No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Drug Therapy* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Drug Therapy* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

Between December 18, 1985 and May 31, 1986 at the VD Clinic, Choong-ku Public Health Center, in Seoul, 274 male patients with uncomplicated gonococcal infection, including 124 penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG) infection, were entered into the study. They were divided randomly into the group A and the group B. In the group A, treated with kanamycin 2g, im regimen, 126 of 137 patients were followed and 86 patients(68.3%) were cured. In the group B, treated with gentamicin 240mg, im regimen, 125 of 137 patients were followed and 78 patients(62.4%) were cured. The cure rates in PPNG urethritis were 63.9%(39/61) in the group A and 50.9%(29/57) in the group B. The cure rates in non PPNG urethritis were 72.3%(47/65) in the group A and 72.1% (49/68) in the group B. No significant difference was observed in cure rates between two groups. It is suggested that. both kanamycin 2g, im regimen and gentamicin 240mg, im regimen is not suitable for a first line treatment for uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis.
Gentamicins* ; Humans ; Kanamycin* ; Male* ; Neisseria ; Penicillinase ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Urethritis*

From November 18 to December 31, 1986, seventy-five male patients with unconplicated gonococcal urethritis at the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-ku Public Health Center in Seoul were allocated randomly into one of two treatment regimens, and seventy patients were followed. All thirty-five patients including PPNG infections, treated with single oral dose of norfloxacin 600mg, were recovered(100%). One of thirty-five patients treated with a single oral dose of norfloxacin 800mg, failed. This failed case was one of eighteen nonPPNG infections (failure rate of 5.6%). Susceptibility test with disks containing norfloxacin 10ug showed the inhibition zone greater than 30mm. It is suggested that a single oral dose of 600mg or 800mg norfloxacin has good effect in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis with minimal side effects. Because of high prevalence of PPNG, it can be recommended as the first line treatment for gonorrhoea in Korea.
Humans ; Korea ; Male* ; Norfloxacin* ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Urethritis*

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To identify the value of symptoms in head trauma patients with alert mental status requiring a head CT scan. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed at an emergency center over 8 months period. Patients(age > or = 7) were enrolled if they presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 and underwent head CT after head trauma. The symptoms and signs were recorded in the entry forms prior to head CT The symptoms found in the patients with normal CT were compared with those in abnormal CT showing intracranial injuries. RESULTS: Among the 168 patients, traumatic intracranial abnormality was identified in 34(20.2%) by CT. Skull fracture was idendified in 8(4.8%) in normal CT, 17(10.1%) in abnormal CT group by simple X-ray and CT. In the normal CT group without skull fracture, 65(52.0%) had headache, 61(48.8%) had loss of consciousness( LOC), 43(34.4%) had vomiting, 24(19.2%) had nausea, 7(5.6%) had dizziness. In the abnormal CT group without skull fracture, 14(77.8%) had heacache, 9(50.0%) had LOC, 9(50.0%) had vomiting, 2(11.1%) had nausea, 2(11.1%) had dizziness. The patients with headache were significantly more common in the abnormal CT group. CONCLUSION: A head CT is required in alert head trauma patients with any symptoms and signs of intracranial injuries, especially with headache.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Dizziness ; Emergencies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head* ; Headache ; Humans ; Nausea ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Fractures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Imrnortalized human fetal liver cell lines established by transfecting simian virus 40 T gene wae found to lose differentiated liver cell functions in successive long-term culture. Butyrate, known as a differentiation-promoting agent for a variety of cancer cell lines, is produced in the colon by bacterial flora and selectively transported into the liver though the portal blood flow. Therefe, butyrate might play a role in the maintenance of differentiation in hepatocytes in vivo. In thepresent study, the effects of butyrate on cell growth and differentiation in human fetal liver cell lines was investigated. METHODS: Human fetal liver cell lines imrnortalized by SV 40 T antigen were treated with sodium butyrate (1mM), and cell growth rate after butyrate treatment were nmsured by the number of viable cells, determined by trypan blue dye exclusice method. The effects of sodium butyrate on the hepatocyte-specific differentiatian were assessed by albumin and alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA expression, analyzed using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and were also by the increment of albumin secretion into culture media, determined by a competitive inhibition ELISA. RESULTS: Treatment with sodium butyrate resulted in a cessation of cellular proliferation and alterations in cellular morphology (increased cell size and polygonal change in shape). The level of albumin mRNA after sodium butyrate treatment was elevated by about two times as compared to that of control. In contrast, AFP mRNA expression were dennstrated neither before nor after sodium butyrate treatment. The average amount of albumin released in the medium was less than 6pghnl/10'cells/2days in the absence of sodium butyrate, and increased to 17 p g/ml/10'cells/2days at day 2, 21ugfml 10'cells/2days at day 4 in the presence of sodium butyrate, and these levels thereafter were over 10 times higher than that in the absence of sodium butyrate until day 10. CONCLUSION: These mults indicate that treatment of immcetalized fetal liver cell lines with butyrate leads to inhibition of cellular proliferation and promotion of adult hepatocyte-specific differentiation.
Adult ; Antigens, Viral, Tumor ; Butyrates ; Butyric Acid* ; Cell Line* ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Size ; Colon ; Culture Media ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatocytes ; Humans* ; Liver* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; Simian virus 40 ; Sodium* ; Trypan Blue

