The intramedullary nailing for the tibial fracture has been used in selected cases of fresh diaphyseal fracture and nonunion. However, with modern technical improvement such as image intensifier and interlocking, the indications have been expanded considerably. Interlocking intramedullary nailing has been popularized because it enables preservation of the range of motion of the joint, early weight bearing and early bony union. Between August, 1989 and July, 1991 interlocking nailing in the tibial fracture has been performed for 53 cases with follow up more than one year. The results were as follows; 1. All were treated with closed nailing and static locking was performed as a principle. Only three cases needed dynamization of the 47 patients treated with static locking nailing. 2. The union rate was 96.296 and mean period of fracture union was 15.2 weeks. 3. In the distal one third of fracture, rigid fixation could be achieved by adjusted length by cutting the distal end. 4. In 7 proximal tibial fractures, 4 fractures were accompanied with complications such as nonunion, angulation deformity and shortening. Therefore, interlocking nail is inadequate treatment of proximal unstable fractures. 5. In the delayed and nonunion treated by interlocking nailing, bony union was achieved in all 3 cases without bone graft and cast immobilization.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Mass Spectrometry* ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma is a rare primary malignant soft tissue tumor that has the same pathological characteristics of skeletal Ewing's sarcoma. It is known that the differential diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma from undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, and malignant lymphoma by the histologic studies only are not easy because their histologic findings are nearly similar each other. Therefore, immunohistochemical method, electron microscopic examination, cytogenetic study, or molecular gene study are used together to confirm the diagnosis. It chiefly involves the lower extremity, soft tissues of the paravertebral region, and adjacent chest wall. We recently experienced a case of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of duodenum in a 21-year old female. The patient underwent Whipple's operation and postoperative combined chemotherapy were done.
Cytogenetics ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Duodenum* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Neuroblastoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Sarcoma* ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Thoracic Wall ; Young Adult

Fowl typhoid (FT) reported since 1992 in Korea is a septicemic disease of domestic birds caused by Salmonella gallinarum (S. gallinarum). The purpose of this study was to investigate the biochemical characteristics and antimicrobials susceptibility of field isolates of S. gallinarum isolated by year in Korea. A total of 258 isolates of S. gallinarum from 1995 to 2001 showed the same pattern in the majority of biochemical test such as IMViC (indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer and citrate utilization), carbohydrate fermentation and amino acid decarboxylation, and these results were almost in accordance with the traditional biochemical characteristics of S. gallinarum strain. When the antimicrobial susceptibility test against 258 isolates of S. gallinarum was performed by the disk diffusion method using 12 antimicrobial agents, all isolates from 1995 appeared to be susceptible to all of the antimicrobial agents tested except for tetracycline and oxytetracycline, whereas the vast majority of isolates from 2001 showed the reduced susceptibility to ampicillin (13.0%), gentamicin (43.4%), kanamycin (69.6%), enrofloxacin (6.5%), ciprofloxacin (10.9%), norfloxacin (52.5%) and ofloxacin (82. 6%). The prevalence of the prevalence of completely resisyany isolates resistant isolates to one or more drugs rapidly increased from 0% in 1995 to 93.5% in 2001. The minimal concentrations range of the majority of antimicrobial agents to inhibit 50% (MIC50s) against S. gallinarum isolates increased from 0.06 -- 8 microgram/ml in 1997 to 2 -- 256 microgram/ml in 2001. Especially, MIC50s for gentamicin and fluoroquinolones of isolates from 2001 increased over 10-fold than those of isolates from 1997. Therefore, our results indicate that sorbitol fermentation and arginine decarboxylation showed the diversity by isolates and the vast majority of isolates from 2001 showed the reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials tested.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Chickens ; Korea ; *Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Poultry Diseases/microbiology ; Salmonella/*drug effects/isolation & purification ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/microbiology

Ten eels (Anguilla japonica) from a fish farm in Korea were examined and diagnosed with a Heterosporis infection. The gross lesions on the trunk were uneven and the concave parts were pasty. Histopathologically, lyses of the trunk muscles, degenerative muscle fibers and the scattered spores were observed. The sporophorocyst (SPC) contained several spores with a variety of shapes. Some SPC were disrupted and the spores in the SPC were scattered in the muscle tissues. Macrophages existed near the scattered spores. Electron microscopy revealed special structures such as sporophorocyst containing various developmental parasitic stages such as meronts, sporonts, sporophorous vesicles and spores.
*Anguilla ; Animals ; Aquaculture ; Fish Diseases/*parasitology/pathology ; Histocytochemistry/veterinary ; Korea ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission/veterinary ; Microsporidia/*growth & development/ultrastructure ; Microsporidiosis/parasitology/pathology/*veterinary ; Muscular Diseases/parasitology/pathology/*veterinary

