No abstract available.

No abstract available.

A fluorescence bronchoscope system has been developed for detecting early lung cancer including dysplasia and carcinoma in situ. To determine the histologic findings and genetic alterations of the lung tissues, which were biopsied by the fluorescence bronchoscope, we analyzed 104 specimens from 62 heavy smokers for their histopathology, cell proliferation index, and genetic mutations of p53 and K-ras. We used immunohistochemistry for MIB-1 and p53, and PCR-SSCP and direct DNA sequencing for p53 and K-ras. The histology was variable from reactive conditions to invasive cancers, and consisted of basal cell hyperplasia (26.9%), dysplasia (4.8%), carcinoma in situ (1.9%), squamous cell carcinoma (7.7%), adenocarcinoma (4.8%), and small cell carcinoma (10.6%). The cellular proliferation index of the lesions increased as their aggressiveness increased. p53 and K-ras mutations were detected in 33.7% and 14.4% of all tissues, respectively. In dysplasia, p53 and K-ras mutations were observed in 3 of 5 and in 2 of 5 tissues, respectively. However, these genetic alterations were not found in carcinoma in situ. Interestingly, 28.6% of basal cell hyperplasia showed p53 mutations. In conclusion, these data suggest that the biopsy specimens using fluorescence bronchoscopy show variable histologic findings, ranging from reactive conditions to invasive cancers. In addition, some of the dysplastic lesions are related to p53 and K-ras mutations, although these genetic alterations are also seen in basal cell hyperplasia.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy* ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Proliferation ; Fluorescence* ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

A 25-year-old 7 month pregnant woman with mitral stenosis was hospitalized because of life threatening hemoptysis dispite intensive medical treatment. Emergency mitral commissurotomy resulted in prompt cessation of hemorrhage and at nine months follows-up, the hemoptysis has not recurred. Mitral valve surgery appears to be consitently associated with rapid and sustained cessation of hemoptysis. Therefore, surgery should be considered in hemoptysis due to mitral stenosis, particulary when the danger of asphyxiation exists.
Adult ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Hemoptysis* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pregnant Women

A night blood survey was carried out among inhabitants aged over 1 year from the fifteen villages throughout Cheju-Do (Quelpart Island). Blood films from 2,139 persons were examined and 183(8.6 percent) showed microfilariae, the incidences varying according to geographical sources are from 0.8 to 19.5 per cent. All the microfilariae found in this survey were of the nocturnal periodic Brugia malayi. The microfilarial density was 1.9 per cent of blood. The age and sex distributions of microfilaria rate in Cheju-Do were not distinctly different. On the other hand, the intradermal test using Dirofilaria antigen (FPT antigen) and clinical survey of filariasis were also undertaken in same areas of microfilaria survey. Out of 2,449 inhabitants examined 1,434(58.6 percent) persons showed positive reaction of skin test, 503(20.5 percent) persons have clinical manifestations and 112 (4.6 percent) persons showed elephantiasis . It is assumed that Aedes togoi may be the most probable vector of B. malayi in the areas of Cheju-Do.
parasitology ; helminth ; nematoda ; Brugia malayi ; epidemiolgy ; filariasis ; intradermal test ; blood

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction* ; Herpes Zoster*

No abstract available.
Abdominal Pain ; Colonoscopy ; Detergents ; Eating

PURPOSE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high risk for postoperative thromboembolic complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to other surgical diseases, but the relationship between VTE and CRC in Asian patients remains poorly understood. The present study examined the incidence of symptomatic VTE in Korean patients who underwent surgery for CRC. We also identified risk factors, incidence and survival rate for VTE in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were identified from the CRC database treated from January 2011 to December 2012 in a single institution. These patients were classified into VTE and non-VTE groups, their demographic features were compared, and the factors which had significant effects on VTE and mortality between the two groups were analyzed. RESULTS: We analyzed retrospectively a total of 840 patients and the incidence of VTE was 3.7% (31 patients) during the follow-up period (mean, 17.2 months). Histologic subtype (mucinous adenocarcinoma) and previous history of VTE affected the incidence of VTE on multivariate analysis. There was a statistically significant difference in survival rate between the VTE and non-VTE group, but VTE wasn't the factor affecting survival rate on multivariate analysis. Comparing differences in survival rate for each pathologic stage, there was only a significant difference in stage II patients. CONCLUSION: Among CRC patients after surgery, the incidence of VTE was approximately 3% within 1 year and development of VTE wasn't a significant risk factor for death in our study but these findings are not conclusive due to our small sample size.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sample Size ; Survival Rate ; Venous Thromboembolism*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the anatomical relation between anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa, and thus help prevent complications during dacryocystorhinostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty three people without previous history of trauma, surgery, or paranasal sinus disease were randomly selected, and the 106 lacrimal sac fossas of these subjects were evaluated by high resolution CT. A series of three 2-mm thick axial sections at least 2 mm from the inferior orbital wall were obtained. The bony landmarks of the lacrimal sac fossa were established and the location of the most anterior ethmoid sinus was classified as one of three types. In type 1, no sinuses were anterior to the posterior lacrimal crest. while in type 2, sinuses extended anterior to this crest but remained behind the suture at the anterior edge of the lacrimal bone. In type 3, sinuses extended into the frontal process of the maxilla, anterior to the lacrimal bone suture. In addition, the category of both orbits of the same patient was compared. RESULTS: Among the 106 orbits examined, only seven (6.6%) were classified as type 1, with no ethmoid air cells positioned under the lacrimal sac fossa. Seventy six (71.7%) qualified as type 2, while the remaining 23 (21.7%) were type 3, demonstrating anterior ethmoid air cells within the nasal process of the maxilla. The position of the air cells was symmetric in 41 of the 53 subjects (77.4%) and asymmetric in 12 (22.6%). CONCLUSION: In cases involving surgery of the lacrimal sac fossa, such as dacryocystorhinostomy, a knowledge of the consistent anatomic relationship between the anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa is invaluable.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Sutures

PURPOSE: To evaluate the anatomical relation between anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa, and thus help prevent complications during dacryocystorhinostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty three people without previous history of trauma, surgery, or paranasal sinus disease were randomly selected, and the 106 lacrimal sac fossas of these subjects were evaluated by high resolution CT. A series of three 2-mm thick axial sections at least 2 mm from the inferior orbital wall were obtained. The bony landmarks of the lacrimal sac fossa were established and the location of the most anterior ethmoid sinus was classified as one of three types. In type 1, no sinuses were anterior to the posterior lacrimal crest. while in type 2, sinuses extended anterior to this crest but remained behind the suture at the anterior edge of the lacrimal bone. In type 3, sinuses extended into the frontal process of the maxilla, anterior to the lacrimal bone suture. In addition, the category of both orbits of the same patient was compared. RESULTS: Among the 106 orbits examined, only seven (6.6%) were classified as type 1, with no ethmoid air cells positioned under the lacrimal sac fossa. Seventy six (71.7%) qualified as type 2, while the remaining 23 (21.7%) were type 3, demonstrating anterior ethmoid air cells within the nasal process of the maxilla. The position of the air cells was symmetric in 41 of the 53 subjects (77.4%) and asymmetric in 12 (22.6%). CONCLUSION: In cases involving surgery of the lacrimal sac fossa, such as dacryocystorhinostomy, a knowledge of the consistent anatomic relationship between the anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa is invaluable.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Sutures