PURPOSE: A varicocele is the most common correctable cause of infertility in men. Conventional techniques of varicocele repair are associated with substantial risks of hydrocele formation, varicoele persistence and recurrence. The inguinal approach with classic Palomo technique was used to be simplified the procedure and to get the same good results with the Palomo technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1990 to March 1997, we experienced surgical corrections of 54 patients with varicocele(A mean age 20.3 years) The most of patients were left-sided(96.3%). Until March 1996, surgical correction with Palomo(6 patients) and modified Palomo(13 patients) technique by retroperitoneal approach and Ivanissevich techrique(20 patients) by inguinal approach have been performed, and since April 1996, Palomo technique(15 patients) with inguinal approach has been performed, in which the entire vascular pedicle is ligated superior to the entrance of the was deferens through the inguinal incision. RESULTS: The postoperative recurrences in the modified Palomo technique occurred In two of the 13 patients(15%) and in the Ivanissevich technique in three of the 20 patients(15%). But there were no recurrences In the retroperitoneal Palomo and modified inguinal Palomo techniques. The modified inguinal Palomo technique was completed within 45.3minutes in mean duration, but the standard retroperitoneal Palomo technique within 55.2minutes, modified Palomo technique within 57.2minutes and Ivanissevich technique within 51.4minutes. There was no varicocele recurrence, hydrocele and atrophy of testis in modified inguinal Palomo techniques. CONCLUSIONS: The modified inguinal Palomo technique was easily approachable and relatively fast in our experience and had no recurrence.
Atrophy ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Recurrence ; Testis ; Varicocele*

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma comprises 12 to 45 percent of all liposarcoma. It has been a therapeutic dilemma and a less prognosis because of its tendency to attain a tremendous size due to early silent growth and difficult wide en bloc excision in the retroperitoneum. Here in we report a case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma in 51 year old male patient with a brief review of the literatures.
Humans ; Liposarcoma* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis

Malignant Mixed Mullerian tumors(MMMTs) are unusual neoplasms occumng mostly in the uterus and, ralely, they arise in the ovary. The clinical features of malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary are similiar to other ovarian malignancies. The clinical course is rapidly progressive and fatal. The optimal treatment modalities has remained elusive. The most reliable prognostic criterion is the initial tumor stage and the overall survival was poor. We experienced two cases of malignant mixed miillerian tumor of the ovary, so we report these cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Female ; Ovary* ; Respiratory Sounds ; Uterus

BACKGROUND: Thin hairs are critical to achieve natural result in female hairline correction surgery. However, there are few studies on the usefulness of hair thinning by intense pulsed light (IPL) after hairline correction surgery in East Asian females. METHODS: Hair thinning using IPL was performed in 54 women who had complained about thick hairs along the frontal hairline after hairline correction surgery. Patient mean age was 31.2 years old and patients were an average of 2.1 years post-hairline correction surgery. Initial treatment used 10 J, while second and third sessions were conducted with 10 to 15 J according to responsiveness to treatment. RESULTS: Mean thickness of individual hairs assessed before the procedure was 78.86 µm. The mean number of procedures was 1.6 per patient. Forty of 54 subjects (74%) achieved satisfactory hair thinning with only one procedure from 78.01 to 66.14 µm after treatment. The measured thickness was 66.43 µm at the end of the first year in patients who were satisfied after one procedure. Thirteen cases achieved satisfactory hair thinning after two sessions. Mean thickness was 74.44 µm and 67.51 µm, before and after the second session. One case required a third session with 15J, thinning from 89.00 to 66.50 µm. CONCLUSIONS: Hair thinning by IPL is a very useful method to provide a natural look after hairline correction surgery in East Asians, who have naturally thick hair.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Female ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Hair Removal* ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Methods

We report the first case of an angiomyomatous hamartoma (AH) of the popliteal lymph nodes (LNs) occurring in association with diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the knee. AH is a rare benign vascular disease with a predisposition for the LNs of the inguinal region. Twenty-five cases of AH have been reported to date; however, the precise pathogenesis is still undetermined. In the present case, an open synovectomy revealed two of three popliteal LNs in close proximity to the extra-articular component of diffuse PVNS. These LNs demonstrated irregularly distributed thick-walled blood vessels in the hilum. These vessels extended into the medulla and cortex and were associated with haphazardly arranged smooth muscle cells in the sclerotic stroma. These findings are compatible with an AH. Our observations raise the possibility that AH of the popliteal LNs may represent an abnormal proliferative reaction against the inflammatory process caused by PVNS of the knee.
Angiomyoma ; Blood Vessels ; Hamartoma ; Knee ; Lymph Nodes ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Vascular Diseases

