Authors carried out the experimental study to investigate whether the Paragonimus westermani would uptake the blood in the parasitic definitive host, and also tried for the amount and distribution of the blood which would be harbored in a worm body, and so on. Experimental animals used in this study were dogs and cats, and they were infected with metacercariae of P. westermani. Several months later of the infection, Cr(51) tagged red blood cells were administered to each animal, and the animals were sacrificed and autopsy was done after 24 or 48 hrs of the administration. One part of the detected P. westermani adult worms of each animal were bred in Tyrode's solution and the others were killed by fixing in formalin solution. By Well-type scintillation counter, the radioactivities were measured for the alive and killed worms and of the blood of each experimental animal which was collected at autopsy . In conclusion, it was found that P. westermani worms uptake blood in parasitic definitive host, and amount of the blood harboring in a worm of 56 infection-days(size of worm; 4 x 3 x 1 mm) was 0.002 ml, 0.004 or 0.005 ml in 103 infection-days(size of worm: 8 x 5 x 3 mm) and 0.011 ml in 217 infection-days(size of worm: 9 x 7 x 4 mm). Almost of the whole blood uptaked in the worms was distributed in intestine. It was observed that the blood uptaked in the worm body was excreted continuously through the excretory pore, so that the radioactivity could not measured almost completely in cases of 24 hrs-breeding worms.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Paragonimus westermani ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; red blood cell ; Cr(51) ; Tyrode's solution

Magnetic resonance (MR) is rapidly emerging technique that provides high quality images and potentially provides much more diagnostic information than do conventional imaging modalities. MRI is conceptually quite different from currently used imaging methods. The complex nature of MRI allows a great deal of flexibility in image production and available information, and key points are as follows. 1. MR offers a non-invasive technique with which to generate in vivo human images without ionizing radiation and with no known adverse biological effects. 2. Imaging mechanism of MRI is quite different from conventional imaging modality and for more accurate diagnostic application, It is necessary for physician to understand imaging mechanism of MRI 3. M.R. makes available basic chemical parameters that may provide to be useful for diagnostic medical imaging and more specific pathophysiologic information which are not available by alternate techniques. 4. M.R. can be produced by number of different methods. This flexibility allows the imaging technique to be applicated for particular clinical purpose. Multiplanar and three dimensional imaging may extend the imaging process beyond the single section available with current CT. 5. Future directions include efforts to; a. Further development of hard ware b. More fastening scan time c. Respiratory and cardiac gated imaging d. Imaging of additional nuclei except hydrogen. e. Further development of contrast media f. MR in vivo spectroscopy g. Real time MR imaging
Comprehension* ; Contrast Media ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pliability ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Spectrum Analysis

We described a 65-year-old woman with a papule on the left temple area of } year duration. The lesion showed typical findings of atypical fibroxanthoma and was located on the lesion of solar keratosis, So sunlight may be the most important one among the various insults to atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Keratosis ; Skin ; Sunlight

PURPOSE: To evaluate intrahepatic nodular lesions detected on CTAP but not on conventional contrast CT in regard to its relationship with satellite nodules or borderline malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1991 to March 1994, CTAP was undertaken in 132 cases with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), of which 35 cases having 82 lesions were suitable for analysis(excluding the cases which had no follow-up studies, showed segmental abnormal portal perfusion, no additional lesions and, or inumerable lesions). The CTAP findings were compared with those on artery dominant imaging studies (angiography, DSA, bolus dynamic CT, arterial CT, Lipiodol CT) taken during the same period(to confirm the presence of lesions) and the findings on follow-up imaging studies(to assess the developemerit of malignancy). RESULTS: Arterial vascularity was identified in 35 of 82 lesions(42.7%) on arterial dominant imaging studies. Developement into malignancy was identified on follow-up imaging studies in 25 of remained 47 lesions(53.2%). CONCLUSION: The total positive predictive value of nodules on CTAP was 73.2%(35+25/82), but the predictive value for HCC by follow-up only was 53.2%. Given'the difficulties in detecting intranodular arterial flow and the short follow-up duration in many patients, the actual positive value might be higher.
Arteries ; Ethiodized Oil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Perfusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate intrahepatic nodular lesions detected on CTAP but not on conventional contrast CT in regard to its relationship with satellite nodules or borderline malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1991 to March 1994, CTAP was undertaken in 132 cases with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), of which 35 cases having 82 lesions were suitable for analysis(excluding the cases which had no follow-up studies, showed segmental abnormal portal perfusion, no additional lesions and, or inumerable lesions). The CTAP findings were compared with those on artery dominant imaging studies (angiography, DSA, bolus dynamic CT, arterial CT, Lipiodol CT) taken during the same period(to confirm the presence of lesions) and the findings on follow-up imaging studies(to assess the developemerit of malignancy). RESULTS: Arterial vascularity was identified in 35 of 82 lesions(42.7%) on arterial dominant imaging studies. Developement into malignancy was identified on follow-up imaging studies in 25 of remained 47 lesions(53.2%). CONCLUSION: The total positive predictive value of nodules on CTAP was 73.2%(35+25/82), but the predictive value for HCC by follow-up only was 53.2%. Given'the difficulties in detecting intranodular arterial flow and the short follow-up duration in many patients, the actual positive value might be higher.
Arteries ; Ethiodized Oil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Perfusion

