No abstract available.
Infection Control*

No abstract available.
Mediastinum*

The distribution of glycogen, polysaccharide, mucopolysaccharide, lipid and nucleic acid has been studied in Echinorhynchus gadi(Acanthocephala). The results were summarized as follows: Glycogen and polysaccharide was demonstrated by Bauer PAS reaction technique and was found in fertilization membrane in ovum, central nuclear mass in acanthor and lemnisci, hypodermis in cystacanth. Mucopolysaccharide was demonstrated by Mowry alcian blue staining technique and was found in outer membrane, fibrillar coat, fertilization membrane and inner membrane in acanthocephalan ova. Lipid was demonstrated by Smith Nile blue stain and Lison Sudan black B staining technique and was found roughly parallel to that of polysaccharide. Nucleic acid was demonstrated by Rosenbeck Feulgen reaction, Taft methylgreen-pyronin stain and Diengdoh acridine orange staining technique and found in central nuclear mass in acanthor, also, was found in lemnisci, proboscis and hypodermis in cystacanth.
parasitology-Acanthocephala ; histochemistry ; Echinorhynchus gadi ; glycogen ; mucopolysaccharide ; lipid ; nucleic acid

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: Although the use of cytology in screening has reduced morbidity and mortality from invasive cervical cancer, there has been limitation because of the low sensitivity and high false negative rate in the detection of preclinical or clinical disease of the cervix. This study was performed to explore the usefulness of Hybrid Capture System HPV DNA test as a diagnostic method of the cervical cancer. METHODS: Cervical cytology and Hybrid Capture System 1 (HCS1) HPV DNA test were performed in 1,023 women who visited Gynecologic Oncology Clinic in Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center. HPV DNA were retested by HCS1, HCS2 and Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), in randomly selected 200 women to compare these DNA tests. RESULTS: While the sensitivity and specificity of cervical cytology in detection of cervical lesion were 71.2% and 89.5%, those of HCS1 HPV DNA test were 63.0% and 86.9% respectively. There was significant difference in detection of cervical precancerous lesions between HCS1 and HCS2 (P<0.05), but not between HCS2 and PCR (P=0.14). And the sensitivity and specificity were improved with combining cytology and HCS1 HPV DNA test(82.2%, 86.9%~). CONCLUSION: HCS HPV DNA test may be considered as a useful adjunctive test with cervical cytology in cervical cancer screening.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cervix Uteri ; DNA ; Female ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; Mortality ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To report a case of Serratia marcescens endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. CASE SUMMARY: A 64-year-old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease was referred with right ocular pain and reduced vision 1 day after cataract surgery. On admission, hypopyon on anterior chamber by slit lamp examination and anterior vitreous was hazy according to ultrasonography. We immediately performed intravitreal antibiotics injection and microbiological analysis of anterior chamber and vitreous samples was performed. On day 3, persistent cornea stormal infiltration and cornea perforation were visible and the organism was identified as S. marcescens. Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment the eye continued to deteriorate. CONCLUSIONS: S. marcescens endophthalmitis was diagnosed and treated immediately, but rapid progression and outcome were unsatisfactory.
Anterior Chamber ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cataract* ; Cornea ; Corneal Perforation* ; Endophthalmitis* ; Eye ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification ; Serratia marcescens* ; Serratia* ; Vision, Low

No abstract available.
Hematoma*

BACKGROUND: To determine whether multiple short-term surveillances are as effective as long-term surveillance for estimating the incidence rates of nosocomial infections (NIs), we prospectively performed 9-month surveillance in four intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS: NI surveillance was performed prospectively from November 2002 through July 2003, with long-term surveillance performed over the 9-month period, and short-term surveillance performed during the middle 3 weeks of each calendar quarter. The incidence rate of NIs or device-associated infections was calculated as the number of infections per 1,000 patient-days or device-days. RESULTS: We observed no significant differences between the incidence rates of total NIs determined from these two methods (9.6 [CI95 8.2-11.3] vs 10.4 [CI95 7.5-14.4], P=.66). In addition, these two methods did not differ significantly in estimating the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (5.1 [CI95 3.4-7.6] vs 7.5 [CI95 3.8-15.0], P=.35), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (2.4 [CI95 1.7-3.4] vs 1.7 [CI95 0.7-4.1], P=.47), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (2.2 [CI95 1.4-3.4] vs 3.7 [CI95 1.9-7.4], P=.21). Plotting of the NI rates showed that the trends in multiple short-term surveillances were similar to those in long-term surveillance, except in one ICU. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that multiple short-term surveillances could replace long-term surveillance in estimating the baseline incidence rates of NIs in the circumstances of the relatively large number of patients in the ICUs, which would be especially useful in countries with limited resources.
Cross Infection* ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; Prospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections

In a double-blind clinical study, single-dose lumbar epidural blockade was instituted in 45 healthy patients undergoing cesarean section. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Each group received treatment with a different local anesthetic solution used were 2.0% Lidocaine HCL 20 ml in group I, 0.5% Bupivacaine HCL 20 ml in group II and Lidocaine-Bupivacaine Mixture in the ratio of 1:1 20 ml in group III The injections were made at the third lumbar interspace. The local anesthetic was injected directly through 176 Tuohy needle at 1 ml/s with the bevel directed cephalad(11 ml) and caudad(9 ml), The onset times were fastest in group I and slowest in group III. The durations were shortest in group L The times reguired to reach the highest level in group I and III were shorter than group II. The Apgar scores and blood pressure changes were similar in the diifferent groups. The frequency of pain sense was highest in group II. It is concluded that Lidocaine and Lidocaine-Bupivacine Mixture are superior to Bupivacaine for lumbar epidural blockade for cesarean section.
Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Lidocaine* ; Needles ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Ring Chromosomes*