No abstract available.
Fetal Blood* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Abortion, Habitual* ; Cytogenetics* ; Family Characteristics* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Arm* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hemophilia A* ; Molecular Biology* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

No abstract available.
Ring Chromosomes*

The authors describe a male newborn with multiple congenital anomalies; craniofacial dysmorphism, bilateral cleft palate and lip, ambiguous external genitalia with absence of phallus, ventricular septal defect, agenesis of olfactory bulbs, and presence of small round cells simulating migration defect in the cerebellar white matter. Cytogenetic study demonstrated a chromosomal constitution of 47,XY, +21, +5q. Its pathological significance compared with Down's syndrome and hitherto reported partial trisomy 5q is discussed.
Abnormalities, Multiple/*genetics/pathology ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Down Syndrome/*genetics/pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Phenotype ; *Trisomy

Adriamycin has been widely used as an anticancer drug in the treatment of thyroid tumor, metastatic breast cancer, sarcoma and lymphoma. The antineoplastic effects of adriamycin result from its inhibitory action on the nucleic acid synthesis and the formation of reactive oxygen radicals by redoxcycling during its metabolic process. Adriamycin affects the normal cells of the patients and causes the undesirable side effects and the toxic effects. Thus, in this study we investigated the effect of dimethyl thiourea (DMTU), a hydroxyl radical scavenger, on the ultrastructural changes of the hepatocyte after the administration of adriamycin in the growing and adult rats. 36 Healthy male Sprague -Dawley adult rats (about 350 g) and 36 male rats at growing peroid (about 120 g) was used as experimental animals. Adriamycin (25 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally and DMTU (500 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes after the administration of adriamycin. The rats were sacrificed at 24 hours and 72 hours after the administration of adriamycin. A part of the liver from left anterior lobe was obtained and sliced into about 1 mm 3 . The specimens were prepared by the routine methods for electron microscopy. All preparations were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and observed with Hitach -600 electron microscope. The results were as follows. 1. In the hepatocytes of the adult rat dilated, segmented and ribosome detached cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, increased and dilated cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, damaged mitochondria and autophagic vacuoles were seen after the administration of adriamycin. The ultrastructural changes were progressive with the lapse of time. 2. In the hepatocyte of the growing rat dilated and ribosome detached cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, changes of mitochondria, many lysosomes and the autophagic vacuoles were observed after the administration of adriamycin. 3. DMTU alone did not affect the ultrastructures of the hepatocytes in both growing and adult rats. 4. In the hepatocytes of growing and adult rats, dilated and ribosome detached cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, dilated and increased cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, changes of mitochondria and autophagic vacuoles were seen after the combined administration of adriamycin and DMTU, but the degree of ultrastructural changes was
Adult* ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; Citric Acid ; Doxorubicin* ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth ; Hepatocytes* ; Humans ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Liver ; Lymphoma ; Lysosomes ; Male ; Metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria ; Rats* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Ribosomes ; Sarcoma ; Thiourea ; Thyroid Gland ; Vacuoles

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of neurologic music therapy (NMT) and speech language therapy (SLT) through improvement of the aphasia quotient (AQ) in post-stroke aphasic patients. METHODS: Twenty-one post-stroke, nonfluent aphasia patients who had ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke on radiologic evaluation were divided into the NMT and SLT groups. They received NMT and SLT for 1 month. Language function was assessed by Korean version-Western Aphasia Battery before and after therapy. NMT consisted of therapeutic singing and melodic intonation therapy, and SLT consisted of language-oriented therapy. RESULTS: Significant improvements were revealed in AQ, repetition, and naming after therapy in the NMT group and improvements in repetition in the SLT group of chronic stroke patients (p<0.05). There were significant improvements in language ability in the NMT group of subacute stroke patients. However, there was no significant improvement in the SLT group of subacute stroke patients. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the two therapies are effective treatments in the chronic stage of stroke and NMT is effective in subacute post-stroke aphasic patients.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Humans ; Language ; Language Therapy ; Music ; Music Therapy ; Singing ; Speech Therapy ; Stroke

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Perioperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and en copic sphincterotomy (EST) offer the ability to remove common bile duct (CBD) stones and it ean make laparoscopic cholecystectcqny possible instead of open cholecystectomy. Although ERCP accurately detects CBD stones, the associated financial costs and potential morbidity argue against its indiscriminate use. Thus, we undertook the current retrospective study to analyze our own experience in the identification of preoperative indicators of CBD stones in patients managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Between October 1994 and October 1996, 503 laparoscopic cholecystectomy were performed at Samsung Medical Center. We analyzed the value of serum biochemical tests and findings of ultrasonography in patients ted by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients underwent perigperative ERCP; 113 patients underwent preoperative ERCP with 2/113 (1.8%) failing to cannulate the ampulla; 21 patients (18.0%) had choledocholithiasis; and all patients with CBD stones were cleared by EST without major complications. The indication of ERCP for prediction of CBD stones were categorized as 4 groups; abnormal liver function tests (LFT) and duct dilatation in ultrasonography 61.9% (13/22), only abnormal liver function tests 13.6% (6/44), only duct dilatation in ultrasonography 5,9% (1/17), and normal liver function tests with normal findings in ultrasonopaphy 2.9% (1/35) in this study. In patients with CBD stones, there was no significant difference to predict CBD stones in total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase. Gallstone pancreatitis patients who had hyperamylasemia and abnornal LFT that were resolved or resolving before ERCP revealed no CBD stones (0/10, 0%). CONCLUSIONS: ERCP before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is needed in selected patients who have abnormal liver function and/or CBD dilatation on ultrasonography. Gallstone pancreatitis that is resalving or resolved clinically may not require preoperative ERCP. ERCP with EST and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective method for the management of symptomatic eholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.
Alanine Transaminase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Biliary Tract* ; Bilirubin ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Choledocholithiasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Dilatation ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Liver ; Liver Function Tests ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography