PURPOSE: Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal disease and the incidence is progressively increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake among diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria, and then to determine the clinical usefulness of 99mTc-DMSA in predicting early diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 99mTc-DMSA scan was performed and a total renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was measured in 145 diabetic patients. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the amount of 24 hour urinary albumin excretion as Group I (normoalbuminuria, 74 cases), Group II (microalbuminuria, 39 cases), and Group III (overt proteinuria, 32 cases). The differences of 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake among the 3 groups and the correlation between the renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA and other clinical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: The total renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA of Group II (40.8+/-11.0%) was significantly lower than that of Group I (54.4+/-6.3%, p<0.001). The uptake of Group III (27.7+/-12.0%) was significantly lower than those of both GroupI and Group II (p<0.001). 99mTc-DMSA total renal uptakes correlated negatively with serum creatinine level (r=-0.629, p<0.001) and positively correlated with creatinine clearance rate (r=0.702, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: 99mTc-DMSA total renal uptake of diabetic patients with microalbuminuria was significantly decreased compared with that of patients of normoalbuminuria. Therefore, 99mTc-DMSA scan can be used as a diagnostic study for early detection of the diabetic nephropathy.
Creatinine ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Proteinuria ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid*

PURPOSE: We measured pulmonary epithelial permeability by Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance in patients with diabetes and correlated with the presence of microangiopathy to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary microangiopathy and evaluate Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance as a diagnostic test to assess pulmonary microangiopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed ' Tc-DTPA radioaerosol scan in 10 normal subjects, 10 asym-ptomatic smokers, 20 diabetic patients without history of smoking (10 with microangiopathy, 10 without microangiopathy). Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2) was calculated, then compared with the result of chest radiography and pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Chest radiography and pulmonary function test were normal in all subjects. There were no significant difference of clinical or laboratory characteristics between these groups except age. The diabetic patients with micraangiopathy were significantly older (p<0.05). The T1/2of normal subjects and asyrnptomatic smokers were significantly different (65.2+23.7min vs 39.6+9.8min, p<0.05). For diabetic patients with microangiopathy, the T, was 90 5+46.5min and significantly delayed when compared with those of normals and asymptomatic smokers (p<0.05). However, the T1/2of diabetic patients without microangiopathy, 70.0+12.7 min, was not significantly different from those of normals or asyrnptomatic smokers (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the T1/2and spirometric parameters including DLcc>, FVC, FEV>, FEV(/FVC (%) and FEF)5-75g in all subjects, and between the T1/2 and duration of diabetes in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: Eventhough the influence of age cant be excluded, delayed Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2)in diabetic patients with microangiopathy indicates decreased pulmonary cspillary permeability as one of the pathophysiologic results of pulmonary microangiopaththy. Further studies are needed in larger number of age matched control and diabetic patients to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Humans ; Permeability ; Radiography ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate ; Thorax

PURPOSE: We performed this study to evaluate the changes of gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) in diabetic patients with or without autonomic neuropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 37 diabetic patients (25 women, 12 men, mean age 51 years) and 24 normal controls (10 women, 14 men, mean age 38 years). After intravenous injection of 185 MBq of 99mTc-DISIDA, serial anterior abdominal images were acquired before and after fatty meal. Regions of interest were applied on gallbladder and right hepatic lobe on 60 and 90 minute images to calculate GBEF. RESULTS: GBEF was significantly reduced in diabetes with autonomic neuropathy (43+/-12.3%) and without autonomic neuropathy (57.5+/-13.2%) compared with normal controls (68+/-11.6%, p <0.05). And also, GBEF was significantly reduced in diabetes with autonomic neuropathy compared with diabetes without autonomic neuropathy (p <0.05). Fasting blood glucose level, age, sex, hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, serum lipid level were not different in these two diabetic patient groups (p>0.05). When 50.2% of GBEF was used as the criteria for diabetic autonomic neuropathy, the sensitivity and specificity were 80%, 76.5%, respectively. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.846. CONCLUSION: GBEF of diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy was significantly reduced than that of diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy.
Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Fasting ; Female ; Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Meals ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin*

