No abstract available.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available.
Humerus*

No abstract available.
Toes*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

Popliteal pterygium syndrome is rare, with 60 cases described in the literature. The syndrome includes a popliteal web extending from the ischium to the heel and other abnormalities including toenail dysplasia, deformities of the foot and toes, and oral cavity abnormalities. The main orthopedic problem is a flextion contracture of the knee and an equinus foot. We experienced a six-month-old girl with popliteal pterygium, in whom resection of abnormal fibrotic muscle belly, Achilles tendon legnthening, and Z-plastic lengthening of the skin resulted in partial correction of flexion deformity of the knee and equines contracture of the foot at one year follow-up.
Achilles Tendon ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Heel ; Humans ; Ischium ; Knee ; Mouth ; Nails ; Orthopedics ; Pterygium ; Skin ; Toes

It is known that humidity in the laser room might affect the outcomes of excimer laser refractive surgery. This study evaluated the outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)according to humidity changes in laser room. Hinged flap was made by SCMD turbokeratome and photoablation was performed by utilizing VISX 20/20 excimer laser system. The differences between targeted refraction and actual refractive error, namely, refractive correction errors (defined by authors)were calculated. We have divided LASIK patients into two groups. Group A consisting of 61 eyes of 31 patients underwent LASIK when laser room humidity was over 70% (average 73%) and Group B includes 49 eyes of 28 patients when laser room humidity was under 40% (average 35%). Each group was broken into two subgroups, that is high myopia (> or= -6 D)and mild to moderate myopia (< -6 D). The mean refractive correction errors in the high myopia (> or= -6 D)was 1.28+/-1.42 D in the group A (n=46 eyes)and 1.99 +/-1.38 D in the group B (n= 26 eyes). In both groups, the difference between two subgroups was statistically significant and high myopes group B was overcorrected compared with ones in group A (t-test, p<0.05). The mean refractive correction errors in the low to moderate myopia (< -6 D)was 0.38 +/-0.49 D in the group A (n=15 eyes)and 0.4 +/-0.38 D in the group B (n=23 eyes). In both subgroups, there was no statistically significant difference in mean refractive correction errors (t-test, p>0.05). The proper room humidity is critical for LASIK results, particularly in the high myopia (> or= -6 D)because humidity can affect outcomes of LASIK. Therefore, the humidity should be maintained properly for enhancement of surgical outcome predictability in the high myopia.
Humans ; Humidity* ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Lasers, Excimer ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors ; Refractive Surgical Procedures

Experimental tracheal ligation (TL) has been shown to reverse the pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to normalize gas exchange. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the TL would correct the surfactant deficiency present in the fetal rabbit model of CDH by using lamellar body count. Lamellar bodies are synthesized and secreted by the type II pneumocytes of fetal lung. The phospholipids present in these bodies constitute the major component of pulmonary surfactant. Twenty-one pregnant New Zealand rabbits underwent hysterotomy and fetal surgery on gestational day 24. Two fetuses of each pregnant rabbit were operated. In the fetus of one end of bicornuate uterus, left DH was created by excision of fetal diaphragm through open thoracotomy (DH Group). In the fetus of the other end of bicornuate uterus, left DH and TL were created (TL Group). The fetuses were delivered by Cesarean section on gestational day 31. Fourteen in control group, 12 in the DH group and 13 in TL group were born alive. En bloc excision of lungs, bronchi and trachea was done in all newborn rabbits. A five Fr catheter was inserted through trachea and repeated irrigations with 10 cc normal saline were done. The irrigated fluid was centrifuged at 280 xg for 5 minutes and the lamellar bodies were counted with the upper level fluid in platelet channel of electronic cell counter. The average lamellar body counts were 37.1 +/- 14.2 x 10(3)/microL in control group, 11.5 +/- 4.4 x 10(3)/microL in DH group, and 6.5+/- 0.9 x 10(3)/microL in TL group. Lamellar body count in DH group was lower than in control group and did not increase after TL. This study shows TL has no therapeutic effect on decreased surfactant level of CDH and the pregnant rabbit is appropriate for the animal model of CDH.
Blood Platelets ; Bronchi ; Catheters ; Cell Count ; Cesarean Section ; Diaphragm ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Female ; Fetus ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Humans ; Hysterotomy ; Infant, Newborn ; Ligation ; Lung ; Models, Animal ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Phospholipids ; Pneumocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Surfactants ; Rabbits ; Thoracotomy ; Trachea ; Uterus

Eosinophilic granuloma of the cervical spine is an uncommon disease. A 20-year old male patient noticed cervical pain, restricted range of movement, torticollis and tenderness. On computed tomographic scan, myelographic imaging and plain radiographic imaging demonstated a bony destruction in the left side of the third cervical vertebral body and a part of the pedicle. Preoperative radioisotope bone scan demonstrated an hot uptake in the third cervical vertebral body. Gross total removal of the lesion and radiation therapy were performed. Postoperative course was favorable. The lesion is readily curable and should be considered in the diferential diagnosis of pain or neurological deficit in association with a lytic defect in the cervical spine. Occasionally, a solitary lesion characteristic of eosinophillic granuloma in found in cases of otherwise classic Hand-Schuller-Christian. So, close chinical and radiologic follow-up sholuld be obtained.
Diagnosis ; Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Pain ; Spine* ; Torticollis ; Young Adult

To evaluate the changes of corneal sensitivity after LASIK, we measured corneal sensitivity threshold at 5 regions of cornea using Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer in 41 myopic eyes of 23 patients who underwent LASIK. Corneal sensitivities were tested in the Central, medial, superior, temporal and inferior region of cornea preoperatively and postoperatively. Central corneal sensitivity was reduced to 1.1+/-4.6% of preoperative sensation at 1 day postoperatively and gradually recovered showing 40.3+/-27.8% at 3 months postoperatively. The sensitivity of the central region was the lowest of all significantly and medial region was the highest(p0.05). There were no overall differences in the sensitivities of the superior, temporal and inferior regions(p>0.05) and their sensitivities were higher than that of central region and lower than that of medial region. The amount of preoperative myopia and the thickness of corneal flap showed no significant correlation with the decrease of postoperative corneal sensitivity(r<0.4, p>0.05).
Cornea ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Myopia ; Sensation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative keratometric value on corneal flap dimensions, records of 81 eyes of 45 patients who had LASIK were analyzed retrospectively. METHOD: Corneal thickness and diameter , and keratometric value were measured preoperatively. RESULTS: In this study, SCMD Turbokeratome was set for making a corneal flap with 150 micron thickness and 8.25 mm diameter. In reality, however, the mean corneal flap thickness was 110.7+/-15.7 micron and the mean corneal flap diameter was 7.89+/-0.33 mm. The lower mean preoperative keratometric value, the thicker(r=-0.325, p=0.003) and the smaller(r=0.460, p=0.009) diameter flap was made. When we divided eyes into three groups according to their keratometric values, eyes with keratometric values lower than 42.5 D resulted in corneal flap with 116.70+/-12.6 micron thickness and 7.65(0.28mm diameter as opposed to 102.16+/-13.41 micron thickness and 8.05+/-0.37 mm diameter flap in corneas having keratometric values above 44.5 D(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: When a LASIK flap was made using SCMD manual keratome, steeper corneas tend to have larger and thinner corneal flaps. In conclusion, for making the corneal flap according to the intended thickness and diameter in LASIK, preoperative keratometric value should be considered carefully.
Cornea ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Retrospective Studies