No abstract available.
Adult* ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Pulmonary Embolism*

Cutaneous chromomycosis is a slow growing verrucous skin infection caused by five species, identified as Philadophara verruscosa, Fonsecaea dermatitidis, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Fonsecaea compactum, Cladosporium, carionii. We report a case of chromomycosis of the skin causing by Cladosporium genus, in view of its rarity and unique light microscopic and ultrastructural features. This 65-year-old female had suffered from eczematous and lichenified skin lesion for the last two years since she burned her dorsum of the left hand by boiling oil. The lesion was slowly progressed, and ended up to the brownish hardening of the skin covered with crusts. Skin punch biopsy was done. Histologically, the sections revealed typical features of chronic granulomatous inflammation along with the heavy infiltration of the lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes. Pseudocarcinomatous downgrowth of the epidermis and microabscesses in the upper dermis were also found. Numerous thick walled fungal organisms were noted within the giant cells and freely in the dermis, which were positive ant PAS stain, and diastase resistant. Thick mucous capsule is not observed. The organisms showed very faint yellowish walls with a few buddings and a few short elongated hyphae were also noted. Ultrastructurally, the fungus wall was multilayered and inner organelles were sparse. There is no evidence of systemic involvement, especially brain.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

Primary oxalosis is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the peroxisomal enzyme alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase(type I) and D-glyceric dehydrogenase(type II). It is characterized by the triad of radiopaque urolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and latered renal function. We report a case of primary oxalosis in a 10-year-old Korean girl. She presented with chronic renal failure at 9 years of age. Ultrasonographic examination revealed bilateral, multiple renal and ureteral stones. Removed stones were chemically analysed to be composed of calcium oxalate. She underwent renal transplantation after prolonged period of dialysis. Removed kidneys were firm and gritty. Cut sections showed numerous tiny yellow sandy stones and a large staghorn stone. Specimen X-ray also exhibited disseminated fine granular and often coalescent radiopaque materials throughout the cortex and medulla. Microscopically numerous varying-sized crystals were noted in the kidney in globular or rhomboid appearance. The crystals were semitranslucent and doubly refractile under the polarized light. Diffuse interstitial fibrosis and chronic inflammation as well as glomerular obsolescence were also noted. The oxalate deposit was diffuse and marked, and was thought to be intimately related to the parenchymal damage and fibrosis.

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is found in 0.1% of live born infants. If present, this lesion has a 6.3% chance to develop malignant melanoma. We report such a case in a 22-year-old woman who had multiple pigmented skin lesions since birth. Rapidly growing masses were recently detected in the 19 cm-sized occipital pigmented lesion. Removed scalp lesion revealed yellowish white lobulated soft nodules in the background of pigmented nevus. Microscopically, the nodules consisted of epithelioid cells with prominent nucleoli, and pleomorphic cells including signetring cells. These cells seldom contained melanin pigment. There were metastatic aggregates of tumor cells in the cervical lymph node, which were reminiscent of germinal centers of lymph nodes. S-100 protein immunostaining was helpful to distinguish them. Incidentally, focally scattered pigmented spindle cells were seen in the capsule of a lymph node
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Mice* ; RNA, Messenger*

One of the pathophysiologic change of priapism is known as hypoxic condition of corpus cavernosum. In vitro study of corpus cavernosum under hypoxia showed suppressed endothelium- dependent relaxation caused by cholinergic and nonadrenergic noncholinergic neuroeffector system, but in vivo study it is not fully evaluated yet. So this study aimed to identify the changes of corpus cavernosum related to cholinergic neuroeffector system and endothelium derived relaxation factor (EDRF) under hypoxia in animal study and to understand the Physiologic change of priapism. Under the general anesthesia with tracheostomy, adult male cats were conditioned at normoxia and hypoxia with ventilation. Acetylcholine, Nc-monomethyl-L- arginine (L-NMMA) and L-arginine was infused via internal pudendal artery. The change of intracavernosal pressure in response to drugs were monitored with physiograph (Gilson, IC-MP) in both normoxic and hypoxic state. The relaxation effect of acetylcholine under hypoxia was weaker than under normoxia (n=5, p suppressed by L-NMMA under normoxia but not under hypoxia. L-arginine showed the relaxation effect under normoxia but, no relaxation under hypoxia. These result suggest that acetylcholine induced relaxation was influenced in a some by hypoxic condition but not suppressed completely. EDRF pathway via nitric oxide synthesis does not play a role in relaxation of cat corpus cavernosum under hypoxia.
Acetylcholine ; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Anoxia* ; Arginine ; Arteries ; Cats* ; Endothelium ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide* ; omega-N-Methylarginine ; Priapism ; Relaxation* ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilation

The authors observed one case of typical Kaposi's sarcoma who was 24 year old male. This patient complained of dark-brownish pigmented macules and oozing ulcer on the right knee joint area since at birth and the lesions were slowly growing and increased the number with pain. The skin lesions revealed 3*2.5cm sized dark-brownish colored macuIe, 2.5*3*1cm sized blood discharged nodule and 1* 1cm to l. 5* l. 5cm sized dark-brownish atrophic macules on the right inguinal area.Histopathologically, a biopsy was done on the right knee joint area, the finding showed angiomatous and fibrotic nature, I.e. the blood vessels in the dermis were dilated and increased in number. The endothelial cell was large and protrude into the lumen and showed small group of extravasated erythrocytes in granulation tissue, and showed extensive proliferation of spindle shaped cells that extended irregularly into various direction.
Biopsy ; Blood Vessels ; Dermis ; Endothelial Cells ; Erythrocytes ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Parturition ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Young Adult

A case of postirradiation extraskeletal osteosarcoma with aggressive fibromatosis of the overlying soft tissue of radiation field is reported in a 57 year old house wife who was treated with operation and radiation therapy for cervix carcinoma of the uterus 23 years ago. The overlying aggressive fibromatosis showed characteristic radiation angiitis and atrophic vascular changes such as hyaline degeneration and obliteration of the capillaries which were highly campatible with radiation changes. She also had multiple osteogenic sarcoma in pelvic cavity, occurring in the mesentery bed. As for the histogenesis in this case, we thought the possiblity that fibroblasts went through a process of differentiation into osteoblasts that were responsible for bone formation in the process of malignant change of the aggressive fibromatosis.

No abstract available.
Bile Duct Neoplasms* ; Bile Ducts* ; Bile*

Laminin-1 is biologically active and can effect cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. In the central nervous system, neuronal cells are rarely reported to give positive reaction by laminin antibody staining. However, the original cell type which can produce the laminin molecule has not been well established. Since the neuronal cells of brain are derived from neuroectoderm, we thought that the neuronal cells should be able to produce the laminin molecules as other epithelial cells. In this study we aimed to explore whether the neuronal cells express the laminin chain mRNAs, and further to identify which types of laminin isoform are expressed at the specific sites of the brain structure. We found that neuronal cell was the important cell type in mouse brain, which could produce laminin isoforms. Although immunostainings disclosed reactivity of laminins in the basement membrane of capillaries as well as neuronal cells, mRNA expressions of laminins were intense only in the neuronal cells. It was relatively weak in the endothelial cells. Among neuronal cells the cortical cells of cerebrum, pyramidal cells of hippocampus, and Purkinje cells of cerebellum showed pronounced expression of laminin chain mRNA. Glial cells, especially astrocytes, were negative for laminin subtypes both in immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Taken together, our data indicate that the neuronal cells of mouse brain actively produce laminin isoforms, and the resultant polymerized laminins are accumulated mainly in the basement membrane of capillaries. In conclusion, the results indicate that neuronal cells produce and utilize the different laminin chains to maintain the neurovascular environment of brain.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Astrocytes ; Basement Membrane ; Brain* ; Capillaries ; Cell Proliferation ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebellum ; Cerebrum ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelial Cells ; Hippocampus ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Laminin* ; Mice* ; Neural Plate ; Neuroglia ; Neurons* ; Polymers ; Protein Isoforms ; Purkinje Cells ; Pyramidal Cells ; RNA, Messenger