Objective To compare and evaluate the usefulness of diagnostic tests of IFA with HEp-2 cell substrate and ELISA coated with purified nuclear antigens for ANA in SLE.Methods Sera derived from 226 SLE cases and 183 healthy controls were tested for ANA and all parameters were compared such as sensi- tivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,nega- tive likelihood ratio,result consistency,rank correlation coefficient and kappa of ANA detected by IFA and ELISA.Accuracy was evaluated by ROC for two methods.All 36 samples with different results from two meth- ods were detected for ENA.The correlation of titer to A ratio of different patterns as studied.Results The sensitivity of IFA and ELISA was 91.15% and 92.04% respectively for SLE patients,specificity was 96.17% and 92.90%,accuracy was 93.40% and 92.42%,positive predictive value was 96.71% and 94.12%,negative predictive value was 89.80% and 90.43%,no significant difference was found between the two methods (P＞0.05).No significant difference was found in accuracy of both methods by ROC (P=0.409).Good agreement was found between two methods with rank correlation coefficient (R=0.823) and kappa (k=0.825).All of 36 samples with different ANA results from two methods were detected for ENA.In 14 cases with IFA positive and ELISA negative,the titer of one case was up to 1:1000 and the pattern was Golgi by IFA,the titers of the rest were about cutoff level and the pattern were granular and nucleolus mostly.In 22 cases with IFA nega- tive and ELISA positive,11 cases of them had the A ratio ranged from 2.67～30.5.Positive rate of ENA was 14.29% in 14 cases with IFA positive and ELISA negative,68.18% in 22 eases with IFA negative and ELISA positive and the difference was significant (P＜0.01).Poor correlation of titer to A ratio for granular pattern samples (R=0.083),but good correlation for homogeneous pattern was found (R=0.595).Conclusion IFA as the recommended detecting method for ANA is intuitive and can provide more information by different pattem than ELISA but it needs fluorescence microscope and experienced technician.While ELISA is very simple and the concentration of ANA can be evaluated by A ratio value.ELISA can be a substitute method for ANA be- cause both IFA and ELISA have high sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,agreement rate,kappa and rank correla- tion coefficient.In addition,ELISA is more accessable for screen test because of low rate of false negative re- sult.Result of ELISA is more accurate if new and uncommon antigens are coated such as Golgi and nucleolus. The new work flow in which ELISA is used to screen out the positive ANA samples and IFA is used then to detect the nuclear pattern of ANA can save time,cost,and in turn improve work efficiency.

ObjectiveTo observe the inhibition effect of docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles (DLLM) combined with ultrasound targeted microbubbles destruction (UTMD) on microvessel in rabbit VX2 liver tumor models.MethodsSixty rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups (n= 10),i.e.Doc group (used docetaxel only),DLLM group (used docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles),Doc+US group (used docetaxel combined with ultrasound positioning irradiation),PLM+US group (used microbubbles combined with ultrasound positioning irradiation),DLLM+US group (used docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles combined with ultrasound positioning irradiation) and control group.The expression of CD34 and VEGF and microvessel density (MVD) were compared among different groups.ResultsAfter treatment,the expression of CD34 in DLLM+US group was lower,the MVD of DLLM+US group was markedly lower than that of the other groups (P＜0.01),while the expression of VEGF in this group was the lowest among all 6 groups (P＜ 0.01).ConclusionDLLM combined with UTMD can inhibit the generation of microvessels in rabbit VX2 liver tumor,thus inhibit the growth of the tumor.

