We have investigated an immunohistochemical expression of the Human-Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in tumor cells of the primary mass and metastatic lymph nodes with different histological features of gastric cancer by using avidinbiotin complex immunoperoxidase method in formalin-fixed tissue sections from 73 cases of primary tumor mass and 23 cases of metastatic lymph node. Histologic type of the gastric cancer was classification. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Expression of Ha-ras p21 was consistantly increased in the well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma as compared with poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma (p<0.01), and was substantially decreased in mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. 2) Signet ring cell carcinoma showed that positive immunoperoxidase reaction for Ha-ras p21 exhibited in the majority of immature signet ring cell with scant cytoplasm rather than in the mature signet ring cells which have abundant cytoplasm filled with mucin. This findings indicate that mucin production from the tumor cell was not correlated with activation of ras gene in the tumor tissue of gastric carcinoma. 3) In general Ha-ras p21 expression was enhanced in the metastatic tumor cells of the regional lymph node compared with primary tumor, especially it was consistantly increase in the well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma.
Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Brain Death* ; Brain*

No abstract available.
Pancreatitis*

No abstract available.
Reproduction*

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for the development of osteonecrosis in civilian professional divers by an epidemiologic study and to determine the correlation between osteonecrosis in divers and coagulopathy by analysis of serologic markers that are related to thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-two divers, who collected pen shells (Atrina pinnata), and among whom 10 had osteonecrosis (group 1), were compared with 32 divers without osteonecrosis (group 2). Both groups were evaluated based on the number of years of diving experience, number of dives per year, mean number of dives per day, mean diving time and depth, and diving methods. We determined any statistically significant differences among these variables. We measured the levels of serologic markers that were related to hyperlipidemia, thrombophilia, and hypofibrinolysis from the divers and a control group of 20 physicians (group 3). The levels of the serologic markers were compared between groups 1 and 2 and between the divers and the control group, in order to determine the relationship between the serologic markers and the development of dysbaric osteonecrosis. Results: None of the variables demonstrated any statistically significant differences, except for the mean diving time, in which group 1 had a mean diving time of 124 minutes and group 2 had a mean diving time of 62.1 minutes (P<0.05). In the analysis of the serologic markers, there were no statistically significant differences between groups 1 and 2; however, in comparison with the group 3, the divers demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of proteins C and S (Protein C: P<0.05; Protein S: P<0.05), and an increase in the levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The divers with osteonecrosis had a longer mean diving time than did those divers without osteonecrosis. In the serologic marker analysis, the divers with osteonecrosis demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of Proteins C, S and a significant increase in the levels of PAI-1, compared with the control group.
Biomarkers* ; Diving ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Hyperlipidemias ; Osteonecrosis* ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Protein S ; Risk Factors ; Thrombophilia

The central venous catheter(Quinton) was replaced in the right atrium for chemotherapy and blood sampling to a eight-year old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The catheter was flushed with heparin two times daily and the chemotherapeutic drug regimens by CCSG-105 protocol were vincristine, prednisone, L-asparaginase, daunomycin, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and adriamycin. On day 31 of catheterization, the lumen for blood sampling was blocked. From day 60 of catheterization, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and tachypnea were developed. Echocardiogram, lung scan, pulmonary function test(PFT), arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) were done. Two cemtimeters in diameter of thrombosis was found in the right atrium on echocardiogram. The lung scan showed slight decrease in uptake of Tc-99m on the whole lung fields. Restrictive ventratory impairment on PFT and decreased PaO2(48 mmHg) on ABGA were found. To lysis of thromboembolism, urokinase(4,400 IU/kg for initial 10 minutes and the 4,400 IU/kg for 12 hours) was injected intravenously and aspirin(30 mg/kg/d, po) was given. The thrombosis was disappeared from the atrium on echocardiogram and PaO2 was increased up to 97 mmHg temporary. The catheter was removed but total haziness on the right middle and lower lobes were developed after 5 days. The same dose of urokinase was injected just infront of the embolism through Pitfall catheter for 8 days intermittently as results of pulmonary angiography. Symptoms and PaO2 were alleviated and the lung was expanded with mild atelectasis on day 55 of the first fibrinolytic enzyme therapy. Although the frequent complications of central venous catheter are catheter occlusion and infection, we have to check the development of thromboembolism with echocardiogram periodically or in case of unexplained respiratory symptoms.
6-Mercaptopurine ; Angiography ; Anorexia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters* ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytarabine ; Daunorubicin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Embolism ; Enzyme Therapy ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heparin ; Humans ; Lung ; Methotrexate ; Nausea ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prednisone ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Tachypnea ; Thromboembolism* ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; Vincristine ; Vomiting

