BACKGROUND: Although experimental and clinical evidences suggest that endothelin-1(ET-1) may play a pathophysiological role in ischemic heart disease, it is still controversial whether ET-1 produced during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion affects the extent of necrotic myocardium. This study was performed to investigate the role of ET-1 and the effect of ET antagonists in infarct size determination. METHODS: Male Wistar rats(260-400g) were anesthetized with pentobarbital(i.p. 50mg/kg) and ventilation was assisted via tracheostomy tube. The heart was exposed by midline incision and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated with 6-0 silk suture. The ligature was released after 1 hour and reperfusion was performed for 2 hours. In the first set of experiment, FRI139317(ET-A antagonist) was given as bolus i.v.(3mg/kg) 10 minutes before reperfusion, followed by continuous infusion(total 24mg/kg) throughout reperfusion. In the other protocol, bosentan(ET-A/ET-B antagonist ; 10mg/kg) was given 10 minutes before coronary occlusion as i.v. bolus. At the end of reperfusion, the heart was excised and stained with Evans blue dye(1% w/v) and triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC;1%) to distinguish infarct region(not stained by TTC and Evans blue), ischemic but viable myocardium(stained brick-red by TTC but not stained by Evans blue) and nonischemic myocardium(dyed by Evans blue). These three regions of myocardium were separated and weighed for analysis. Infarct size(in percent) was expressed as the ratio of infarct region to ischemic myocardium(i.e. infarct region plus ischemic but viable myocardium). RESULTS: In the first protocol, infarct region was 57.0 +/-3.8% of the ischemic myocardium in control(n=9) and 58.9+/-4.9% in FR139317 group(n=7) ; The difference was not significant statistically. Likewise, ET-A/ET-B antagonist bosentan given before coronary occlusion did not reduce infarct size significantly ; the ratio was 74.2+/-3.2% in control(n=7) and 69.5+/-2.0% in bosentan group(n=7). CONCLUSIONS: ET-A antagonist FR139317, given throughout reperfusion, did not reduce myocardial infarct size in rat. Bosentan(ET-A/ET-B antagonist) given just before coronary occlusion as i.v. bolus also did not reduce myocardial infarct size in rat.
Animals ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels* ; Endothelin-1 ; Endothelins* ; Evans Blue ; Heart ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Rats* ; Reperfusion* ; Silk ; Sutures ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Arteries* ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Single Parent*

No abstract available.
Gliosarcoma*

The pathologic features of acute corrosive esophago-gastritis by ingestion of "Trapunc", a common commercial drain cleansing liquid, is presented. A 37-year-old woman ingested abut 30 ml of Trapunc (3 gm NaOH/100 ml) to commit suicide and received piecemeal esophagectomy and total gastrectomy 9 days after the episode. The esophagus and stomach were extremely friable and necrotic. The most part of the stomach showed acute toxic necrotizing gastritis which was manifested by extensive greenish brown discoloration due to liquefaction necrosis of the mucosa except for a few rugae along the greater curvature. The antrum and distal body revealed severe mucosal detachment and even transmural necrosis. The tissue reaction was basically the same as those of NaOH-induced corrosive esophago-gastritis of acute stage, although it appeared to be severer probably due to sodium hypochlorite, and additive constituent of the ingested cleanser. A unique distribution pattenr of mucosal involvement is discussed.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

A histopathological study was performed on nevus sebaceus to observe its aging effect based on 75 cases of neuvs sebaceus those were collected during the past 10 years from three university hospitals in Seoul. The results are as follows: 1) Clinical findings The incidence was most frequent in the teenage group. The 75 cases consisted of 41 males and 34 females with a sex ratio of 1.2:1. Most of cases developed in the head and neck areas with 62.7% on the scalp and 29.3% on the face. 2) Histopathologic findings. The epidermal changes such as acanthosis(40%), papillomatosis(73%), hypergranulosis(44%) were most remarkable in the second decade and gradually decreased with aging. The apparent proliferation of sebaceous gland was observed in 73% and it was most prominent in the second decade. Apocrine glands were absent before the first decade but apparently increased after then. Proliferation of eccrine gland was not significant in all the age groups. Mild increase of immature hair follicles were noted in 49% of our cases with gradually decreasing tendency in the older age. The dermal inflammatory infiltrates were noted from the 2nd decade(28%) and thereafter gradually increased. Associated neoplasms were one apocrine adenoma, one sebaceous adenoma, two trichilemmomas and two arteriovenous hemangiomas. The majority of tumors occured in the third decade. Therefore, it is observed that neuvs sebaceous undergoes dynamic histopathologic changes according to the age of patient and later develop various secondary neoplastic changes. The pathogenesis of the nevus sebaceus is suggested to be closely related with developmental anomalies of primitive hair germ units in fetal stage.
Adolescent ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

Tissues actively involved in energy metabolism are more likely to face metabolic challenges from bioenergetic substrates and are susceptible to mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to metabolic diseases. The mitochondria receive signals regarding the metabolic states in cells and transmit them to the nucleus or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using calcium (Ca2+) for appropriate responses. Overflux of Ca2+ in the mitochondria or dysregulation of the signaling to the nucleus and ER could increase the incidence of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) may regulate Ca2+ flux via changing the mitochondrial membrane potential and signals to other organelles such as the nucleus and ER. Since Tfam is involved in metabolic function in the mitochondria, here, we discuss the contribution of Tfam in coordinating mitochondria-ER activities for Ca2+ flux and describe the mechanisms by which Tfam affects mitochondrial Ca2+ flux in response to metabolic challenges.

PURPOSE: The Burch bladder neck suspension is a effective treatment for stress urinary incontinence due to hypermobility. To assess the safety, effectiveness and potential benefits of the transperitoneal laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We assessed the short-term result of 15 patients who underwent a laparoscopic Burch colposuspension with transperitoneal approach. All patients had stress incontinence with bladder neck hypermobility and no cystocele and rectocele. The 14 patients had coexisting disorder(uterine myoma 11, ovarian cyst 2, carcinoma in situ 1), so concomitant operation was performed 14 cases(laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy 12, laparoscopic assisted ovarian cystectomy. RESULTS: In 15 patient who underwent the laparoscopic procedure, continent in 11(73%), improved in 1 (6%) and failed in 3(20%) with mean follow-up of 14 months (range 6-18). The mean operation time was 81 minutes(range 70-120), mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.8 days(range 3-7). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposuspension with the transperitoneal approach is a reasonable alternative in treating stress urinary incontinence, especially when the patients have previous properitoneal or lower abdominal surgery or concomitant operation for coexisting disease. Early results are similar to those of open and needle suspension techniques, although longer follow-up is necessary to determine longterm efficiency.
Carcinoma in Situ ; Cystectomy ; Cystocele ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Length of Stay ; Myoma ; Neck ; Needles ; Ovarian Cysts ; Rectocele ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence

The dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve (DUCN) is the sensory branch of ulnar nerve supplying sensation to the dorsal ulnar aspect of the hand. Isolated DUCN injury is known rare. We report 3 cases of isolated DUCN injury caused by stretch injury and mild blunt injury during activities of daily living. Isolated DUCN injury may more frequently occur than we thought. Nerve conduction study and ultrasonography are useful method to localize the lesion and to evaluate the structural etiology.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Hand ; Methods ; Neural Conduction ; Sensation ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Neuropathies ; Ultrasonography ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating