No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Kidney* ; Lactulose* ; Liver* ; Rats* ; Sepsis*

No abstract available.
Female ; Mammals* ; Ovulation* ; Rupture*

An isolated granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) of the left ovary occured in the absence of leukemia in a 12-year-old woman. This lesion is defined as a localized tumor mass composed of immature cells of the granulocytic series. Granulocytic sarcomas can occur at extramedullary sites including ovary but, isolated myelosarcoma in the absence of usual manifestations of AML may be rare and has some difficulties in diagnosis. Contrary to findings in other series, granulocytic sarcoma arising in this nonleukemic patient did not progress to acute leukemia during two years she has been followed.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Ovary* ; Sarcoma, Myeloid*

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: Epidural administration of local anesthetics and opiate or intravenous administration of opiate and ketorolac has proven to be effective in the treatment of postoperative pain. Studies that compare epidual morphine-bupivacaine vs intravenous nalbuphine-ketorolac administration showed conflicting results. We compared the ability and side effects of epidural (EPI-PCA) morphine-bupivacaine versus intravenous (IV-PCA) nalbuphine-ketorolac for postoperative pain relief after cesarean delivery. METHOD: Sixty healthy women were randomly assigned to receive an epidural bolus of morphine 3 mg mixed with 0.5% bupivacaine 10 ml, followed by a EPI-PCA with 0.0125% morphine and 0.125% bupivacaine (basal infusion 2 ml/hr, bolus 0.5 ml, lock-out interval 15 min) or intravenous bolus of nalbuphine 5 mg, followed by a IV-PCA with 0.05% nalbuphine and 0.15% ketorolac (basal infusion 2 ml/hr, bolus 0.5 ml, lock-out interval 30 min) for pain relief after cesarean delivery. The intensity of pain was assessed by the patient, who was unawared of the dose given, using a visual analog scale (VAS). To compare intensity of pain, VAS was used at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 40 hour after the end of surgery. RESULT : EPI-PCA group had significant lower visual analog scale (VAS) at immediate postoperative period, whereas no significant difference was observed when pain was assessed at other time sequence. Pruritus was more frequent with EPI-PCA group, although the incidence of other side effects were the same. CONCLUSION: We conclude that EPI-PCA or IV-PCA using morphine-bupivacaine or nalbuphine- ketorolac is relatively effective and safe method for the postoperative pain control. Although EPI-PCA with morphine-bupivacaine shows lower VAS at immediate postoperative period, IV-PCA with nalbuphine-ketorolac is a safe and effective alternative to EPI-PCA with morphine-bupivacaine for providing pain relief after cesarean delivery.
Administration, Intravenous ; Analgesia* ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ketorolac ; Morphine ; Nalbuphine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Period ; Pruritus ; Visual Analog Scale

BACKGROUND: Caudal injection of local anesthetics with morphine is the most common anesthetic technique for perianal operation and postoperative analgesia. This study was purposed to compare the onset time of caudal analgesia, postoperative analgesic effect and side effects. METHOD: Sixty healthy patients scheduled for perianal operation were divided into 2 groups randomly. Group I was given 2 mg of morphine in 20 ml of 2% mepivacaine via sacral hiatus. Group II was also given 2 mg of morphine in 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine caudally. We measured the onset time of caudal block, time to the first request of analgesics, the number of analgesics within 24 hours and the incidence of postoperative side effects. Analgesic effect was evaluated by visual analogue scales (VAS) at 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. RESULT : The onset time of caudal block for operation and the first request time of analgesic for postoperative pain was significantly shorter in group I than group II. The analgesic use in the first 24 hours was significantly more in group I than group II. The side effects were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the combined use of morphine and bupivacaine provided better postoperative analgesia than the combined use of morphine and mepivacaine.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mepivacaine* ; Morphine* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Graft Survival* ; Humans ; Living Donors* ; Risk Factors* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Genitalia* ; Humans ; Male*

Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobe responsible for a wide range of diseases in animals and humans. Symptoms associated with C. perfringens food poisoning are caused by enterotoxin expressed only during sporulation of C. perfringens. It has been known that only 6% of global C. perfringens isolates carry the enterotoxin gene. We found 2 strains of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens out of 33 strains isolated from various sources in Korea using PCR. It was also found that these two strains were both type A that were strongly associated with food poisoning by checking the presence of four major lethal toxins (a-, B-, e-, l-toxin) using PCR. These results suggest that foodborne illness caused by C. perfringens may be common in Korea and that public education is necessary to prevent contamination of foods by this organism.
Animals ; Clostridium perfringens* ; Clostridium* ; Education ; Enterotoxins* ; Foodborne Diseases ; Humans ; Korea* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction