Sepsis is systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)associated with the presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxin.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)is an important component of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria and has a pivotal role in inducing Gram negative sepsis.Macrophages play an essential role in infection and inflammation.Specific recognition of LPS is of particular importance in the defense system and pattern recognition receptors(PRR)have been considered to be important in initial steps for cellular recognition of LPS and consequence initiation of LPS responses.In the past few years,intense research in the fields of PRR and their recognition mechanism has been achieved.In this review,we attempt to expound recent research advances of macrophage PRRs for LPS recognition and their mechanism.

Objective To analysisthe evaluation clinical effects and complications of retrograde peroneal artery perforators and retrograde posterior tibial artery fascia pedicle flap perforators fascia pedicle flap for the re-pair of the leg and foot skin defect effect. Methods In January 2010 to January 2015,patients with leg and foot skin defect effect in our hospital administrated withperoneal artery perforators and retrograde posterior tibial artery fascia pedicle flap perforators fascia pedicle skin flap were retrospectively analyzed.Flap survival,necrosis rate, the function of the skin flap and complications were analyzed. Results The one stage flap survival rate of peroneal artery group(84.6%)is higher than the posterior tibial artery group(57.69%),the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between the flap function index(pain,activity limita-tion,wearing shoes,functional recovery satisfaction)score and posterior tibial artery group(P>0.05). The occur-rence of hyperplastic scar,itching,pigmentation,skin graft,numbness,skin graft abnormal pain complication rates inperoneal artery group were significantly lower than the posterior tibial artery ,and the difference was statisti-cally significance(P < 0.05). Conclusion Retrograde peroneal artery perforators and retrograde posterior tibial artery fascia pedicle flap perforators fascia pedicle flap can effectively repair skin and soft tissue defect ,retrograde peroneal artery perforators shows with higher survival rate and less complication.

Isoflavones as a kind of phytoestrogen exist in soy plant widely. With the advantages of estrogen, they can regulate endocrine function of the human body, reduce blood cholesterol, decrease the incidence of coronary heart disease, prevent osteoporosis, inhibit tumor growth, and relieve pain. This article summarized the investigations on the medical value of isoflavones in recent years.

Food Safety ; International Cooperation ; Risk Assessment

Consumer Product Safety ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Legislation, Food ; Toxicology

Humans ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Health Services ; World Health Organization

China ; Consumer Product Safety ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Food ; Legislation, Food ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Assessment

Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Public Health Practice

A new method based on convolution kernel compensation (CKC) for decomposing multi-channel surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals is proposed in this paper. Unsupervised learning and clustering function of self-organizing map (SOM) neural network are employed in this method. An initial innervations pulse train (IPT) is firstly estimated, some time instants corresponding to the highest peaks from the initial IPT are clustered by SOM neural network. Then the final IPT can be obtained from the observations corresponding to these time instants. In this paper, the proposed method was tested on the simulated signal, the influence of signal to noise ratio (SNR), the number of groups clustered by SOM and the number of highest peaks selected from the initial pulse train on the number of reconstructed sources and the pulse accuracy were studied, and the results show that the proposed approach is effective in decomposing multi-channel sEMG signals.
Algorithms ; Cluster Analysis ; Electromyography ; Neural Networks (Computer)

Clinical medical postgraduate education is an important part of higher education in China.We analyzed the current status,major problems existed,direction of the reform and the prospect in the training system.Unifying cultivation criterion,diversifying form of academic degree system,making selection standard strict for advisors and decreasing the proportion of research work for doctors were considered as the effective measures to address these issues.