By an application of Sigma-Frankel methods, two transaminase systems, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, were found to operate at a mesurable rate in 2 species of nematodes(Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaridia galli), 5 species of trematodes (Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola hepatica, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Paramphistomum cervi and Paragonimus westermani) and 5 kinds of cestodes (Diphyllobothrium mansoni, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia pisiformis, Cysticercus cellulosae and Cysticercus pisiformis). A comparison was made of the transamination reactions in nematodes and those of trematodes and cestodes. And the significance of transaminase in these parasites is discussed in relation to protein synthesis and its utilization.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda ; transaminase ; biochemistry ; spectrophotometry ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Ascaridia galli ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Fasciola hepatica ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Paramphistomum cervi ; Paragonimus westermani ; Diphyllobothrium mansoni ; Dipylidium caninum ; Taenia pisiformis ; Cysticercus cellulosae ; Cysticercus pisiformis

The occurrence of squamous metaplasia(morule) in colorectal mucosa and adenocarcinoma, althrough rare, has been well documented. In contrast, very little mention has been given to mature squamous cells seen in colorectal polyps or adenomas. A 42-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of diarrhea and melena. Proctosigmoidoscopy revealed a 4 cm-sized polypoid tumor 20 cm above the anal verge. Colonoscopic biopsy showed tubular adenoma, and a segmental resection of sigmoid colon was done. Microscopically, the tumor was c classical tubular adenoma containing multiple solid nests of squamous cells scattered only in the neoplasm; the squamous nests were generally small, and some showed direct continuity with adenomatous glands. The squamous cells were keratinizing and had regular nuclei with no mitotic activity. The importance of this phenomenon lies in its pathologic recognition, and the findings suggest that awareness of this rare occurrence in colorectal polyps should avert such overdiagnosis, and consequently prevents unnecessary radical surgery.
Female ; Humans ; Adenoma ; Biopsy

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The endoscopic mucosal resection has now been adopted for a useful modality in both curative therapy and accurate diagnosis of early gastric cancer. A retrospective study was done to evaluate the indication and the limitation of endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer. METHODS: We studied 20 cases of early gastric cancer treated by endoscopic mucosal resection in Chungnam National University Hospital from November, 1995 to July, 1997. RESULTS: 1) The size affected the curability: 83. 3% of lesions less than 2 cm and 50. 0% of those larger than 2 cm were resected completely. 2) The depth of cancer invasion affected the curability: 87. 5% of lesion confined to mucosa were resected completely, while all of submucosal cancers were resected incompletely. 3) Among fourteen cases resected completely, three cases of lesions larger than 2 cm were residual cancer and two of those less than 2 cm were recurred locally. CONCLUSIONS: To be a curative therapy by endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer, we think that careful selection of the lesion, that is lesion less than 2cm and confined to mucosa, is necessary
Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnosis ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Methylmethacrylate*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Sinusitis*

BACKGROUND: Sex steroid hormones are believed to play an important role in the genesis and growth of uterine myoma. Several studies suggest a possible role of insulin-like growth factor(IGF) as a mediator of estradiol in uterine myama. We have recently demonstrated that some IGF binding proteins(IGFRPs) messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA) expressions in myoma are dependent on the in vivo esttogen status. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the in vitro effects of sex steroid hormones including estrogen on the IGFBPs gene expression in tissues from uterine myoma and adjacent normal myometrium. METHODS: Tissues from myoma and adjacent normal myometrium of patients with uterine myoma during early proliferative phase of menstrual cycle were cultured in the absence(control) and presence of 17b-estradiol(10M/L) or/and progesterone(10M/L) for 3 days. The IGFBPs mRNA expressions in these explants were analyzed by Nothern blot using specific human complementary deoxyribonucleic acid(cDNA) probes. RESULTS: The addition of 17b-estradiol, progesterone alone and in combination to conditioned media of explants from myoma and adjacent normal myornetrium did not result in any changes in the expression of IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, and IGFBP-6 mRNA. With progesterone addtion, lGFBP-3 rnRNA expression was significantly reduced in myoma explant but not in adjacent ncemal myometrium explant. There was no significant change in the IGFBP-3 mRNA expression with 17b-estradiol and with the combination of both 17b-estradiol and progesterone. CONCLUSION: 17b-estradiol does not affect IGFBPs gene expression in the myoma and adjacent normal myometrium explant regardless of the presence of progesterone in vitro. However progesterone alone induces a decrease in IGFBP-3 synthesis in myoma explant.
Animals ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Humans* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Leiomyoma* ; Menstrual Cycle ; Mice ; Myoma ; Myometrium* ; Progesterone ; RNA, Messenger*