The pleural and lesser omental effusion were commonly seen on acute or chronic recurrent pancreatitis complication. But pericardial effusion is rare complication of recurrent pancreatitis and may result to tamponade. We report a case with literature on alcoholic acute recurrent pancreatitis complicated by development of pericardial and pleural effusion, which resolved after catheter drainage.
Alcoholics ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Humans ; Pancreatitis* ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Pleural Effusion

PURPOSE: In old age, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is not a rare disease and potentially fatal. Also, there has been a lack of concern for this disease in the emergency department. Our study investigated the clinical characteristics of AAAs seen in the emergency center to assess the needs of the diagnostic approach to this disease in the emergency center. METHODS: Eighty patients with an AAA between Jan. 1995 and Jul. 2002 were enrolled. Data were obtained from a retrospective review of medical records. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the AAA on the basis of the patient 's age and sex, risk factors, presenting symptoms and signs, physical findings, diagnostic tools, and findings. RESULTS: AAAs were predominant in males (82.5%). A smoking history (57.5%), old age over 65 (71.3%) and hypertension (50.0%) were the most common risk factors. In this study, the initial diagnosis of a AAA was mostly determined by the existence of a pulsating abdominal mass, and the overall sensitivity of a pulsating abdominal mass was 57.5%. Although the most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain(51.3%), about one third of the patients had no subjective symptoms. Twenty-one of the patients had a ruptured AAA at the time of diagnosis. There was no remarkable difference in the incidence of large AAA (> 5 cm) or ruptured AAA between elderly (> 65years) and the young (< 65 years). CONCLUSION: Because of the absence or vagueness of symptoms and signs, an AAA might be initially excluded without a careful examination. For the early detection and prevention of a ruptured AAA, emergency medical doctors should carefully evaluate and assess patients with risk factors even though they have non-specific symptoms of the gastrointestinal or urinary system.
Aged ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Rare Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

Poultry red mites (PRMs), Dermanyssus gallinae, are one of the most harmful ectoparasites of laying hens. Because of their public health impact, safe, effective methods to eradicate PRMs are greatly needed. Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) was shown to eradicate phytophagous mites;however, there is no evidence that PRMs can be eradicated by CO2. Thus, the efficacy of CO2, applied by direct-spraying and dry ice-generated exposure, for eradicating PRMs was investigated. Both treatments eradicated > 85% of PRMs within 24 h and 100% of PRMs by 120 h of post-treatment. Therefore, these novel approaches may be useful for eradicating PRMs in clinical settings.

Juxtaglomerular cell tumor is a rare cause of secondary hypertension. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a clinicopathological entity associated with renal insufficiency and proteinuria. The exact diagnosis and proper management are important in both juxtaglomerular cell tumor and FSGS. We experienced a 26-year-old male who complained of a palpable abdomen mass associated with proteinuria and hypertension. Ultimately, he was diagnosed with a juxtaglomerular cell tumor combined with FSGS after nephrectomy. After operation, his hypertension normalized, while his renal function deteriorated.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Proteinuria ; Renal Insufficiency

Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a potent growth suppressor that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and cell cycle progression when overexpressed. In a previous study, we showed that VDUP1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited accelerated liver regeneration because such animals could effectively control the expression of cell cycle regulators that drive the G1-to-S phase progression. In the present study, we further investigated the role played by VDUP1 in initial priming of liver regeneration. To accomplish this, VDUP1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) and sacrificed at different times after surgery. The hepatic levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 increased after PH, but there were no significant differences between VDUP1 KO and WT mice. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) were activated much earlier and to a greater extent in VDUP1 KO mice after PH. A single injection of TNF-alpha or IL-6 caused rapid activation of JNK and STAT-3 expression in both mice, but the responses were stronger and more sustained in VDUP1 KO mice. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that VDUP1 plays a role in initiation of liver regeneration.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Hepatectomy ; Hepatocytes/*cytology/physiology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Liver/*physiology ; Male ; Mice, Knockout ; NF-kappa B/genetics/metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; *Regeneration ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Thioredoxins/*genetics/metabolism