Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gold ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Silicosis ; mortality ; Young Adult

With the introduction of the principle of automatic exposure control system,this paper discusses the relation between ionization chamber and photographic position,and analyzes its effect on X-ray image quality.

Objective To investigate effects of co-grafts of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) combined with nerve growth factor (NGF) suspension on repair of spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats so as to determine whether the co-grafts are more effective than a single protocol.Methods Spinal cords of adult rats (n=32) were injured by the modified Allen's method.One week after injury,the injured cords were injected with Dubecco-modified Eagles Medium,BMSCs,NGF,and BMSCs plus NGF respectively.One month and two months after injury,rats were respectively sacrificed-and their injured cord tissues were sectioned to identify the transplanted cells under fluorescent microscopy.We observed axonal regeneration and differentiation of BMSCs through immunocytochemical staining conducted with neurofilament (NF) and Neuron-Specific Nuclear Protein (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).We measured the cavity volume by staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE).At the same time,rats were subjected to behavioral tests using the open-field BBB (blood brain battier) scoring system.Results One month and two months after transplantation,immunocytochemical staining showed that transplanted cells partially expressed NeuN and GFAP.At the same time,significant reduction in lesion area (P＜0.05) and improvement in BBB lo- comotor rating scale (P＜0.05) were observed in the cases that received implantation,as compared with those that received vehicle injection.More importantly,further reduction in lesion area and improvement in function were ob- served in the combined treatment group.Conclusions BMSCs can differentiate into neurons and astroeytes. BMSCs and NGF can reduce lesion size,promote axonal regeneration and improve functional recovery,and may have a synergistic effect.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the technical requirements of scored tablets combining with the current situation of clinical use of scored tablets and the domestic and national technical requirements. METHODS: The FDA guidance on tablet scoring was introduced in detail, on this basis, the general considerations on the technical requirements of generic scored tablets were put forward. RESULTS: AND CONCLUSION: It was suggested that the evaluation criteria should be established on the basis of taking a full consideration on product characteristics in the process of research and development, scored tablets should be developed in accordance with clinical needs, and specification description should be standardized for clarifying the clinical use of the scored tablets.

Objective:To identify the cerebral activation patterns associated with the processes that occur during viewing Chinese and English words in native Chinese English learners.Methods:12 right-handed Chinese English hamers were divided into two groups equally,namely English majors and non-English majors,and took semantic judgement tasks of both English and Chinese words,for whom the fMRI images were coUected.Results:To various degrees,all subjects demonstrated activation of associated cerebral regions in both hemispheres and the left hemisphere activation was more significant for most subjects.Except for elassieal regions involved in language processing,such as Wemicke areas and Broca areas,there were other activated cerebral regions,including cerebellum,limbic system and basal ganglia nucleus,etc.To sum up,there were apparent overlap for cerebral activation distribution and no specific processing areas for both tasks.The analysis of ROI(region of interest)suggested that subjects in specialized group were more dependent on right hemisphere to perform English words task.Conclus/on:Language cognition is dominated by left hemisphere,which is also shared by the right hemisphere to various degrees and thus two hemispheres work by ways of both dissociation and coordination.It is possible that working strategy of the right hemisphere in English task is related to proficiency of the second language.A variety of distinctions are shared by each subject for language cognitive patterns.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children and to explore the effect of closed reduction and internal fixation at radial side on the fracture.

METHODSThe children with fractures of Gartland type II and type III in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2013 were reviewed. There were 28 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 1 year and 1 month to 2 years and 6 months, with an average of 2 years and 1 month. According to Gartland classification, 19 cases were type II, 16 cases were type III. There were 3 patients with radial nerve injuries, and 5 patients with anterior interosseous nerve injuries. There were no vascular injuries. All the patients were treated with closed reduction and three Kirschner fixation at the radial side, followed by the plaster external fixation with elbowed flexion at 90 °. The X-ray examination was performed at the second day after operation. The joint function exercise began about at 2 to 3 weeks after operation when the plaster fixation was removed, and opportune time for removal of Kirschners depends on the situation of fracture healing. The operation time, nerve recovery, and the elbow joint function were observed.

RESULTSAll the children were followed up, and all the fractures had bony union. According to Flynn score system at the final follow-up, 28 patients got an excellent result, 4 good, 1 poor and 2 bad.

CONCLUSIONThree Kirschner fixation at the radial side for the treatment of supracondylar fracture of humerus has advantages of minimally invasive, shorter time of hospitalization, simple removal of the internal fixation and reliable therapeutic effects.

Bone Wires ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; surgery ; Humerus ; injuries ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study technique and clinical therapeutic effects of internal fixation with three-column plates for the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures through antero-midline and postero-medial approaches.

METHODSFrom January 2010 to December 2012, 28 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were treated with internal fixation using three-column plates through antero-midline and postero-medial approaches. There were 17 males and 11 females, with an average age of 45.3 years old (ranged, 28 to 64 years old). Twelve patients had injuries in the left side and 16 patients had injuries in the right side. According to Schatzker classification, 12 patients were type V, 16 patients were type VI. According to three-column classification, all the patients had injuries of lateral, medial and posterior columns. The mean interval from injury to operation was 9.4 days (ranged, 6 to 15 days). The main clinical symptoms were knee joint swelling, deformity and limitation of motion before operation. The X-ray and CT showed all patients had complex tibial plateau fractures, which involved in the lateral, medial and posterior columns. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by fracture healing time, hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS) at one year after operation. The indexes such as tibial plateau-tibial shaft angle (TPA), posterior slope angle (PA) and femoral-tibial angle (FfA) were compared between immediate postoperation and one year after operation.

RESULTSAll incisions primarily healed without postoperative complications such as infection and cutaneous necrosis. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 24 months, with a mean of 18.1 months. The bone union time ranged from 5 to 10 months (mean, 7.8 months) after operation. Knee joint swelling and pain disappeared after bony union, and joint function completely recovered. The results of hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS) was 27.81 ± 2.17 in pain, 19.52 ± 2.05 in function,15.82 ± 1.73 in passive range of motion, 8.51 ± 1.32 in muscle strength, 8.33 ± 1.08 in flexion deformity, 9.36 ± 0.52 in joint stability, and the total mean score was 89.35 ± 3.19. According to results of HSS, 20 patients got an excellent result, 5 good,2 fair and 1 poor. There were no significant differences in tibial plateau-tibial shaft angle (TPA), posterior slope angle (PA) and femoral-tibial angle (FTA) between immediate postoperation and one year after operation.

CONCLUSIONThree-column plate internal fixation for the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures through antero-midline and posteromedial approaches is effective to achieve anatomic reduction,rigid internal fixation and early functional exercise.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To clone and express translocation intimin receptor(Tir)of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli(EHEC)O157:H7,and to analyze the effect of different routes on the induction of immunity to the recombinant protein.Methods The tir eucoding genes were amplified from EHEC O157:H7 strain guangzhou 246 genome,and genes were cloned into the vector pET-30a(+).The pET-30a(+)tir recombinant was transformed into E.coli BL21.and expression was induced bv IPTG.The expressed product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and purified by Ni-IDA affinity chromatography.The immunized mice sera and fecal against the recombinant protein was detected.Resuits The length of the tir is 1677 bp,with the initiation codon ATG and the termination codon TAA.Double enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing confirmed that the recombinant expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-tir was constructed.The recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli expression system,and was purified by Ni-IDA affinity chromatography.The mice were able to produce a high serum IgG antibody titer after both subeutaneous and intranasal immunizations.Meanwhile,the intranasal immunization induced serum and fecal IgA antibody titer was significantly higher than that of the subcutaneous immunization group.Conclusion Tir molecule is potential vaccine candidate for preventing EHEC disease.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hyperbaric factor on lidocaine-induced apoptosis in spinal neurons in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain.Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-300 g,were used in the study.Diabetic neuropathic pain was induced by high-sugar high-fat diet + intraperitoneal 1％ streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose level ＞ 16.65 mmol/L at 3 days after STZ injection and then intrathecal catheter was placed.Twenty-four rats with diabetic neuropathic pain in which IT catheters were successfully implanted were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each):hyperbaric lidocaine group (group HL),isobaric lidocaine group (group IL),and glucose group (group G).Another 8 rats in which IT catheters were successfully inserted served as control group (group C).2％ hyperbaric lidocaine 10 μl (in C and HL groups),2％ isobaric lidocaine 10 μl (in group IL),or 10％ glucose 10 μl (in group G) was injected intrathecally once a day for 3 consecutive days.The duration of motor block was recorded at 2 min after each administration.The paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (PWT) was measured before STZ injection (T1),before IT injection (T2),at 30 min after administration on 1st,2nd and 3rd days and on day 5 after the end of administration (T3-6).All the rats were sacrificed at T6 and their L4,5 segments of the spinal cord were removed for microscopic examination.The apoptosis in spinal neurons was detected using TUNEL assay.Results Compared with the baseline value at T1,PWT was significantly decreased at T2-5 in HL,IL and G groups.PWT was significantly higher at T6 than at T2-5 in group HL.Compared with group C,the duration of motor block was significantly prolonged and the apoptotic index was increased in group HL.Compared with group IL,the duration of motor block was significantly prolonged and the apoptotic index was increased in group HL.Conclusion Hyperbaric factor can promote lidocaine-induced apoptosis in spinal neurons in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain.

Objective To observe the efficacy of Wuteng Ercao decoction in treating active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its effects on the levels of cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Methods Sixty-five patients with active RA were randomly divided into treatment group (33 cases) and control group (32 cases). Patients in the control group were administered with methotrexate tablets 10 mg, oral taking, once a week;hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets 200 mg, oral taking, twice a day;diclofenac sodium sustained release tablets 75 mg, oral taking, twice a day. Patients in the treatment group were administered with Wuteng Ercao decoction additionally, oral taking, three times a day. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. The changes and untoward effects of various clinical and laboratory indicators were observed before and after treatment.Results After treatment, the tender joint count, swollen joint count, patient’s global assessment, and physician’s global assessment were improved (P<0.05), with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). The levels of ESR, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05), but those were more significantly in treatment group (P<0.05). There were 2 cases with untoward effects in the treatment group and 1 case in the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion Wuteng Ercao decoction is effective in patients with active RA and it can reduce the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.