No abstract available.
Diaphragm* ; Stomach Volvulus*

No abstract available.
Vascular System Injuries

No abstract available.
Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Quality Control*

PURPOSE: To determine the characteristic MR imaging findings of Brodie's abscess in pediatric patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 17 pediatric patients with surgically-proven or clinically and radiologically diagnosed Brodie's abscess who had undergone T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences, T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequence and gadolinum enhanced MR imaging. The MR imaging findings were analysed and classified according to the signal characteristics of the abscess and srrounding bone marrow. RESULTS: The MR imaging findings of Brodie's abscess could be classified as one of three types, as follows : Type I (10/17) was seen as a target appearance with four layers ; i.e. a center with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images; an inner rim of high signal intensity, as compared with muscle on both T1- and T2-weighted images with intense contrast enhancement; an outer rim of low signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images, and a peripheral halo of low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and variable signal intensity on T2-weighted images. In type II (4/17), there was no distinction between the center and the inner rim on T1-weighted images, but a clear distinction on contrast enhanced images by intense enhancement of the inner rim. In type III (3/17), there was no distinction between the center and the inner rim on either T1-weighted or contrast enhanced images, due to diffuse enhancement of the lesions. Additional findings of Brodie's abscess include epiphyseal plate violation (8/17), linear or tubular sinus tracts (7/17), inflammatory reaction or edema of surrounding soft tissue (7/17), periosteal reaction (1/17), and pyogenic arthritis (1/17). CONCLUSION: MR imaging is a useful diagnostic tool for the characterization and determination of the extent of Brodie's abscess. Contrast enhanced MR imaging is particularly valuable for the evaluation of type II lesions.
Abscess* ; Arthritis ; Bone Marrow ; Edema ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies

Gastropleural fistula is an uncommon condition which can be induced by a trauma, gastroesophagectomy, subphrenic abscess, malignancy, and or hiatal hernia. In the patient with a predisposing factor, gastropleural fistula must be considered when pneumothorax, pyothorax, hemothorax, or food materials in the chest tube is detected. Diagnosis can be confirmed by an esophagogastrogram or endoscopy. The prognosis is often very poor with conservative care needed, along with a fistulectomy reguiring repair of orifice. We experienced a case of gastropleural fistula treated by endoscopic injection of Histoacryl and report it here with a review of related literature.
Causality ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Empyema, Pleural ; Enbucrilate ; Endoscopy ; Fistula* ; Hemothorax ; Hernia, Hiatal ; Humans ; Pneumothorax ; Prognosis ; Subphrenic Abscess

Although metastasis from cutaneous malignant melanoma to the small intestine is not uncommon, primary small bowel melanoma (SBM) is extremely rare. This case report describes a rare case of primary SBM, diagnosed by single-balloon enteroscopy. A 74-year-old man presented with recurrent melena. Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy were unremarkable. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed an ileal mass with ileo-ileal intussusception. Subsequent single-balloon enteroscopy identified an ileal tumor, which was histologically diagnosed as melanoma. Extensive clinical examination did not reveal any primary cutaneous lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of primary SBM in South Korea.
Aged ; Colonoscopy ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Intussusception ; Korea ; Melanoma* ; Melena ; Neoplasm Metastasis

PURPOSE: The correlation between radiation dose and loco-regional control (LRC) was evaluated in patients with stage II-III esophageal cancer treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 236 stage II-III esophageal cancer patients treated with definitive CRT at Yonsei Cancer Center between 1994 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these, 120 received a radiation dose of < 60 Gy (standard-dose group), while 116 received ≥ 60 Gy (high-dose group). The median doses of radiation in the standard- and high-dose groups were 50.4 and 63 Gy, respectively. Concurrent 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin chemotherapy was administered to most patients. RESULTS: There were no differences in patient characteristics between the two groups except for high Karnofsky performance status and lower-thoracic lesions being more prevalent in the standard-dose group. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times were 13.2 months and 26.2 months, respectively. Patients in the high-dose group had significantly better 2-year LRC (69.1% vs. 50.3%, p=0.002), median PFS (16.7 months vs. 11.7 months, p=0.029), and median OS (35.1 months vs. 22.3 months, p=0.043). Additionally, LRC exhibited a dose-response relationship and the complete response rate was significantly higher in the high-dose group (p=0.006). There were no significant differences in treatment-related toxicities between the groups. CONCLUSION: A higher radiation dose (> 60 Gy) is associated with increased LRC, PFS, and OS in patients with stage II-III esophageal cancer treated with definitive CRT.
Chemoradiotherapy* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Drug Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies

An epidemiological survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of and identify the risk factors of dementia and depression in the elderly between December 1997 and August 1998 in Yonchon County, Korea. A total of 1,037 elderly aged 65 years and over underwent a two phase diagnositc procedure. Multiple stage, random cluster sampling method was used to select the subjects. Response rate was 85.4%. For the 1st stage screening survey, the Korean Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale was used as a primary screening tool, which had already been standardized in Korea, and functioning and social support were assessed by ADL, IADL and APGAR. At the 2nd stage, diagnoses were confirmed according to the DSM-III-R. And several other scales were used as supporting information for differential diagnoses and for evaluating severity. 1) Age-sex adjusted prevalence(%)[95% C.I.] of dementia was 6.83[6.12-7.54](male 6.34[5.29-7.40]female 7.09[6.14-8.04]). Prevalence of the dementia of the Alzheimer's type was 4.17[3.61-4.74](male 2.42[1.76-3.08], female 5.31[4.48-6.14]) and that of the vascular dementia was 2.38 [1.95-2.81](male 3.46[2.67-4.25], female 1.63[1.16-2.10]). 2) Age-sex adjusted prevalence(%)[95% C.I.] of depressive disorder was 10.99 [10.11-11.87] (male 7.59[6.44-8.73], female 13.46[12.20-14.73]). Among depressive disorders, prevalence(%) [95% C.I.] of major depressive disorder was 7.50[6.76-8.26](male 4.42[3.54-5.31], female 9.78 [8.68-10.88]), that of dysthymic disorder was 2.02[1.62-2.42](male 1.37[0.86-1.87], female 2.46 [1.88-3.03]) and that of depressive disorder NOS was 1.49[1.15-1.83](male 1.85[1.47-2.23], female 1.28[0.96-1.60]). 3) Five statistically significant risk factors of the dementia of the Alzheimer's type were identified: age over 85(O.R.=10.27), illiteracy(O.R.=4.01), alcohol abuse(O.R.=2.98), smoking[030(O.R.=4.60)] and family history of dementia(O.R.=4.85). 4) Three statistically significant risk factors of the vascular dementia were identified: illiteracy (O.R.=3.78), history of CVA(O.R.=26.76) and smoking over 40 pack year (O.R.=11.15). 5) Three statistically significant risk factors of the depressive disorder were identified: age between 75 and 79(O.R.=2.87), past history of CVA(O.R.=3.33) and family history of depressive disorder (O.R.=7.16).
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Dementia* ; Dementia, Vascular ; Depression* ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dysthymic Disorder ; Literacy ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Weights and Measures

Frontotemporal dementia is a common cause of dementia and distinguished from Alzheimer's disease. Because its clinical symptoms are characterized by slow progressive social breakdown and change of personality before cognitive impairments become prominent, it may be diagosed as other psychiatric disease. We have presented three cases of frontotemporal dementia. They had typical clinical histories and symptoms which deserve to be considered frontotemporal dementia. They showed appropriate findings of frontotemporal dementia in the neuropsychological tests and brain imaging study with brain magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography. Their clinical histories and findings are thought to be helpful for clinician to give attention to and diagnose frontotemporal dementia.
Alzheimer Disease ; Brain ; Dementia ; Diagnosis ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Frontotemporal Dementia* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Positron-Emission Tomography

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients with MALT lymphoma in respect to various treatment modalities and clinicopathologic characteristics, including endoscopic findings. We also tried to deduce suitable strategic guideline to treat MALT lymphoma. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 55 patients (24 males and 31 females) aged 23 to 74 years who had primary low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma that were diagnosed between May 1992 and August 2002. RESULTS: The majority of endoscopic findings showed lesions with ulceration or with color and surface change of mucosa. All but one was H. pylori positive when tested. Treatment modalities included anti H. pylori treatment, radiation, surgery and/or chemotherapy. Eradication was successful in all the 29 patients associated with H. pylori infection. Complete remission was obtained in 24 patients (82.8%). Only one patient suffered a relapse after 28 months during the follow up (2~74 months). The duration to reach complete remission was 12 months (85 percentile, 2~33 months). Six patients showed complete remission with radiation therapy. Two of them were H. pylori treatment failure cases. One of 14 patients treated by surgery displayed relapse during follow-up (12~20 months). Endoscopically, the ulcerative and/or the protruding type showed unfavorable response to anti H. pylori treatment. CONCLUSION: H. pylori eradication alone should be considered as an initial treatment for MALT lymphoma and radiation therapy could be preferred in patients with no evidence of H. pylori infection or who do not response to H. pylori eradication therapy 12 months after successful eradication.
Drug Therapy ; Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Failure ; Ulcer