No abstract available.
Fractures, Spontaneous* ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary*

This investigation was undertaken to clarify the in vitro effect of the various stimulations, such as exercise (E), insulin (I) direct electrical stimulation (EST) and the combinations of the above, on the glucose incorporation intro glycogen molecules (glycogen synthesis) of the normal slow (soleus) and fast twitch (plantaris) muscles, and the different responses of slow and fast twitch muscles to persistent overloads causing compensatory muscle hypertrophy. In resting state, slow twitch muscle has greater capacity for glycogen synthesis than fast twitch muscle, and responses of different muscle to various stimuli were differ as follows: In slow twitch muscle, the glycogen synthesis was increased by insulin, and electrical stimulation but not increased by exercise; exercise increased insulin sensitivity and the effect of electrical stimulation. Whereas the glycogen synthesis in fast twitch muscle was increased only by the stimuli combined with E and EST, and E, I, and EST. As the result of removal of synergistic muscle, both muscles were hypertrophied, and the degree of hypertrophy in response to persistent overload was higher in fast twitch muscle (182%) than slow twitch muscle (151%). In hypertrophied muscles, glycogen synthesis of soleus in any groups was lower than that of the control, but similar in plantaris. In conclusions, there were marked heterogeneity in different muscle fiber in the effects of exercise and insulin addition and electrical stimulation on muscle glycogen synthesis, and fast twitch muscle may be adapted more easily to that kind of persistent overload than slow twitch muscle.
Electric Stimulation ; Glucose* ; Glycogen* ; Hypertrophy ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Muscles* ; Population Characteristics

After the stabilization using unreamed intramedullary interlocking nails for the management of fractures of the tibial shaft, a large percentage of patients whose fractures would proceed to delayed bony union may be subject to secondary surgical procedure. The purpose of this study is to determine whether ultrasound, through its potential early assessment of the presence or absence of callus at the fracture site, can be used to predict the need for secondary surgical procedure. Fourteen tibial fractures (5 open, 9 closed) were treated with unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing. Radiographs were obtained to monitor the maintenance of reduction and fracture healing. The results of ultrasound studies were obtained at two-week intervals for 10 weeks postoperatively and read by a radiologist. In prospective study of 14 patients, tibial fractures treated with unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing were analyzed from June 1995 to February 1997 and following results were obtained. 1. Ultrasound correctly predicted fracture healing in all 10 fractures that subsequently progressed to fracture union. 2. Of the 4 fractures that did not heal, ultrasound was able to predict delayed union before it was radiographically evident. 3. Ultrasound predicted fracture healing at an average of 42 days (range, 22-70 days). In comparison, the plain radiographs showed fracture healing at an average of 126 days (range, 70 - 180 days). In conclusion, the tibia was ideal for ultrasound study because of the thin overlying soft tissue. Furthermore, the presence of the intramedullary nail facilitated evaluation of the intervening tissue. And there were several advantages of ultrasound over other imaging modalities. It was noninvasive, easy to use, and painless method of evaluation that does not use ionizing radiation.
Bony Callus ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fracture Healing* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Tibia* ; Tibial Fractures ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin ; Rats

The Duodenal diverticulum is the rare cause of the common bile duct obstruction. We experienced a case of the diverticulum of the second portion of duodenum in a 59-year-old male, who complained recurrent attacks of right upper abdominal pain and fever since 16 months prior to admission. Duodenoscopic finding and UGI study revealed a typical duodenal diverticulum just side to the papilla of Vater. Diverticulectomy and cholecystectomy was performed and after than, he has been free front above mentioned symptoms. We reported a case of duodenal diverticulum which caused recurrent common bile duct obstruction.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholecystectomy ; Common Bile Duct* ; Diverticulum* ; Duodenum ; Fever ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: To compare the suppressive effects in hepatocellular carcinoma patients of transhepatic arterial chemoembolization by the infusion of adriamycin-lipiodol emulsion and of this plus 10ml of cisplatin solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a total of 151 cases, the frequency of intrahepatic recurrence was compared with follow-up angiographic findings after the first and second transhepatic arterial chemoembolization with adriamycin-lipiodol emulsion and adriamycin-lipiodol emulsion plus 10ml of cisplatin solution, respectively. RESULTS: Among 46 patients whose first single infusion was after mean 119 days, the recurrence rate was 22% ; for 42 who were given their first multiple infusion after mean 76 days this rate was 5% ; for 35 whose second single infusion was administered after mean 147 days, the rate was 34%, and among 28 whose second multiple infusion was after mean 110 days, the rate was 43%. CONCLUSION: During the first trial of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with adriamycin-lipiodol plus cisplatin solution, hepatocellular carcinoma recurred much less frequently, but during the second trial with cisplatin, recurrence was not suppresed.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cisplatin* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence*

Primary biliary cirrhosis, a chronic, progressive, and often fatal cholestatic liver disease, is characterized by destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts, portal inflammation and scarring, and the eventual development of cirrhosis and liver failure. We reviewed four cases of primary biliary cirrhosis primarily suspected with peritoneoscopic liver biopsy specimens. All patients were female and their age ranged from 29 to 50 years(median age: 43.8 years). Presenting symptoms were typically pruritus and/or upper abdominal discomfort. On physical examination, interus was presented in 3; hepatomegaly in 3; chronic liver disease stigmata in one. Co-existing autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto' thyroiditis and Sjoegren' syndrome were found in 2 cases. Biochemical tests of liver function revealed a cholestatic pattern. An antimitochondrial-antibody test was positive in 2 out of 3 patients(75%). Increase levels of serum immunoglobulins, especially of IgM, were evident in 3 cases. Histologic staging(Ludwig et al.) disclosed stage I lesion in one, stage III in two, and stage IV in the remaining one.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Rheumatic Fever*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Lung* ; Pneumocytes* ; Pneumonectomy* ; Rabbits*

The clinical observation was made on 174 patients with congestive heart failure among the admitted patients in Chung Ang university hospital between 1971 and July, 1978. The results were summarized as follows: 1. There were 89 females and 85 males and the incidence was the highest in the 6th decade. 2. The common causes of congestive heart failure were hypertensive heart disease 44.8%, valvular heart disease 21.3% and ischemic heart disease 9.2%. 3. The precipitating factors of congesive heart failure were found in 73.6% of cases and the major factors were arrhythmia 25.3% and infection 15.5%. 4. The important symptoms and signs were dyspnea 86.8%, hepatomegaly 53.4%, pulmonary rales 49.4%, cardiac murmur 46%, tachycardia 35.1% cough 35.1% and orthopnea 34.5%. 5. The ECG findings were abnormal in 92.1% of cases and the frequent abnormal findings were inverted or flat T wave 47.3%, atrial fibrillation 40.6% and left ventricular hypertrophy 33.3%. 6. The chest PA on admission revealed abnormalities in 159 cases, including cardiomegaly 74.6%, pulmonary congestion 66.9% and pleural effusion 26.6%. 7. The major abnormalities of laboratory data were proteinuria and the increase of globuline, BUN, TTT, alkaline phosphatase and SGOT.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cardiomegaly ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Murmurs ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Incidence ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pleural Effusion ; Precipitating Factors ; Proteinuria ; Respiratory Sounds ; Tachycardia ; Thorax