Twenty six consecutive patients with superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions of the shoulder involving the hiceps attachment to the labrum were fixed with biodegradable tack through a new lateral portal arthroscopically and reviewed to evaluate the efficacy of the biodegradable tack tixation in the unstable SLAP lesion. The tack was placed at the posterosuperior aspect of biceps attachment and directed toward anteroinferior via lateral portal just lateral to the acromial margin. Mean follow up duration was 18 months (range, 8 to 27). According to Snyder s classification, 24 cases were type ll, 1 case was type III and 1 case was type IV. lsolated SLAP lesion was nine cases (35%,) in our series. Thirteen cases were associated with the unidirectional anterior instability, one case with the multidirectional instability, 2 cases with the full thickness tear of the rotator cuff and 1 case with the acromioclavicular injury. Preoperative scores increased postoperatively by using the American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) evalualion system in all cases. ln isolated SLAP lesions, pain scores improved from 3.0 to 4.2, stability scores from 3.7 to 5.0, and function scores from 2.7 to 3.4. In associated SLAP lesions, pain scores improved from 3.2 to 4.2, stability scores from 3.5 to 4.8 and function scores from 3.1 to 3.9, Overall scores improved from 71 to 93 in associated SLAP lesions and improved from 67 to 90 in isolated lesions. Eiehteen patients(69%) achieved excellent results and 6 patients(23% ) ohtained good results. And there were no complications related to the use of biodegradable implant. Thus, arthroscopic fixation is recommendable in the management of the unstable SLAP lesions.
Absorbable Implants ; Classification ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder

Acromioclavicular joint pain is a common cause of shoulder-related symptoms. Frequently, nonoperative treatment regimens resolve symptoms originating from acromioclavicular joint. However, patients refractory to conservative therapy require operative intervention and the resection of distal end of the clavicle has proven to be a reliable method in these patients. We performed fourteen cases of arthroscopic distal clavicle resection for acromioclavicular joint lesions between February 1995 and February 1997 and reviewed the efficacy of the arthroscopic distal clavicle resection, retrospectively. Causes of acromioclavicular joint pathology were 7 cases of degenerative osteoarthritis, 6 traumatic osteoarthritis and 1 partial instability. Average patient age was 50 years (range 19 to 70 years). Preoperatively all patients had pain, whereas 57% had acromioclavicular tenderness and 86% positive adduction test. The operations were performed with subacromial bursal approach. The average length of distal clavicle resection was 10mm (range 5 to 18mm). At an average follow-up of 18 months (range 8 to 30 months), the ASES score ranked 6 shoulders in excellent (43%), 6 good (43%), 1 fair (7%), and 1 poor (7%). Thus, the overall results suggest that arthroscopic acromioclavicular resection is one of the effective methods for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint pathology.
Acromioclavicular Joint* ; Clavicle ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Cyclotrons*

Authors carried out experimental study on chemotherapy with oral administration of Dithiazanine iodide (D.I.) and Bithionol sulfoxide(B.S.) in rabbit clonorchiasis. And the following result was obtained. In change of the E.P.G (eggs per gram feces) by D.I. administration, it was rather increased in early stage of the administration than prior to administration, and thereafter decreased gradually. In the change of the C.S. worm body by D.I. administration, there was not only prominent change of supporting tissue but also the change of reproductive organ was found. In considering the wormicidal effect of D.I. from detecting rate of survival worms, the effect was slight in group of 100 mg(80 mg/kg) per day dosage, but the effects were very excellent and almost complete by proper times of administration in groups of 200 mg (130 mg/kg) per day or higher dosage. But the side effect and intoxication sign of D.I. were appearent in groups of 200 mg or higher dosage. By B.S. administration, E.P.G. was decreased gradually. In changes of the C.S. worm body by B.S. administration, prominent inhibitory chnnge was seen in egg formation ability. Slight wormicidal effect of B.S. was observed in groups of 140 mg (100 mg/kg) per day or higher dosage. Side effect and intoxication sign of B.S. were found little in groups of 140 mg or lesser dosage.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; clonorchiasis ; chemotherapy ; Dithiazanine iodide ; Bithionol sulfoxide ; rabbit

In the experimental rabbits which were previously infected with Clonorchis sinensis and were thereafter administered with Dithiazanine iodide, the patho-histological and some histochemical changes were observed in the healed liver(76 days after stoppage of egg excretion). And also, the patho-histological changes which appeared in the infected and healed livers respectively were compared from each other. The following results and conclusion were obtained. In the infected group, grossly the liver showed a considerable increase of its weight, an increased vascular marking of its surfaces and an increase in consistency and thickness of the bile ducts. However, the healed group grossly showed no remarkable changes in the liver. In the infected group, microscopically the liver showed a marked adenomatous hyperplasia of bile ducts, proliferation of bile ductules and marked periductal and periductular fibrosis with infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells in portal spaces. A histochemical study showed that the increased fibrous tissue consists largely with collagenous fibers and partly with reticulum fibers. In the group with healed liver microscopically the liver showed much improvement in the histopathological changes compared to those of the infected group. In the healed lover there remained only slight histopathological changes mainly in portal spaces of the liver, such as considerably diminished periductal and periductular fibrosis. The slightly increased fibrous tissue consists largely with reticulum fibers and partly with collagen fibers.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; chemotherapy ; histology ; pathology ; Dithiazanine iodide ; histochemistry ; liver ; Dithiazanine iodide ; collagen ; reticulum