No abstract available.
Hernia, Obturator*

No abstract available.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver ; Lung ; Maxillary Sinus

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Tendons*

Aneurysms of the coronary arteries are rare. They may be due to atheroselerosis, mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, mycotic emboli, syphilis or trauma and occasionally they are congenital. The prognosis appears to be poor and death can occur suddenly from rupture of the aneurysm, peripheral coronary embolism or bacterial endocarditis. Recently surgical treatment has been successful. In a 5 year old patient with ventricular septal defect, two aneurysmal sacs located at the cardiac crux and just posterior to it was proved by coronary angiography and MRI, and successfully excised at operation.
Aneurysm* ; Child, Preschool ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Embolism ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Syphilis

The pulsed dye laser(Technomed pulsolith) with a wave-length of 504nm was irradiated directly in vitro on four human ureters which were obtained by ureteronephrectomy. The irradiation was at 5Hz with a pulse energy of 40 to 100mJ and total pulse count of 200 to 1000. Immediately after irradiation, the ureteral tissues were fixed with formalin solution and H&E stain. The extent of tissue damage was examined with light microscope. In this experimental study, we observed that mucosal damage occurred from pulse energy of 60mJ, total pulse rate of 600 and submucosal damage occurred from pulse energy of 80mJ, total pulse rate of 800. But We believed that the pulsed dye laser was safe because most stones were fragmented at less than a pulse energy of 80mJ, a total pulse rate of 800, and the ureter was irradiated indirectly during laser lithotripsy.
Formaldehyde ; Heart Rate ; Humans* ; Lasers, Dye ; Lithotripsy, Laser ; Ureter*

We found a mistake in our recently published article.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Seizures, Febrile* ; Spinal Puncture*

Splenic anomalies are commonly associated with anomalies of cardiovascular system and of other organ systems. "Polysplenia" refers to the state in which the bulk of splenic tissue is divided into two and others more equal-sized splenic masses. We experienced a case of Polysplenia associated with complicated cardiovascular anomalies(Situs ambiguus, D-loop, normally related great arteries, interrupted inferior vena cave, bilateral superior vena cava, single atrium, common A-V canal, infundibular stenosis). We have presented this rare case and reviewed brief literatures.
Arteries ; Cardiovascular System ; Vena Cava, Superior

BACKGROUND: Tourniquet pain is probably mediated by C-fiber. The ability of fentanyl to interrupt this nociceptive conduction was studied by administering either fentanyl or saline intrathecally along with hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia. METHOD: The incidence of tourniquet pain was evaluated in 60 patients having orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities during spinal anesthesia by administering either 30 mcg fentanyl (group 2) or saline (group 1) along with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg. We measured the maximal sensory spread of analgesia to pinprick, the incidence of tourniquet pain, and the sensory anesthesia to pinprick at the onset of tourniquet pain. RESULTS: The average maximal sensory spread of analgesia was the same in both groups (T9). The incidence of tourniquet pain was significantly greater in group 1 (33%) than in group 2 (10%). The sensory levels of anesthesia at the onset of tourniquet pain were not different in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal fentanyl was effective against tourniquet pain for 2 hours of the orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Bupivacaine* ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Orthopedics ; Tourniquets*