No abstract available.
Meningitis, Cryptococcal*

The mechanism of vasodilation effect of GS-389, 1-(4'-methoxybenzyl)-6,7 -dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrhydroisoquinoline hydrocholoride, a possible cyclic GMP specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on rat and mouse thoracic aorta ring has been investigated. GS-389 relaxed rat and mouse thoracic aorta precontracted with phenylephrine and high K+(60mM) in concentration dependent manner. Presence or absence of endothelium did not alter the relaxing effects of it. GS-389 inhibited Ca2+-induced contraction of the high K+ or 1 uM phenylephrine. Initial phasic contraction induced by phenylephrine and caffeine in Ca2+ free solution was inhibited by GS-389. Methylene blue pretreatment suppressed relaxation effect of GS-389. Relaxation by isoproterenol or sodium nitroprusside and by acetylcholine in endotheilium preserved aorta was potentiated by concurrentadministration of GS-389. GS-389 inhibited phenylephrine-induced phosphatidylinositide hydrolysis. It is suggested that inhibition of phosphoinositide turnover associated with elevated cyclic nucleotide by GS-389 may be the possible vascular relaxation mechanism of it.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Caffeine ; Cyclic GMP ; Endothelium ; Hydrolysis ; Isoproterenol ; Methylene Blue ; Mice ; Nitroprusside ; Phenylephrine ; Rats ; Relaxation* ; Vasodilation

OBJECTIVE: Internal carotid artery (ICA) trunk aneurysms are rare constituting about 0.9 to 6.5% of all ICA aneurysms. They may arise from medial, lateral, ventral (posterior) or dorsal (anterior) walls of ICA. The most frequent site of origin is dorsomedial, followed by dorsal, dorsolateral and ventromedial wall. ICA dorsal wall aneurysms can be divided into the saccular type and blister type, which have different shapes, wall histological features and surgical tactics. The authors report an analysis of 27 cases of ICA trunk aneurysms treated with surgical clipping or GDC embolization. METHODS: Of 145 cases of ICA aneurysms from May 1998 to December 2005, we found 27 cases (17.5%) of such unusual aneurysms located at nonbranching sites of the intradural ICA. Features of neuroimagings and medical records were analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 27 aneurysms, 10 were located at ICA dorsal wall, 8 aneurysms were developed at ICA medialwall. Seven aneurysms originated from ICA ventral wall. Seven cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 20 cases were found unruptured. Two patients had blister-like aneurysm, and the others had saccular aneurysms. All patients were treated successfully with microsurgical clippings or GDC embolization. Microsurgical clipping were performed in 14 cases and among them, removal of anterior clinoid process was done in 12 cases. Eleven aneurysms were occluded with detachabel coil. Two patients underwent balloon occlusion of ICA. Blister aneurysm was clipped including a portion of the normal ICA wall. Good outcomes were obtained in 25 patients, and two patients were dead. CONCLUSION: ICA trunk aneurysms are developed at any site of ICA circumference. Therefore we consider a variety of treatment strategies. On clipping of aneurysms at proximal ICA trunk, removal of anterior clinoid process is important. Endovascular treatment may be good an alternative. However, surgical treatment is essential for blister like aneurysms.
Aneurysm* ; Balloon Occlusion ; Blister ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Medical Records ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Surgical Instruments

No abstract available.
Phenylketonurias*

We performed 75 cases of daryocystorhinostomy from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1990. A routine dacryocystography was performed prior to operation in all cases. A modified T oti's method was applied as a surgical technique "H" shaped incision was done. Both anterior and posterior flaps were sutured adequately and vaseline guaze was used as a plugging agent for 7 to 10 days Success was achieved in 72(96.0%) of 75 cases. The causes of 3-failures were organized granulation tissue and trauma.

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Follow-Up Studies*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Follow-Up Studies*

No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Fertilization* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Pregnancy*

Fundus fluorescein angiography has become a standard diagnostic test in ophthalmology. It is reported, however, that various side effects occur with intravenous administration of fluorescein sodium. After it was determined that the oral use of fluorescein sodium was harmless, it was applied to clinical cases. Fundus fluorescein photography was performed in 30 subjects. After fasting fluorescein sodium was administered in a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight followed by the ingestion of 50 ml of water. The first oral fluorogram was taken 10 minutes after peroral dye administration, and repeated 5 times at an interval of 10 minutes. The results of this study were as follows: 1. We obtained sufficient fluorescein images in 28 of the 30 subjects(93%). 2. The fluorescence in the fundus became detectable about 10 minutes after peroral administration. 3. Maximal intensity of fluorescence was usually seen at 30 minutes after peroral administration. 4. There were no adverse reactions from any subject. 5. This may be preferred in studies of children, patients with no visible veins, patients who are psychologically unsuitable for injections, unstable patients who have severe diseases(cardiovascular accident, myocardial infarction, hypertension etc) and in large scale surveys.
Administration, Intravenous ; Body Weight ; Child ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Eating ; Fasting ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fluorescein* ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Myocardial Infarction ; Ophthalmology ; Photography* ; Veins ; Water