No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Myxoma*

Because most of the hip fracture is endemic to an elderly population, high mortality and morbidity has been encountered due to the fatal complications such as pneumonia, thromboembolism, and decubitus ulceration. So, it is essential to achieve early ambulation with complete reduction by strong interoal fixation divices in order to reduce those complications. As early as 25 years ago McCarroll remarked that this fracture must be considered “unsolved until the incidence of aseptic necrosis and nonunion could be diminished or abolished. Since that time improved reduction method and many new strong fixation divices such as Jewett nail-plate, Massie nail, and compression hip screw have been developed to achieve more accurate reduction and rigid immobilization. The following clinical results were shown by analysis of 117 cases of hip fractures experienced in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University in the past 5 years from Jan. 1974 to Dec. 1978. 1. Femoral neck fractures were 67 cases and intertrochanteric fractures were 36 cases. 2. The most common cause of hip fractures was slip or fall (70.1%). 3. Incidence of femoral neck fracture was most frequent in the 6th decade, and that of the intertrochanteric fracture was in the 7th decade that is compared with 7th and 8th decade of Caucasian respectively. 4. Old hip fracture more than 3 weeks after trauma was in the 53.6%, and especially that of neck fracture was about 57%. 5. In the classification of the hip fractures, transcervical neck fracture was most frequent (70.1%), and unstable type (79.5%) in the intertrochanteric fracture. 6. Knowles pin was usually used in the stable neck fracture, while compression hip screw used in the unstable neck fracture. 7. Jewett nail-plate was usually used after Dimon-Hughston reduction, and compression hip screw after anatomical reduction in the unstable intertrochanteric fracture. But in the stable fracture either Jewett nail-plate or compression hip screw was usually used after anatomical reduction. 8. Endoprosthesis (26 cases), and total hip replacement arthroplasty (8 cases) were usually carried out in the old femur neck fracture treated by total hip arthroplasty was better than that by endoprosthesis. 9. Avascular necrosis was 13.3%, and nonunion 20% in the femur neck fracture. Nonunion was 12.5%, and delayed union 4.2% in the intertrochanteric fracture. With the above mentioned results, the following conclusion is obtained: 1. It is recommended that open reduction or arthriplasty of the hip should be performed if the closed reduction of the fracture of femoral neck is not adequate. 2. Graden alignment index is a good criteria for adequate reduction of femoral neck fracture. 3. Malunion induces the fate of femoral head to be avascular in the femoral neck fracture. 4. Compression hip screw is a good stabilizer for unstable intertrochanteric fracture. 5. The position of femoral endoprosthesis for delayed or inadequately reduced femoral neck fracture may be replaced by total hip replacement. The clinical result of total hip replacement is far better than that of femoral endoprosthesis In the cases of arthroplasty indication.
Aged ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Early Ambulation ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Methods ; Mortality ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Pneumonia ; Pressure Ulcer ; Seoul ; Thromboembolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bone mineral density(BMD) in Korean postmenopausal women. METHODS: We performed the retrospective study for 1,508 postmenopausal women who had menopause after 40 years of age and didn't take any hormonal agent before measuring bone mineral density. Spinal and femur neck BMD were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA, Lunar Co.). RESULTS: The mean age of the study subjects was 53.7+/-5.7 years and the average BMD of the lumbar spine(L2-L4; L24) and femur neck(FN) were 0.996+/-0.173 g/cm(2) and 0.821+/-0.133 g/cm(2), respectively. Of all subjects, 44.1%(665/1,508) had osteopenia and 14.7%(222/1,508) were already osteoporotic. The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age; 5.2% in 41-50 years of age, 15.6% in fifties, 32.5% in sixties, and 45.5% in over 70 years of age. There was no significant difference in the age-adjusted BMD between naturally menopausal women(n=828) and surgically menopausal women(n=78). The mean age at menopause of surgically menopausal women was significantly younger than that of naturally menopausal women(47.6+/-3.6 vs 49.2+/-3.5). Duration of menopause, body weight, and height were revealed to be the significant risk factors for osteoporosis. The annual bone loss rates in lumbar spine and femur neck were 1.2% and 1.1% respectively in naturally menopausal women, and 1.5% and 1.2% in surgically menopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: This study established the BMD curve and regression equation in Korean postmenopausal women according to the causes of menopause. There was no significant difference in the mean BMD and the prevalence of osteoporosis between naturally and surgically menopausal women. Duration of menopause, body weight, and height were found to be the risk factors which influence the development of the osteoporosis. So the postmenopausal women who are at increased risks of developing osteoporosis need more active interventions for preventing the osteoporotic fracture.
Body Weight ; Bone Density* ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Menopause* ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Spine

The Graf system has supposed advantages with its flexible nature, as compared with rigid fixation. But there have been no reports about effects in the adjacent motion segment after soft stabilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiologic changes occuring in the adjacent segments of the Graf system and to assess its ability stabilizing the lumbar spine. A retrospective review of radiographs and medical records was undertaken in 32 cases who had been treated with the Graf system in degenerative lumbar spinal disorders. The average age at operation was 52.5 years and the average follow up period was 49.6 months. The results of this study were as follows: clinical assesments based on the Kirkaldy-Willis criteria revealed excellent in 13 cases (40.6%), good in 16 cases (50%), fair in 2 cases (6.3%) and poor in 1 case (3.1%). Radiologically we analysed the adjacent segments in 25 cases except the cases which did not have the correspondence between the clinical findings and the radiological findings, and the fixated segments in 32 cases. The acceleration of degenerative changes were found in the above adjacent segments in 11 cases (44%) and in the below adjacent segments in 5 cases (27.7%). Also, those changes were found in the fixated segments with discectomy in 19 cases (50%) and in the fixated segments without discectomy in 9 cases (37.5%). In conclusion, we think that the Graf system in a lumbar region may biomechanically influence the adjacent segments. The mechanical effects of the device could be changed by the polyester bands which were followed for a longer period of time in the fixated segments. Therefore, randomized prospective studies comparing the Graf system to other treatement methods could provide clear indications for lumbar spinal disorders.
Acceleration ; Diskectomy ; Equidae ; Follow-Up Studies ; Lumbosacral Region ; Medical Records ; Polyesters ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Cardiomyopathies* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second*

No abstract available.
Culture Media* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans ; Humans* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women*

FISH is suggested as a possible method to detect the numerical and structural abnormalities of chromosomes in interphase nucleus. We performed this study to discuss the clinical usefulness of FISH in uncultured amniocytes and to set up the cut-off value for further study. We collected amniotic fluid samples from patients whose chromosome studies were recommended due to screen positive for Down and Edword syndrome in triple marker test using maternal serum. The centromeric probe for chromosome 18 and the locus-specific probe for chromosome 21 were used and the results were compared to their karyotypes. We could find 2 cases of trisony 21 and 2 cases of trisony 18 and the other cases represented normal karyotypes. The accuracies were 91% for disomy 18, 89% for trisomy 18, 92% for disomy 21 and 88% for trisomy 21. Therefore FISH technique is a possible method to detect the chromosomal abnormalities in uncultured amniocytes and the use of locus-specific probe for chromosome 21 would be more useful for detecting the aneuploidy of chromosome 21 than 13/21 centromeric probe.
Amniotic Fluid ; Aneuploidy ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Down Syndrome* ; Female ; Fluorescence* ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Interphase ; Karyotype ; Trisomy