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There is considerable variance in individual susceptibility to hepato-toxic effects of ethanol as evidenced by the finding that only about 10-20% of alcoholics develop alcoholic liver cirrhosis. The aims of this study were, 1) to get the data on the genetic polymorphisms of three major ethanol-metabolizing enzymes (ADH, CYP2E1, ALDH) in normal Korean adults, and to search for the specific genotypes influencing alcohol drinking behavior by the comparison of allele frequencies between healthy control group and heavy drinker group with or without liver disease, 2) to investigate the influence of the genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes on the susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease by the comparison of allele frequencies between heavy drinker group without liver disease and alcoholic liver cirrhosis group. METHODS: Healthy control group included 53 healthy males in military service without evidence of liver disease or alcoholism. Heavy drinker group without liver cirrhosis included 29 males who had been drinking 80g or more of alcohol daily for more than ten years but did not have any clinical evidence of liver disease. Alcoholic cirrhosis group included 43 male patients who had drunk 80g or more of alcohol daily for more than ten years and had clinical evidences of overt cirrhosis. Subjects with hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-hepatitis C antibody were excluded. Genotypes of the three enzymes were determined by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with genomic DNAs extracted from peripheral leukocytes. RESULTS: 1) In healthy Korean males, allele frequency of ADH22, ADH31, CYP2E1 c2 and ALDH22 was 81%, 94%, 30% and 14%, respectively. 2) The absence of ALDH22 or CYP2E1 c2 allele were significant risk factors for being a heavy drinker (odds ratio,' 0.09, 0.42, respectively). 3) Although it was not associated with the polymorphism of each ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, the susceptibility to alcoholic liver cirrhosis was significantly associated with combined genotypes of ADH2(22) & ADH3(1+1)& CYP2E1 B or C. COMCLUSION: Genetic polymorphisms of ethanol-metabolizing enzyrnes are significantly associated with the suseptability to alcoholic liver disease as well as alcohol drinking behavior.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics* ; Alcoholism ; Alleles ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; DNA ; Drinking ; Ethanol ; Fibrosis ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic* ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Risk Factors

: In order to observe the antigenic fractions in saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani, proteins in the crude extract were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in reducing conditions. The separated protein fractions were transferred to nitrocellulose paper on which 20 sera from human paragonimiasis were reacted and immunoblotted. Out of 15 stained protein bands in SDS-PAGE, 7 reacted with the sera. Of 14 reacted bands, 30 kilodalton(kDa) band was the most frequently reacted (95%) and was a strong antigen. Protein bands of 23 and 46 kDa were also strong antigens. Bands of over 150 kDa, 120 kDa, 92 kDa, 86 kDa, 74 kDa, 62 kDa, 51 kDa, 32 kDa, 28 kDa, 16.5 kDa and 15.5 kDa were also reactive but their frequencies of the reaction were variable.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Paragonimus westermani ; immunology ; antigen ; electrophoresis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Lens culinaris agglutinin-A reactive alpha-fetoprotein (AFP L3) has been reported to be highly specific for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of AFP-L3 for the diagnosis of HCC in the patients either with chronic liver disease or with HCC in complete remission who showed significant increment of serum AFP level and no mass lesion in the liver on ultrasonography. METHODS: A total numer of 34 patients (24 with chronic liver disease, 10 with HCC in complete remission) were enrolled, who showed significant increment of serum AFP level and no mass lesion in the liver on ultrasonography. Serum AFP L3 levels were analysed by AFP differentiation kit L. Abdominal spiral CT or ultrasonogram was performed at 1-3 month intervals and all of the patients were followed up for more than 6 months. RESULTS: Among 24 patients with chronic liver disease, two were positive (higher than 15%) for AFP L3; however, HCC was not detected in these patients, while HCCs were detected in two of 22 patients negative for AFP L3 during followe-up. Eight of the 10 patients with HCC in complete remission were positive for AFP L3; recurrent HCCs were detected in 7 of those 8 patients as well as in the rest 2 patients negative for AFP L3 during follow-up. The overall sensitivity and specificity of AFP L3 measurement for the detection of HCC within 6 months of follow-up were 63.6% and 87.0%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive value for HCC in patients with chronic liver disease were O% and 90.9% and for recurrent HCC in HCC patients in remission were 87.5% and ON, respectively. CONCLUSION: The measurement of AFP L3 is suggested to be useful for the diagnostic strategy in patients either with chronic liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma in complete remission, who showed progressive increment of serum AFP level and no mass lesion in liver on ultrasonogram.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lens Plant* ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver* ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Ultrasonography*