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of height and tilt adjustable keyboard tray on work-related musculoskeletal pain in visual display terminal (VDT) workers. METHOD: Twenty-one VDT workers, who had myofascial pain in upper trapezius (UTZ) and extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) or brevis (ECRB) during VDT work, were randomly assigned to a control (n=10) that used conventional keyboard or experimental group (n=11) that used height and tilt adjustable keyboard tray. A pretest assessed the visual analog scale (VAS), pain threshold of UTZ and ECRL or ECRB, and grip and tip pinch strength as well as upper extremity function index (UEFI). Post-test was conducted 1 month later. Additionally, differences in working posture between the two groups were evaluated. RESULTS: For the UTZ, the decrease of VAS (p<0.05) and increase of pain threshold (p<0.01) in experimental group were significantly greater than control group after 1 month. Increase of right grip strength (p<0.01) and UEFI (p<0.05) in the experimental group were significantly larger than control group. Experimental group showed lower keyboard height (p<0.01) and smaller elbow angle (p<0.01) as well as more anterior tilted keyboard angle (p<0.01) than the control group. CONCLUSION: Application of height and tilt adjustable keyboard tray seems to affect the working posture, thus reduce the work-related musculoskeletal pain of UTZ as well as enhance the strength of right grip strength and upper extremity function in VDT workers. Additionally, anterior keyboard tilting may help to reduce wrist extension in low keyboard height which contributes to decreasing UTZ muscle tension.
Computer Terminals ; Elbow ; Hand Strength ; Muscle Tonus ; Musculoskeletal Pain* ; Pain Threshold ; Pinch Strength ; Posture ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Upper Extremity ; Visual Analog Scale ; Wrist

Tetanus is an infectious disease that causes muscle spasm with spastic paralysis and pain. Localized tetanus is rare and milder than the generalized form, however, it should be immediately treated because it may precede the onset of generalized form. The authors experienced a case of localized tetanus in both legs with abdominal pain after lumbar radiculopathy acupuncture treatment and here report this case with relevant literature reviews.

Tetanus is an infectious disease that causes muscle spasm with spastic paralysis and pain. Localized tetanus is rare and milder than the generalized form, however, it should be immediately treated because it may precede the onset of generalized form. The authors experienced a case of localized tetanus in both legs with abdominal pain after lumbar radiculopathy acupuncture treatment and here report this case with relevant literature reviews.

BACKGROUND: The most crucial factor in hair transplantation for male pattern baldness (MPB) patients is the efficient utilization of the donor-recipient ratio. However, there is no known factor that scientifically predicts the rate of progression of alopecia or indicates a permanently safe donor area. METHODS: The study considered 1,008 Korean adult males with MPB; of these, it excluded 56 males with an absence of parietal whorls (PWs). The authors investigated the distance from the vertical bimeatal line (VM) to the PW, from the PW to the upper border of the helical rim (HR), and the distance from the PW to the occipital fringe (OF) in 952 subjects with a PW. Furthermore, we examined the distance from the PW to the OF considering the duration of alopecia and age in 322 subjects with vertex alopecia. RESULTS: The distance between the VM and PW varied from 1.5 to 11 cm, with an average distance of 6.25 cm. The PW-HR distance ranged from 3.4 to 17.5 cm, and the average distance was 7.79 cm. The PW-OF distance ranged from 0.5 to 5.5 cm, and the average distance was 2.37 cm. CONCLUSIONS: For the PW, very large variations existed in the vertical direction. The position of the PW could predict the progression range of the total alopecia of the vertex. Alopecia mostly progresses within 6 cm of the PW toward the occipital side.
Adult ; Alopecia* ; Hair Follicle ; Hair* ; Humans ; Male ; Rabeprazole* ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplant Donor Site

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and distribution of parenchymal changes on mammography before and after hormone replacement therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mammograms of 100 postmenopausal women who underwent hormone replacement therapy without breast disease were evaluated. Mammograms obtained annually after hormone replacement were analysed and compared with that of pretreatment. In addition, mammograms of control group and treatment group were compared. RESULTS: An increase in density of breast parenchyma was seen on the mammogram of 20 women(20%) receiving therapy. The mammograms from the control group showed no change. Mammographic changes were detected at first year in 13 women, 2nd year in 4 women, 3rd year in 2 women, and 4th year in 1 woman (average,19 months). CONCLUSION: We conclude that increase in mammographic density following postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy is not uncommon(20%).
Breast Diseases ; Breast* ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy* ; Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Mammography*