Clinical analysis of 170 patients with childhood leukemia was made, who were admitted to the department of Pediatrics, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, College of Medicine during 10 years from 1981 to 1990. The results were as follows: 1) The annual number of the patients with childhood leukemia was in the range of 6~25 cases. And the annual rate of the number of the patients in the department of the Pediatrics was 0.37~1.60% with the average of 1.06%. 2) Of the 170 patients, 72 cases(42.3%) were in the range of 0~5 years of age, which was the largest age group. In male, of the 97 patients, the largest age group was the age group of 0~5 years, which included 45 cases (46.4%), while in female, the largest was that of 6~10 years, which included 29 cases of 73 patients (39.8%). 3) Of the 170 patients, sex ratio was 1.33:1 with male dominance in all age groups except 1:1.6 with female dominance in the age group of 6~10 years. 4) Of the 170 patients, 113 cases were ALL (66.5%), 50 cases AML (29.4%), and 7 cases CML (4.1%). 5) In ALL, 51 cases of the 113 patients (45.1%), were in the age group of 0~5 years, 35 cases (31%) in the age group of 6~10 years, and 27 cases (23.9%) in the age group of 11~15 years. In AML, 19 cases of the 50 patients (38.0%) were in the age group of 0~5 years, 17 cases (34%) in the age group of 6~10 years, and 14 cases (28%) in the age group of 11~15 years. 6) In ALL, the sex ratio of male: female was 1.21:1, 1,50:1 in AML, and 2.5:1 in CML. 7) According to the FAB classification in ALL, of the 113 patients, 72 cases (63,7%) were in L1 type, 34 cases (30.0%) in L2 type, and only 3 cases in L3 type. In AML, of the 50 patients, 19 cases (38%) were in M2 type, 16 cases (32%) in M1 type, and 6 cases (12%) in M4 type, in order. 8) In CML, of the 7 patients, 4 cases were juvenile type, who were all under 10 years old, while 3 cases were adult type, who were all male above 11 years old. 9) Of the 170 patients, clinical symptoms on admission were pallor in 112 cases (65.9%), fever in 84 cases (49.4%), hemorrhage in 78 cases (45.9%), weakness in 40 cases (25.3%), bone pain in 32 cases (18.8%) in order. 10) Of the 170 patients, physical findings on admission were hepatomegaly in 113 cases (66.5%), lymphnode swelling in 84 cases (49.4%), splenomegaly in 78 cases (45,9%)in order. 11) Of the 170 patients, the hemoglobin level on admission were 4~7gm/dl in 95 cases (55.9%), 8~10gm/dl in 42 cases (24.7%), and 0~3gm/dl in 22 cases (12.9%) in order. 12) Of the 170 patients, the WBC count on admission were 10,000~50,000/mm3 in 58 cases (34.1%), below, 5,000/mm3 in 49 cases (28.8%), and 5,5000~100,000/mm3 in 24 cases (14.1%) in order. 13) Of the 170 patients, the platelet count on admission were below 50,000/mm3 in 93 cases (54,7%), above 100,000/mm3 in 48 cases (28.2%), 20,000~50,000/mm3 in 43 (25,3%), 43 cases (25,3%), and 50,000~100,000/mm3 in 29 cases (17.1%) in order.
Adult ; Busan ; Child ; Classification ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Male ; Pallor ; Pediatrics ; Platelet Count ; Sex Ratio ; Splenomegaly

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Breast*

Massive hemorrhage into an intracranial neurinoma is a rare event. A 42-year old man noticed hearing loss, nystagmus, diplopia and paresthesia on the left side of the face. A computerized tomography scan demonstrated a large high density mass in the left cerebellopontine angle. The tumor was successfully removed and postoperative course was favorable. Such a case of acoustic neurinoma which revealed itself through intratumoral hemorrhage has not been previously reported in Korea.
Adult ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Diplopia ; Hearing Loss ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Korea ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Paresthesia

The electrocardiography was performed to the 95 patients(58 male, 37 female) with chronic anemia in Department of Internal Medicine, Busan City Hospital, Busan University Hospital, Busan paik Hospital In-Je Medical College, Busan korea between April 1978 and March 1981. The hemoglobin levels were 4 Gm%-10Gm%, and the symptoms such as dizziness, palpitation, weakness, and appetite loss were continued for 6 months or more. The results were as following: 1. The abnormal electrocardiographic changes were observed in 49 of the 95 chronic anemic patients. 2. Prolonged QTc interval was observed in 12(12.6%) of 95 cases, depressed ST segment in 48(50.5%), inverted T wave in 32(33.7%), LVH in 31(32.6%), low voltage in 5(5.3%), and Rt. B.B.B. in 5(5.3%). 3. In the Hb level of 4.0~5.9Gm% 20% of the total 95 patients revealed prolonged QTc interval, 86.7% depressed ST segment, 40% inverted T wave, 20% LVH, 6.7% Rt. B.B.B., in the Hb level of 6.0~7.9Gm 10.6% prolonged QTc interval, 39.3% depressed St segment, 42.9% inverted T wave, 39.3% LVH, 3.6% low voltage and in the Hb level of 8.0-9.9Gm% 11.5% prolonged QTc interval, 46.1% depressed ST segment, 27% inverted T wave, 32.7% LVH and 7.7% low voltage.
Anemia* ; Appetite ; Busan ; Dizziness ; Electrocardiography* ; Hospitals, Urban ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Korea ; Male