No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Toes*

No abstract available.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available.
Humerus*

Popliteal pterygium syndrome is rare, with 60 cases described in the literature. The syndrome includes a popliteal web extending from the ischium to the heel and other abnormalities including toenail dysplasia, deformities of the foot and toes, and oral cavity abnormalities. The main orthopedic problem is a flextion contracture of the knee and an equinus foot. We experienced a six-month-old girl with popliteal pterygium, in whom resection of abnormal fibrotic muscle belly, Achilles tendon legnthening, and Z-plastic lengthening of the skin resulted in partial correction of flexion deformity of the knee and equines contracture of the foot at one year follow-up.
Achilles Tendon ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Heel ; Humans ; Ischium ; Knee ; Mouth ; Nails ; Orthopedics ; Pterygium ; Skin ; Toes

It is known that humidity in the laser room might affect the outcomes of excimer laser refractive surgery. This study evaluated the outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)according to humidity changes in laser room. Hinged flap was made by SCMD turbokeratome and photoablation was performed by utilizing VISX 20/20 excimer laser system. The differences between targeted refraction and actual refractive error, namely, refractive correction errors (defined by authors)were calculated. We have divided LASIK patients into two groups. Group A consisting of 61 eyes of 31 patients underwent LASIK when laser room humidity was over 70% (average 73%) and Group B includes 49 eyes of 28 patients when laser room humidity was under 40% (average 35%). Each group was broken into two subgroups, that is high myopia (> or= -6 D)and mild to moderate myopia (< -6 D). The mean refractive correction errors in the high myopia (> or= -6 D)was 1.28+/-1.42 D in the group A (n=46 eyes)and 1.99 +/-1.38 D in the group B (n= 26 eyes). In both groups, the difference between two subgroups was statistically significant and high myopes group B was overcorrected compared with ones in group A (t-test, p<0.05). The mean refractive correction errors in the low to moderate myopia (< -6 D)was 0.38 +/-0.49 D in the group A (n=15 eyes)and 0.4 +/-0.38 D in the group B (n=23 eyes). In both subgroups, there was no statistically significant difference in mean refractive correction errors (t-test, p>0.05). The proper room humidity is critical for LASIK results, particularly in the high myopia (> or= -6 D)because humidity can affect outcomes of LASIK. Therefore, the humidity should be maintained properly for enhancement of surgical outcome predictability in the high myopia.
Humans ; Humidity* ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Lasers, Excimer ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors ; Refractive Surgical Procedures

PURPOSE: Air bubbles developed during phcoemulsification procedure are known to be harmful to corneal endothelial cells and balanced salt solution(BSS) contained within plastic bag(Bag BSS) has been thought to be more prone to the air bubble formation than the one encased within bottle(Bottle BSS). For the above reason, we tried to see whether there is any difference in corneal endothelial cell changes between two groups of patients who underwent phacoemulsification using Bag BSS and Bottle BSS respectively. METHODS: 85 cataract eyes of 60 patients were randomly assigned to two groups of Bag BSS(43 eyes) and Bottle BSS(42 eyes), on which phacoemulsification was performed through scleral tunnel incision followed by silicone PCL placement. Corneal endothelial cells were examined using specular microscopy postoperatively at 1 month and compared with preoperative specular microscopic data. RESULTS: The percent loss of corneal endothelial cell density at postoperative 1 month for the Bag BSS group(13.02+/-0.7%) was not significantly different from the Bottle BSS group(12.8+/-8.1%)(p>0.05). Coeffcient of variation in cell size(p>0.05) and mean endothelial cell size(p>0.05) also showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Bag BSS and Bottle BSS have similiar protective effect on the corneal endothelial cell damage during phocoemulsification.
Cataract ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Microscopy ; Phacoemulsification ; Plastics* ; Silicones

Eosinophilic granuloma of the cervical spine is an uncommon disease. A 20-year old male patient noticed cervical pain, restricted range of movement, torticollis and tenderness. On computed tomographic scan, myelographic imaging and plain radiographic imaging demonstated a bony destruction in the left side of the third cervical vertebral body and a part of the pedicle. Preoperative radioisotope bone scan demonstrated an hot uptake in the third cervical vertebral body. Gross total removal of the lesion and radiation therapy were performed. Postoperative course was favorable. The lesion is readily curable and should be considered in the diferential diagnosis of pain or neurological deficit in association with a lytic defect in the cervical spine. Occasionally, a solitary lesion characteristic of eosinophillic granuloma in found in cases of otherwise classic Hand-Schuller-Christian. So, close chinical and radiologic follow-up sholuld be obtained.
Diagnosis ; Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Pain ; Spine* ; Torticollis ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative keratometric value on corneal flap dimensions, records of 81 eyes of 45 patients who had LASIK were analyzed retrospectively. METHOD: Corneal thickness and diameter , and keratometric value were measured preoperatively. RESULTS: In this study, SCMD Turbokeratome was set for making a corneal flap with 150 micron thickness and 8.25 mm diameter. In reality, however, the mean corneal flap thickness was 110.7+/-15.7 micron and the mean corneal flap diameter was 7.89+/-0.33 mm. The lower mean preoperative keratometric value, the thicker(r=-0.325, p=0.003) and the smaller(r=0.460, p=0.009) diameter flap was made. When we divided eyes into three groups according to their keratometric values, eyes with keratometric values lower than 42.5 D resulted in corneal flap with 116.70+/-12.6 micron thickness and 7.65(0.28mm diameter as opposed to 102.16+/-13.41 micron thickness and 8.05+/-0.37 mm diameter flap in corneas having keratometric values above 44.5 D(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: When a LASIK flap was made using SCMD manual keratome, steeper corneas tend to have larger and thinner corneal flaps. In conclusion, for making the corneal flap according to the intended thickness and diameter in LASIK, preoperative keratometric value should be considered carefully.
Cornea ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Retrospective Studies

This study includes 48 patients with severe head injury and with Neurosurgical Coma Scale(N.C.S.) scores of < or =8, who were admitted during last 1 1/2 years in our neurosurgical department. One week interval Serial C.A.T. scan was performed for 3 times and reviewed with patient's outcome and coma score comparing with consequences of serial C.A.T. Scan. Mortality rate was 33% who's coma score of < or =5 and 14% of > or =6. C.A.T. scans are correlated with the level of consciousness and coma score. The most common abnormalities were small ventricle ad area of mixed density interpreted as diffuse contusion. Two cases are new formed post-traumatic intracerebral hematoma. The patients, who's coma score of < or =5 had severe clinical and C.A.T. abnormality.
Coma ; Consciousness ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Mortality