No abstract available.
Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.

Myasthenia gravis(MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody and weakness of voluntary muscles. The pathogenesis of MG is decreased numbers of acetylcholine receptors at postsynaptic membranes of neuromuscular junctions. It has been reported that MG often coexists with other autoimmune disorders. This is a case report of systemic lupus erythematosus coexisting with MG in a 23 year old female patient presenting with dysarthria, dysphagia, and limb weakness. We report the case with relevant literature review.
Deglutition Disorders ; Dysarthria ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Membranes ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Neuromuscular Junction ; Receptors, Cholinergic ; Young Adult

We report a case of trichoblastic fibroma involving the scrotum in a 60-year-old man. Trichoblastic fibroma is very rare and benign trichogenic tumor that has both epithelial and mesenchymal components and histologically recount the embryologic development of the hair follicle. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination.
Diagnosis ; Fibroma* ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Scrotum*

Although scaling is the primary method for improving oral health, it is also associated with dental fear. The objective of this study was to empirically verify whether the use of gel anesthetic within the gingival sulcus during scaling relieves pain and improves other factors. A total of 128 patients scheduled to undergo scaling at a dental clinic of a general hospital located in the Gyeonggi Province, between July 2014 and July 2015, were enrolled in the study. The participants underwent scaling following the application of 20% benzocaine gel or placebo gel anesthetic within the gingival sulcus, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. There was a significant difference in the severity of pain, participant satisfaction, perceived sensitivity, overall discomfort, and fear of scaling between the two groups. The two groups were compared in terms of perceived need for gel anesthesia, willingness to pay for anesthesia costs, and willingness to receive scaling in the future. There were significant differences in all the three parameters depending on whether gel anesthesia was used or not. There were significant differences between the two groups in perceived sensitivity immediately after scaling and one day after scaling, with no difference seen one week after scaling. With regards to overall discomfort over time, there were significant differences between the two groups immediately after scaling. Based on these findings, we expect that application of gel anesthetic within the gingival sulcus during scaling will reduce pain, perceived sensitivity, overall discomfort, and fear of scaling with increased satisfaction.
Anesthesia* ; Benzocaine ; Dental Anxiety ; Dental Clinics ; Dental Scaling ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Methods ; Oral Health

PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes of tear film and ocular surface in keratoconus patients. METHODS: Twenty-eight eyes of 18 patients with keratoconus and 32 eyes of 16 normal subjects were included. We performed corneal sensitivity test, tear film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test, fluorescein and rose bengal staining, and conjunctival impression cytology, and compared the results between the two groups. According to the central corneal power, we classified the patients into 3 groups and compared these parameters between groups. RESULTS: Corneal sensitivity was 5.56 +/- 0.34 mm and 5.88 +/- 0.25 mm (p<0.001), BUT was 9.64 +/- 2.51 sec and 10.69 +/- 2.89 sec (p=0.008), basal tear secretion was 9.00 +/- 3.06 mm and 10.88 +/- 3.95 mm (p=0.025), fluorescein staining score was 1.43 +/- 1.87 and 0.69 +/- 1.20 (p=0.105), and rose bengal staining score was 0.86 +/- 0.97 and 0.22 +/- 0.55 (p=0.003) in the patients and control subjects, respectively. The degree of conjunctival squamous metaplasia was 1.04 +/- 0.51 and 0.62 +/- 0.43 (p=0.039), and goblet cell density was 762.65 +/- 76.32 cells/mm2 and 880.21 +/- 82.06 cells/mm2 (p=0.041) in the patients and control subjects respectively. All parameters except basal tear secretion and fluorescein staining score were related to the severity of keratoconus. CONCLUSIONS: Tear film and ocular surface changes in patients with keratoconus are composed of decreased corneal sensitivity, decreased quantity and quality of tear film, and damages to corneal and conjunctival epitheliums, which are similar to the findings in keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Epithelium ; Fluorescein ; Goblet Cells ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ; Keratoconus* ; Metaplasia ; Rose Bengal ; Tears*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with extra-hepatic bile duct cancer (EHBDC) and identify the prognostic factors for local control and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2001 and December 2010, we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 70 patients with EHBDC who had undergone curative resection and received postoperative radiotherapy. The median radiation dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 41.4 to 54 Gy). The resection margin status was R0 in 30 patients (42.9%), R1 in 25 patients (35.7%), and R2 in 15 patients (21.4%). RESULTS: The 5-year rates of overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and locoregional control (LRC) for all patients were 42.9%, 38.3%, and 61.2%, respectively. The major pattern of failure was distant relapses (33 patients, 47.1%). A multivariate analysis showed that the postradiotherapy CA19-9 level, radiation dose (> or =50 Gy), R2 resection margins, perineural invasion, and T stage were the significant prognostic factors for OS, EFS, and LRC. OS was not significantly different between the patients receiving R0 and R1 resections, but was significantly lower among those receiving R2 resection (54.6%, 56.1%, and 7.1% for R0, R1, and R2 resections, respectively). CONCLUSION: In patients with EHBDC who had undergone curative resection, a postoperative radiotherapy dose less than 50 Gy was suboptimal for OS and LRC. Higher radiation doses may be needed to obtain better LRC. Further investigation of novel therapy or palliative treatment should be considered for patients receiving R2 resection.
Bile Duct Neoplasms* ; Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Palliative Care ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy* ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

The goals of developments in nuclear medicine instrumentation are to offer a higher-quality image and to aid diagnosis, prognosis assessment or treatment planning and monitoring. It is necessary for physicists and engineers to improve or design new instrumentation and technique, and to implement, validate, and apply these new approaches in the practice of nuclear medicine. The researches in physical properties of detectors and crystal materials and advance in image analysis technology have improved quantitative and diagnostic accuracy of nuclear medicine images. This review article presents recent developments in nuclear medicine instrumentation, including scatter and attenuation correction, new detector technology, tomographic image reconstruction methods, 511 keV imaging, dual modality imaging device, small gamma camera, PET developments, image display and analysis methods.
Diagnosis ; Gamma Cameras ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Nuclear Medicine* ; Prognosis

Gastrointesinal polyp is a premalignant lesion, it is recommanded to be removed. Endoscopic polypectomy has long been considered as a safe and effective method for removal of polyps. One hundred forty eight endoscopic gastrointestinal polypectomy were done in 111 patients who visited Chungnam National University Hospital from January in l991 to August in l993, and clinical character including histopathology were evaluated. (continue...)
Chungcheongnam-do ; Humans ; Pathology ; Polyps

A large number of studies have indicated associations between particulate air pollution and daily mortality. Daily measurements of total suspended particulates (TSP) by high volume air sampler were matched to daily death counts supplied by the National Statistics Office, Korea. All deaths, except deaths from accidents, occurred at Ulsan from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 1994 were considered in the poisson regression analysis. The multiple regression models were used to investigate a main effects of air particulate pollution controlling for SO2 levels, air temperature, relative humidity, seasonal variation, and calendar year. The results indicated that the effects of TSP, SO2, temperature, and relative humidity were not significantly associated with all cause mortality. It could, however, be emphasized that the size of the parameter estimate of TSP was very similar to that of previous studies. An increase in particulates of 100microgram/m4 was associated with a 3% increase in mortality. This relationship was observed at TSP levels well below the current National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 150microgram/m4 in Korea as well.
Air Pollution ; Humidity ; Korea* ; Mortality* ; Seasons ; Ulsan*