An immunohistochemical stain for p53 tumor suppressor gene product was performed in 59 primary lung cancers to study the relation between its expression and type of the tumor, degree of tumor differentiation,clinical stage and smoking. The results were as follows: 1. The expression of mutant p53 protein was noted in 28 of 59 cases(47.5%) of primary lung cancers. The p53 protein was expressed in 21 of 35(60%) squamous cell carcinomas, in 6 of 21(28.6%) adenocarcinomas, and 1 of 1(100%) small cell carcinoma. There was a significant difference in expression of p53 among the different histologic types of lung cancer(p<0.05). 2. The incidence of p53 protein expression did not correlate with the degree of tumor cell differentiation or the clinical stage of lung carcinoma(p>0.05). 3. The incidence of p53 protein expression was higher in smokers(current: 75%, former: 46.2%) than in non-smokers(5.6%) and was increased in direct proportion to the pack years. There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 expression and smoking(p<0.05). The mutation of p53 gene may often be an early event in the development of lung cancer and it is suggested that the smoking known as a risk factor for the development of the lung cancer may be associated with the transformation of p53 tumor suppressor gene into mutant p53 gene or oncogene.
Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Lung Neoplasms

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, PC10), an auxillary protein of DNA polymerase, plays a main role in the early stage of DNA Synthesis and is synthesized from Gl phase to s phase of the cell cycle. Nucleolar organizer region (NORs) are DNA loops encoding RNA proteins(AgNORs). To evaluate correlation with PCNA labelling index (LI)and AgNORs according to histological grades and clinical stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, the authors analysed 54 transitional cell carcinoma using immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and silver stain for AgNORs in paraffin sections. The comparison of PCNA (PC10) LI and clinical stage showed a significant correlation (p<0.05), where as PCNA (PC10) LI according to histologic grade showed no significant correlation. High grade tumors showed increase PCNA LI. Superficial tumors (Ta-Tl) showed significantly lower PCNA LI than muscle invasive tumors (T2-T4)(p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between AgNORs and clinical stage, bur higher stage and higher grade tumors showed increased noubers of AgNORs. These results suggest that PCNA LI has a significant correlation with clinical stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants is one of main forms of congenital esophageal stenosis, and it was first described by Frey and Duschel in l936. An 18-month-old male presented with underdevelopment and dehydration state due to persistent vomiting several times per day since 3 months after his birth. Esophagogram revealed an elongated and diiated esophagus with marked stenosis at distal portion. Partial distal esophagectomy was performed. Histologically, the thickened esophageal wall is composed of tracheobronchial remnants including hyaline cartilages, mucous glands, and ductal structures lined by ciliated respiratory epithelium under stratified squamous mucosa.
Male ; Humans

Congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants is one of main forms of congenital esophageal stenosis, and it was first described by Frey and Duschel in l936. An 18-month-old male presented with underdevelopment and dehydration state due to persistent vomiting several times per day since 3 months after his birth. Esophagogram revealed an elongated and diiated esophagus with marked stenosis at distal portion. Partial distal esophagectomy was performed. Histologically, the thickened esophageal wall is composed of tracheobronchial remnants including hyaline cartilages, mucous glands, and ductal structures lined by ciliated respiratory epithelium under stratified squamous mucosa.
Male ; Humans

To evaluate the progress of clinical and histopathological changes of dermat ophytosis caused by M. gypseum, its inoculation study was done in 16 male New Zealand white rabbits(control: 4, innoculation : l2). The results were as follows . Clinically Initial erythema, scales, and crusts developed in 1 week after inoculation. They reached maximum severity on the 14th to 18th day and disappeared on the 25th to 44th day after inoculation. I-Iist,opathologically : The earliest findings were mild focal acanthosis and for al vascular ilatations and cellular infiltrations of the papillary dermis on the 4th day after inoculation. Their severity increased to the moderate degree until the. 8th day when mild hyperkeratosis was notec1, and lasted to the 13th day, Maximum degree of the findings including parakiratosis, intraepidermal microabscesses and middermal changes was seen on the 16th to 22nd day, and disapveared gradually between the 25th day and the 46th day. Hyphae and spores were founil on the PAS stainings until the 22nd clay. M. gypseum was not cultured from the lesions after the 25th day. seven of 10 rabbits injected intradermally with trichophytons became positive in 2 to 4 weeks after inoculation. All these findings suggest that the maximum inflammatory response is the result of immunologic reaction and the increased epidermal turnover rate may play a. major role in the shedding of remained fungi of the horny layer.
Dermis ; Erythema ; Fungi ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Male ; Microsporum* ; New Zealand ; Rabbits* ; Spores ; Trichophyton ; Weights and Measures

We report a case of acrodermatitis enteropathica-like syndrome after long-term parenteral nutrition in a 19-year-old female with a choriocarcinoma metastasized to the lung. Skin lesions consisted of vesicopustular periorificial eruptions, psoriasiform plaques on the knees and elbows, eczamatoid patches on the acral regions, paronychia, alopecia, and of poor wound healing, Severe diarrhea was accompanied. Zinc sulphate was administered 200mg three times daily for one week with improvement of the skin eruptions and diarrhea. The patient, however, died on the 7th day of zinc therapy with the poor general condition.
Acrodermatitis* ; Alopecia ; Choriocarcinoma ; Diarrhea ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Knee ; Lung ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Paronychia ; Pregnancy ; Skin ; Wound Healing ; Young Adult ; Zinc

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile* ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

Pseudallescheria (P.) boydii is a true fungus that is ubiquitous in nature, and has a world-wide distribution. It has been isolated from soil, plant debris, polluted water and sewage. Infection may occur via direct inoculation or inhalation, and usually affects the extremities. It is a common cause of mycetoma characterized by tumefaction, draining sinuses and grains. It has polymorphism due to a complicated life cycle which undergoes teleomorph as well as anamorph stages. Cleistothecia, ascocarp and ascospore may be seen during the teleomorph stages, whereas scedosporium and graphium type may be seen during the anamorph stages. We report a case of P. boydii mycetoma occurring in a 69-year old male. He had multiple nodules with a discharging fistula on a dark red plaque at the dorsum of the right forearm. Cultural isolation for definitive diagnosis showed typical P. boydii. The lesion responded well to daily itraconazole.
Aged ; Edible Grain ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Fistula ; Forearm ; Fungi ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Itraconazole ; Life Cycle Stages ; Male ; Mycetoma* ; Plants ; Pseudallescheria* ; Scedosporium ; Sewage ; Soil

Adenomyoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor which occurs mainly in the skin, salivary gland and very rarely in the breast. Histologically this tumor demonstrates biphasic differentiation of luminal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells. We report a case of adenomyoepithelioma occuring in the outer lower quadrant of the right breast of a 56-year-old female, confirmed histologically with an aid of immunohistochemistry. This is the first documented report in Korean literature.
Adenomyoepithelioma* ; Breast* ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Phenobarbital ; Salivary Glands ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) is caused by the fluctuating balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic tone. Analysis of heart rate variations may provide important clinical information and the influence of anesthesia on the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: We studied 18 ASA I female patients undergoing propofol-O2-N2O anesthesia for transabdominal hysterectomy and analyzed the HRV using power spectral analysis (PSA) at preinduction period, 2~5 minutes after induction, and 30~33 minutes after skin incision. RESULTS: The powers in all frequency bands decreased, but the decrease in low+middle frequency power was less than that in high frequency power during 2~5 minutes after induction. At 30~33 minutes after skin incision, all frequency bands and ratio of low middle/high frequency power spectra recovered and were not significantly different from those of before induction. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol-N2O-O2 anesthesia depress autonomic nervous system with relative preservation of sympathetic components. However autonomic nervous system and sympathetic/parasympathetic balance during operation recovered to the pre-anesthetic pattern, probably due to surgical stimuli and stress.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Autonomic Nervous System ; Female ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Skin