To measure the mutagenic activity of micro-organic pollutants in drinking water, mutagenic test was conducted using Salmnella typhimurium TA 98 strain on the water sample taken from three water supply station and six tap water in Seoul in July and November 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The average amounts of organic matters in raw, treated, and tap water sampled in July were 0.38mg/l, 0.28mg/l, and 0.45mg/l, respectively, and sampled in November were 0.34mg/l, 0.24mg/l, and 0.22mg/l, respectively. The amount of organic matters of tap water sampled in November did not increase while that of tap water sampled in July increased compare to those of raw or treated water. 2. The amount of organic matters is the highest in neutral fraction compare to acidic and basic fractions. 3. In the five out of six tap water and raw water of Paldang and Kuui station sampled in July, the mutagenic ratios were greater than two (both direct and indirect mutagenicity). 4. In the three out six tap water and raw and treated water of Kuui station sampled in November, the mutagenic ratios were greater than two. 5. While mutagenic were low in acidic and basic fraction, they were high in neutral fraction. The samples which had high mutagenic activity in the total amount also showed high mutagenic activity in neutral fraction. 6. While mutagenic activity was decreased after the treatment of water, it was increased in tap water as the distance from the water supply station increases.
Drinking Water* ; Drinking* ; Seoul* ; Water ; Water Supply

PURPOSE: Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography has been validated as an useful non-invasive diagnostic tool for the primary breast cancer. But most studies have included small population of patients. We have experienced a large study population and investigated the diagnostie usefulness of Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography in detection of primary breast cancer and axillary Iymph node metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 30S patients who underwent scintimammography for palpable breast masses or abnormal radiologic findings. Tc-99m MIRI scintirnammography was performed 10 minutes after intravenous injection of 925 MBq of Tc-99m MIBI. If the early image revealed abnormal finding, 3 hour delayed image was also acquired. We calculated early and delayed lesion to non-lesion ratios (L/N). The pathologic diagnosis was obtained from surgical operation or F.4AB and compared with the results of Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography. RESULTS: Malignant breast diseases were 155 and benign ones were 150. Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography revealed 132 true positive, 23 false negative, 10 false positive, and 140 true negative cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for the primary breast cancer detection were 85.2%, 93.4%, 92.9%, and 85.9%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values of Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography in detecting metastatic axillary lymph node involvement were 22%, 90.4%, 61.9% and 62.3%, respectively. Early L/N of malignant breast disease was significantly higher than that of benign one (2,44+/-0.97 vs 1.94+/-0.78, p=0.01). Delayed L/N had no significant difference between malignant an Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic role of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin in detection of breast cancer and compared with that of 99mTc-MIBI. MATERAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients with a clinically palpable mass or abnormal mammographic or ultrasonographic findings had 99mTc-MIBI and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin scintimammographies after intravenous injection of 925 MBq of radiopharmaceuticals. The scintimammographs were correlated with histopathologic findings. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were diagnosed with breast cancer and 15 patients with benign breast diseases. The numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative cases of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography were 29, 10, 5, and 4 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammographies were 87.8%, 66.7%, 85.3%, and 71.4% respectively. The numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative cases of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin were 31,10, 5, and 2 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin were 93.9%, 66.7%, 86.1%, and 73.3% respectively. One patient was false negative in both 99mTc-MIBI and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin scintimammographies and its size was 0.5cm. CONCLUSION: 99mTc-Tetrofosmin and 99mTc-MIBI were non-invasive and useful in detection of breast cancer and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin was comparable to the 99mTc-MIBI in detection of primary breast cancer.
Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Succimer* ; Thymoma*

No abstract available.
Dimethylformamide* ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver*