Intramural pregnancy is a rare variant of ectopic pregnancy, which was first reported in 1924 by Perli, and only 21 cases have been reported in the literature. The pathologic diagnosis of an intramural pregnancy can be made by the myometrium surrounding the products of conception that separate it from the endometrial cavity or fallopian tubes. Recent development of radiologic ultrasonography and radioimmunoassay of the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin has markedly enhanced the ability to diagnose intramural pregnancy during very early gestation. Many reports have noted that there would be possible relationships between the intramural pregnancy and prior uterine traumatic factor-curettage, cesarean section, myomectomy, salpingectomy, and manual removal of the placenta. We experienced a 28-year-old female patient with amenorrhea for 7 weeks and sudden vaginal spotting. She underwent dilatation and curettage at 4 weeks of gestation. We report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Cesarean Section ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation and Curettage ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Metrorrhagia ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Placenta ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Radioimmunoassay ; Salpingectomy ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid*

Fourty three patients known to hnve cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were assigned to Papanicolaou smear in five different ways, i, e, A) cotion tipped wood applieator at the pasterior vaginal fronix and the ectocervix, B) cotton tipped wood applicator at the ectocervix and the endocervical canal, C) Cytohrush at the endocervical canal, D) Cervexbrusk and E) Cyto-spatula. At the completion of cytologic study, all the subjects were done colposcopically directed biopsy and/or ECC. To evaluate the false negative rates of the cytologic test, cervical cone biopsy or hysteectorny was performed on all the patient. The false negat,ive rates were 53.5% in A) 39.5% in B), 14,0% in C), l8.6% in D), 25.6% in E) and statistical differences occurect between each group, It was also found that bleedings were most frequently endountered in E) and the encocervical cells were most frequently appeared in C). With these results, it can he stated that the rate of negative encocervical cells in the srnear were correlated with the false negative rates of cervical cytology.
Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Papanicolaou Test ; Wood

OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation is important to ensure optimal monitoring and delivery with the introduction of real-time and Doppler ultrasound systems, a noninvasive method of measuring human fetal blood flow has become available. The aim of this study is to compare blood flow velocity waveforms at the fetal descending aorta and umbilical artery in normal and in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension. METHODS: Using a combination of linear array real-time and pulsed Doppler ultrasound, blood flow velocity measurements were carried out at the fetal descending aorta and umbilical artery in 35 normal pregnancies and 18 cases of pregnancy induced hypertensive patients. RESULTS: The mean systolic/diastolic ratio of umbilical artery and aorta was significantly higher in PIH patients than in normal pregnancies(3.8 +/- 0.81 versus 2.97 +/- 0.52, p<0.05) and to predict perinatal morbidity, umbilical velocimetry is more sensitive than that of descending thoracic aorta. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that umbilical artery velocimetry could be used as a marker to predict adverse perinatal outcome.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Pregnancy ; Rheology* ; Ultrasonography ; Umbilical Arteries

