732 individual images for 2,556 patients. We can organize radiation therapy in; paperless environment in 120 patients with breast cancer. Using this system, we have succeeded in the prompt, accurate, and simultaneous access to patient care information from multiple locations throughout the department. This coordination has resulted in improved operational efficiency within the department. CONCLUSION: The authors believe that the DIC and DRRS has contributed to the improvement of radiation oncology department efficacy as well as to time and resource savings by providing necessary visual information throughout the department conveniently and simultaneously. As a result, we can also achieve the paperless and filmless practice of radiation oncology with this system.
Breast Neoplasms ; Dacarbazine ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Income ; Patient Care ; Radiation Oncology* ; Radiotherapy*