Objective To investigate residual hearing of children with sensorineural hearing loss in whom wave V was not found in ABR testing and to emphasize the importance of behavioral audiometry in determining the residual hearing.Methods Residual hearing obtained by behavioral audiometry of 101 children with SNHL was studied in relation to the absence of wave V in both click-ABR and tone burst-ABR tests.Results All children have residual hearing of different degrees at different frequencies.There appeared to be a higher percentage of lowfrequency residual hearing than middle and high frequencies.Also,the residual hearing at low frequencies appeared to be better than those in the middle and high frequencies.Average residual hearing thresholds in the right ears from 500 to 4 000 Hz were 106.81±7.13,110.00±7.90,111.78±5.22,112.06±7.08 dB HL and those in the left ears were 98.01±3.98,111.30±7.18,112.06±7.08,108.33±7.23 dB HL.Conclusion The absence of wave V in ABR does not mean total deafness.For those children with no wave V in ABR,behavioral audiometry must be conducted to determine children's behavioral hearing thresholds in order to know their residual hearing.

Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Central Venous Pressure ; physiology ; Heart Function Tests ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Respiration, Artificial ; Shock, Septic ; pathology ; Swine ; physiology ; Venae Cavae ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary salivary gland-type lung cancer on CT.

METHODSThe CT findings of 13 pathologically proven primary salivary gland-type lung cancers (mucoepidermoid carcinoma, n = 8, adenoid cystic carcinoma, n = 5) were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThree mucoepidermoid carcinomas were located in the main bronchus, 4 in segmental bronchus, and 1 in peripheral lung. Intrabronchial nodule or mass with smooth or lobulated margin and punctuate or strip calcification (n = 2) was the main CT feature. The tumor showed moderate to significant enhancement after the administration of contrast medium. Three adenoid cystic carcinomas involved trachea, and 2 involved the main and lobular bronchi. The main CT features were diffuse or circumferential irregular thickness of the wall, distorted lumen, and nodule protruding into the lumen, and the longitudinal extent of the tumor was greater than its transverse axis.

CONCLUSIONThe CT findings of primary salivary gland-type lung cancer are rather specific and may provide helpful information for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To establish the cat models of acute morphine dependence, and explore the etiopathogenesis by investigating its electrophysiology and pathology changes of its brain tissue to provide pathological and electrophysiological evidences for clinical treatment. Methods Twelve cats were randomly divided into control group (n=3) and morphine dependent group (n=9); cats in the morphine dependent group were induced by injection of morphine hydrochloride in a daily increased manner, and at the same time, cats in the control group were injected physiological saline. After the success of model making, EEG was performed on the cortex, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in cats of the 2 groups; the changes of every encephalic region and pituitary gland were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Results Morphine dependent cat models were successfully established. EEG indicated that physiological waves decreased and pathological waves appeared frequently in cats of the morphine dependent group as compared with those in the normal ones.Physiological examinations showed that the neuronal degeneration, organelle reduction, mitochondria swelling, chromatin margination and karyopycnosis or even nuclear necrosis occurred in the cortex of every encephalic region. Conclusion Pathological changes and brain damages will appear under EEG after long-term use of morphine, which is intimately related to neuron ultramicrostructure changes.

OBJECTIVETo explore the underlying mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transfer induced cardiac function improvement in failing hearts.

METHODSCongestive heart failure (CHF) was induced in rats by cauterization of the heart wall. MSCs were cultured from autologous bone marrow and injected into the border zone and the remote myocardium 5 days after cauterization.

RESULTSTen weeks later, cardiomyocyte nucleus mitotic index, capillary density and expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly increased in the border zone and significantly reduced in the remote myocardium in CHF rats (all P<0.05 vs. sham). Besides cardiac function improvement and left ventricular remodeling attenuation evidenced by hemodynamic and echocardiographic examinations, expressions of IGF-1, HGF and VEGF in the remote myocardium and in the border zone were also significantly upregulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01 vs. CHF), and cardiomyocyte nucleus mitotic index as well as capillary density were significantly increased in CHF rats with MSCs (P<0.05 or P<0.01 vs. CHF). Moreover, collagen area was significantly reduced and myocardial area was significantly increased in the border zone in these rats too.

