The tibial plateau fracture is a common fracture in the knee joint. Tibial plateau fracture involves most always the articulating cartilage and produce the disability of the knee joint oftenly. The 25 cases of tibial fractures have been classified by Hohls method and analysed their clinical courses more than three month period. The 13 cases out of 25 had treated in conservative method such as plaster of Paris with or without closed reduction. Remaining 12 cases were treated operatively due to the failure of closed reduction or associated injury of major ligaments. More than 8 mm of depression or 5 mm split of the plateau fragment is classified as failure of closed reduction. Excellent end result is obtained in 21 cases with free of pain on walking and full range of joint motion without instability and muscle weakness, Three cases were classified as Good result with occasional pain on walking, range of joint motion is available more than 0~90 degree and good grade of muscle power without instability. One case was poor in result with instability of joint and pain on walking. The radiological end result of accurate reduction of fragment is not closely correlated with functional result in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture. The most important factor in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture is the exercises of the joint as early as possible.
Calcium Sulfate ; Cartilage ; Depression ; Exercise ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Muscle Weakness ; Tibial Fractures ; Walking

Fracture of the femoral neck occurred after internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur is very rare and have been described previously in terms of stress fracture, stress-riser fracture, Youngs modulus fracture or iatrogenic fracture in the literature. This fracture documented about 20 cases in the English literature and usually occurred in elderly patients with osteoporosis and it always occur in the subcapital region. We report a case of subcapital stress fracture of the femur occurred after internal fixation with compression hip screw of intertrochanteric femur fracture.
Aged ; Elastic Modulus ; Femur Neck ; Femur* ; Fractures, Stress* ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteoporosis

Many patients complain of near vision difficulty after PRK surgery. In the prospective study, we report the effect of PRK surgery for myopia on accommodation and binocular vision. 45 myopic eyes (39 patients, 9 males, 30 females) underwent PRK for myopia. Mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation in moderate degree myopia (group 1 < OR = -6.00D in shperical equivalent : range -2.45 ~ -6.00D) was 7.01+/-1.25D, mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation in high degree myopia (group 2 > -6.00D in spherical equivalent : range -6.10 ~ -10.75D) was 6.85+/-1.41D. Mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation of group 1 was 8.13+/-1.38D, mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation of group 2 was 7.80+/-1.33D, the difference of both groups were statistically significant(p>0.05). Mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation of all patients was 6.91+/-1.35D, mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation was 7.93+/-1.36D, the difference are statistically significant (p>0.01). 12 of 39 patients complained of near vision difficulty while reading after PRK surgery on their one eye, but 3 of them who underwent PRK surgery on their the other eye noticed the disappearance of near vision difficulty. Stereopsis was tested and 15 of 36 patient lost more than 50 sec/arc of streoacuity. Near vision difficulty was not related to the amount of myopia corrected, not related to the stereoacuity change but seemed to related to their adaptability or their reaction time of accommodation with their operated eyes.
Depth Perception ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer* ; Male ; Myopia ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Prospective Studies ; Reaction Time ; Telescopes* ; Vision, Binocular*

PURPOSE: MRI is known to be an effective imaging modality of the aorta and its role is steadily increasing in the evaluation of acquired aortic diseases including aortic dissections and aortic aneurysms. However, differentiation of the aortic dissections with thrombosed false lumen from the aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus in MRI has not been easy. Therefore, the authors tried to find the characteristic MR featrses which would to differentiate the two diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 6 patients with thrombosed aortic dissection and 7 patients with thrombosed aortic aneurysms were reviewed retrospectively and compared in regand to shape and extent of thrombus, dimension of aorta, and luminal flow signal. RESULTS: Thrombosed aortic dissections showed sharply demarcated crescent shaped aortic wall thickening of even thickness involving long segment of the aorta, whereas thrombosed aortic aneurysms showed irregular aortic wall thickening of uneven thickness localized in the short dilated segment of the aorta. Characteristically aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus showed eccentric intraluminal slow flow signal. In contrast to the signal void of the true lumen in aortic dissections, the residual lumen of the aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus revealed intraluminal signal due to slow flow. CONCLUSION: Familiarity to these MRI findings of thrombosed aortic dissections and aortic aneurysms may lead to the accurate differential diagnosis in majority of cases.
Aorta ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Aortic Diseases ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Phenobarbital ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombosis

We evaluated preoperative characteristics, intraoperative problems, and postoperative complications among the patients who underwent phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation by one surgeon. Eyes with postoperative visual acuity was lower than preoperatively or less than 0.4 on Han`s visual acuity chart were designated Group A, 68 eyes (16.4%), and the remaining eyes were Group B, 46 eyes (83.6%). Preoperative characteristics in Group A were uveitis (16.2%), diabetic retinopathy (13.2%), glaucoma (11.8%), macular abnormality (11.8%), etc. Intraoperative complications, posterior capsule reptures with vitreous loss occurred in 21 eyes (5.1%). 8 eyes (11.8%) of the 21 eyes were Group A, 13 eyes (3.8%) were Group B, and the difference between both groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Postoperatively, cystoid macular edema was occurred in 12 eyes (2.9%). 11 eyes (16.2%) of 12 eyes were Group A, 1 eye (0.3%) was Group B, and the difference between both groups were statistically significant (p<0.01) and 4 eyes were preceded by posterior capsule rupture. From the above results, we recognized the importance of avoiding posterior capsule rupture with vitreous loss. If it does occur, we recommend that meticulous anterior vitrectomy be performed. Following these guidlines should reduce the rate of unsuccessful cataract sugery.
Cataract* ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Macular Edema ; Phacoemulsification ; Postoperative Complications ; Rupture ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Granulosa cell tumors are uncommon neoplasm of ovary that are characterized by their long natural history and for their tendency to recur years after an aparrent clinical cure. Endometrial cancer occurs in association with these tumor in at least 5% of cases and 25%-50% are associated with endometrial hyperplasia. In this study, we present a case of granulosa cell tumor of right ovary with endometrial cancer after left oophrectomy.
Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Natural History ; Ovary*

Retroperitoneal tumors are relatively rare, accounting for 0.2% of all cancers; many different histologic types are present, and primitive retroperitoneal germ cell tumors constitute a small miniority of about 3%. Most primary extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) arise from the mediastinum of retroperitoneum in young males. The authors experienced a case of primary extragonadal mixed germ cell tumor with a 43-year-old woman complaining left lower abdominal pain. With the case report, a brief review was made.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Female ; Germ Cells* ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal*

Mllerian adenosarcoma of uterus usually present as pedunculated endometrial masses in postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding. Extraendometrial variants are much less common. A 50-year-old woman, after total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to adenomyosis and benign ovarian mass, presented with protruding mass through vagina. The mass, originated from vaginal stump, was diagnosed as Mllerian adenosarcoma. We report a case of extrauterine Mllerian adenosarcoma with a review of literatures.
Adenomyosis ; Adenosarcoma* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy*

Objective To optimize a W/O microemulsion formulation of troxerutin and evaluate its physical properties such as morphology, droplet size, stability and content of troxerutin. Methods The W/O microemulsion was optimized using a pseudoternary phase diagram and the area of the microemulsion region was used to screen and determine microemulsion components.HPLC assay was used for determination of the loading content. Results The optimal formulation contained lecithin, ethanol, isopropyl myristate and water (23.30:11.67:52.45:12.59).The microemulsion was physicochemically stable with round shape and uniform size, and the mean droplet size was about 50. 20 nm. Conclusion Microemulsion was developed successfully.It will expect to be the new preparation for troxerutin.