OBJECTIVES: To determine if hysterectomy with or without ovarian preservation is asso-ciated with obesity in premenopausal women. METHODS: 581 women for routine check up from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1995 in the depart-m ent of Gynecology at Korea Veterans Hospital were included. The obesity was evaluated by BMI(body mass index) scores. 80% of hysterectomy were confirmed from the hospital records. The age, weight, height, blood pressure, menstr- ual history, history of DM and hypertension, social history of alcohol and smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides were checked. The 248 women with natural postmenopausal status before hysterectomy, taking hormonal replacement therapy after hysterectomy and having performed hysterectomy due to malign- ancy were excluded. RESULTS: All women performed hysterectomy were in premenopausal status in this study. Therefore, the final numbers of subjects included in the analysis was 333. Hysterectomy wit- hout ovarian preservation were performed in 58 cases and hysterectomy with ovarian pres- ervation were in 57 cases. The 218 premenopausal cases which did not performed hystere- ctomy were considered control group. BMI scores were higher in cases without ovarian pres- ervation than with ovarian preservation. And BMI score was associated with the postoper- ative duration in hysterectomy with ovarian preservation. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that hysterectomy without ovarian preservation in premeno- paussal women were associated with increased obesity, especially BMI scores.
Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Female ; Gynecology ; Hospital Records ; Hospitals, Veterans ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hysterectomy* ; Korea ; Obesity* ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate medium- and long-term developmental directions of mental hospitals. METHODS: The preliminary investigation is composed of unstructured interviews with 10 psychiatrists, literature and case investigations, and development of models for medium- and long-term developmental model. The qualitative investigation consisted of constructed interviews with seven professionals. The quantitative investigation was conducted using questionnaires, which were sent to members of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, etc. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis. RESULTS: Through the preliminary investigation we were able to make three models : community model emphasizing linkage between mental hospitals and community, specialization model stressing specializations of mental hospitals, and extension model highlighting extensions of the roles of the mental hospital. In the qualitative investigation, two of the seven professionals gave a special preference for the community model, one for the specialization model, and two for the extension model. In the quantitative investigation, the community model and the specialization model were the most favorite models, and the extension model was the least favorite model. CONCLUSION: Three developmental models could be used in planning of the medium- and long-term developmental directions of mental hospitals, although each model needs to be embodied in order to work in practice.
Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Psychiatry ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of alendronate for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis this study was taken. METHODS: This prospective randomized clinical trial examined the effects of oral alendronate and HRT(conjugated estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate), in combination and seperately, on BMD, biochemical markers of bone turnover in 79 women with low bone mass. Treatment included alendronate(10mg daily) plus HRT(group I, n=38), or HRT(group II, n=41) for 6 months. Bone density measurements were performed at months 0 and 6 at the lumbar spine. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were also measured every three months. RESULTS: Serum Osteocalcin decreased by 19.2% in group I and by 10.0% in group II at 3 months(p<0.05), and by 30.9% in group I and by 19.8% in group II at 6 months(p<0.05). Urinary deoxypyridinoline showed decrease of 19.75%(I) vs. 10.4%(II) at 3 months, 30.1%(I) vs. 20.7%(II) at 6 months, the difference was significant. Percent change of BMD measurements from baseline at 6 months in group I was 6.2% and in group II 0.6% on the lumbar spine(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment with alendronate is useful to postmenopausal women with osteoporosis by decreasing bone turnover markers, and by increasing the BMD.
Alendronate* ; Biomarkers ; Bone Density ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Medroxyprogesterone ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis* ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Prospective Studies ; Spine