To identify significant prognostic factors in patients undergoing simple hysterectomy in the presence of invasive cervical cancer, the records of 45 patients who had taken such a procedure between 1993 and 1997 were reviewed. Overall relapse-free survival and 5-year survival rates were 91.1 and 92.1%, respectively. Factors found to be significantly related to survival were the retrospectively determined stage(p=0.0000), the presence of residual disease(p=0.0001), and cell type(p=0.0000). By multivariate analysis, factor emerging as significantly detrimental to survival was the cell type. The presence of residual disease was a marginally significant factor(p=0.067). The expectations for survival of patients with residual tumor mass and/or with adenocarcinoma after simple hysterectomy appear to be markedly worse than those with others, so radical reoperation should be considered in those patients.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
DiGeorge Syndrome*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to compare the clinical response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) according to the size of baseline ovarian cyst. METHOD: From February 1992 to March 1999, a retrospective analysis was done of 272 cases who underwent COH using mid-luteal phase long protocol of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for IVF-ET. These cases were divided into four group; group 1 (n=63) had cysts with mean diameters between 20.2 and 29.0 mm on their baseline ultrasound on cycle day 3, group 2 (n=57, 30.0~49.0mm), group 3 (n=68, >50.0mm) and control group (n=84). Cases were excluded according to the following criteria; pure male factor infertility, the presence of only one ovary, high CA-125 level and previous endometriosis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between cases with baseline ovarian cyst <50.0 mm in diameter and control group in any of the parameters. However, cases with baseline ovarian cyst>50.0 mm in mean diameter needed more amount of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), showed significantly lower estradiol (E2) level, the number of follicle >15.0 mm on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration, the number of oocytes retrieved, the number of mature oocytes, and pregnancy rate compared with control group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that cases with baseline overian cyst <50.0 mm in diameter do not adversely impact on IVF-ET outcome. However, cases with baseline ovarian cyst >50.0 mm in diameter had adverse effects on various parameters. Therefore, to improve the outcome of IVF-ET in these cases, ovarian cyst aspiration prior to initiating COH may be required.
Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Endometriosis ; Estradiol ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

The vaso-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography is the only diagnositc method for investigating thepatency and abnormal lesion of male genital system radiologically. The author performed 53 cases ofvaso-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography in Busan National University Hospital during the 8 years from1973 to 1981. All patients complained of primary infertility more than a year and were confirmed azoospermia onsemen examination, and 23 cases of them underwent testicular biopsy. The results are as follows; 1. The agedistribution were mainly between 26 and 35 years old (83.0%). 2. The infertile duration were almost from 1 to 5years(86.8%). 3. The past history associated with infertility was gonorrhea, tuberculosis and scrotal trauma. 4.Of the 23 cases of confirmed by testicular biopsy, the pathologic findings were normal spermatogenesis in 12 cases(52.2%) and hypospermatogenesis or arrest type in 11 cases (47.8%). 5. Non-filling sites of contrast media onvas-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography were epididymis(83.0%), ejaculatory duct (41.5%) and seminalvesicle (24.5%), were commonly bilateral (68.0%) and were more prevalent in the right side than left (1.2:1.0). 6.The abnormal findings of ejaculatory ducts, seminal vesicles, vas ampullas and vas deferens were mainly strictureof obstruction, obstruction of dilatation, beaded appearance or obstruction and obstruction respectively. 7. Inthe epididymis, there was almost obstructive lesion at the tail portion(83.0%).
Azoospermia ; Biopsy ; Busan ; Contrast Media ; Dilatation ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Epididymis ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Male ; Methods ; Oligospermia ; Seminal Vesicles ; Spermatogenesis ; Tail ; Tuberculosis ; Vas Deferens

OBJECTIVE: Although the use of cytology in screening has reduced morbidity and mortality from invasive cervical cancer, there has been limitation because of the low sensitivity and high false negative rate in the detection of preclinical or clinical disease of the cervix. This study was performed to explore the usefulness of Hybrid Capture System HPV DNA test as a diagnostic method of the cervical cancer. METHODS: Cervical cytology and Hybrid Capture System 1 (HCS1) HPV DNA test were performed in 1,023 women who visited Gynecologic Oncology Clinic in Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center. HPV DNA were retested by HCS1, HCS2 and Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), in randomly selected 200 women to compare these DNA tests. RESULTS: While the sensitivity and specificity of cervical cytology in detection of cervical lesion were 71.2% and 89.5%, those of HCS1 HPV DNA test were 63.0% and 86.9% respectively. There was significant difference in detection of cervical precancerous lesions between HCS1 and HCS2 (P<0.05), but not between HCS2 and PCR (P=0.14). And the sensitivity and specificity were improved with combining cytology and HCS1 HPV DNA test(82.2%, 86.9%~). CONCLUSION: HCS HPV DNA test may be considered as a useful adjunctive test with cervical cytology in cervical cancer screening.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cervix Uteri ; DNA ; Female ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; Mortality ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Fibronectins* ; Plasma* ; Pre-Eclampsia*