CONCLUSIONAutologous MSC implantation upregulated expressions of growth factors enhanced cardioangiogenesis which might be the underlying mechanisms for improved cardiac function and attenuated left ventricular remodeling induced by MSCs transplantation in failing rat myocardium.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; therapy ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Ventricular Remodeling

OBJECTIVEThe mechanism through which platelet activating factor (PAF) induces cardiac electrical activity and arrhythmia is not well understood and previous studies have suggested a potential involvement of ion channels in its action. The present study was aimed to clarify the role of PAF in fatal arrhythmias following acute myocardia infarction (AMI) and the underlying mechanism.

METHODS(1) Blood PAF levels were measured among 72 AMI patients at the time of diagnosis with AMI and 48 h later, and their electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded continuously. (2) Ischemia simulation and surface electrocardiogram were conducted in 20 pigs and their PAF levels were measured. (3) PAF perfusion and standard microelectrode recording were performed on guinea pig papillary muscles.

RESULTSIn both humans and pigs, elevated PAF levels were detected in AMI and simulated ischemia, respectively, and even higher PAF levels were found when fatal arrhythmias occurred. In guinea pig myocardium, PAF induced a shortening of action potential duration at 90% level of repolarization (APD90)under non-ischemic conditions and a more pronounced shortening under early simulated ischemic conditions.

CONCLUSIONAMI and ischemia are associated with increased PAF levels in humans and pigs, which are further raised when fatal arrhythmia follows. The effects of PAF on the myocardium may be mediated by multiple ion channels.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; blood ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; complications ; physiopathology ; Platelet Activating Factor ; metabolism ; Swine

No abstract available.
*Bone Cements ; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/*prevention & control ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Injections ; Kyphoplasty/methods ; *Needles ; Polymethyl Methacrylate/*administration & dosage ; Time Factors ; Vertebroplasty/*methods

OBJECTIVEThis study was to investigate the condom use and its factors on sex workers in Shandong province, and to provide effective suggestions for AIDS prevention strategies and interventions.

METHODSFrom April to July in 2009, 4732 female sex workers were investigated through anonymous questionnaires from 11 cities which were selected based on the AIDS epidemic, geographic location, economic conditions in Shandong province. Serum samples were collected and antibodies were tested by ELISA and TPPA from 4641 people.

RESULTS4732 female sex workers who were 15 - 58 years old were investigated and the majority belonged to the low age group (≤ 24 years old) which accounted for 61.5% (2912/4732). Among the 4732 female sex workers, the unmarried, the divorced, or the widowed females accounted for 72.8% (3441/4725) and 72.0% (3403/4726) of them were poorly educated.42.3% (1994/4719) of them were found from other provinces. The right answers for knowledge of AIDS accounted for 45.7% (2164/4732). 80.6% (3416/4236) of these females were found to used condoms in the most recent commercial sex activity. The rate of consistently using condoms in sex activity during the last month was 58.4% (2467/4221). In this survey, 7.3% (337/4637) of investigated females had been diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases, 30.7% (1449/4726) of them had received HIV antibody test, 70.4% (3323/4732) of these people had received the AIDS intervention services, and 3.6% (167/4668) of them had ever used drug. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high education level (junior high school or lower vs senior high school or higher, adjusted OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.67 - 0.90), having received the HIV intervention (received vs unreceived, adjusted OR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.17 - 1.58), antibody detection (done vs not done, adjusted OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.15 - 1.55), and good knowledge about AIDS (low score group vs high score group, adjusted OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.32 - 0.44) were independent factors that increased safe sex behavior; while using drug (drug vs not drug, adjusted OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.15 - 0.31) was a negative factor.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of HIV infection among female sex workers was low in Shandong province. However, the low rate of condom use and the high prevalence of self-reported STD-related symptoms suggested that more attentions should be paid to the factors of risk behaviors, and more targeted interventions are critically needed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Condoms ; utilization ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Safe Sex ; statistics & numerical data ; Sex Workers ; statistics & numerical data ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult