No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lordosis*

The pulsed dye laser(Technomed pulsolith) with a wave-length of 504nm was irradiated directly in vitro on four human ureters which were obtained by ureteronephrectomy. The irradiation was at 5Hz with a pulse energy of 40 to 100mJ and total pulse count of 200 to 1000. Immediately after irradiation, the ureteral tissues were fixed with formalin solution and H&E stain. The extent of tissue damage was examined with light microscope. In this experimental study, we observed that mucosal damage occurred from pulse energy of 60mJ, total pulse rate of 600 and submucosal damage occurred from pulse energy of 80mJ, total pulse rate of 800. But We believed that the pulsed dye laser was safe because most stones were fragmented at less than a pulse energy of 80mJ, a total pulse rate of 800, and the ureter was irradiated indirectly during laser lithotripsy.
Formaldehyde ; Heart Rate ; Humans* ; Lasers, Dye ; Lithotripsy, Laser ; Ureter*

A clinical analysis was done on 134 cases with bronchial asthma who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics Yeungnam University from May 1987 to October 1991. The results were as follows: 1) The peak age of bronchial asthma was under 2 years. The sex ratio of male to female was 2.9:1. 2) The outbreak of bronchial asthma was most common in fall, especially in September. 3) The past history of other allergic diseases were present in 22.4% of patients (30/134 cases), and the previous bronchiolitis in infancy were experienced in 12.7% of patients (17/134 cases). 4) According to the skin test for allergens done by RAST, the most common allergens were Mites and House dust. 5) Eosinophilia (T.E.C>250/min) was found in 29.1%t of patients, and elevated lgE level (>200 IU/ml) was found in 63.2% of patients. 6) No significant differences in the serum lgE level were found between male and female patients. No significant differences in the serum lgE level were found between asthma patients with and without other allergic diseases. 7) The serum lgE level of school aged patients was significant higher than that of preschool aged (p<0.01).
Allergens ; Asthma* ; Bronchiolitis ; Dust ; Eosinophilia ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mites ; Pediatrics ; Sex Ratio ; Skin Tests

BACKGROUND: Recently, inireaing numbers of chemotherapeutic agens are being used to treat cancer patients. Mucocutaeous complications are commonly sen in association with the administration of these medicaticins. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a study in cancer chemotherapy patient so determine the suspected chemotherapeutic agents ancl frequency of various mucocutaneous side effects in these patients. METHODS: The study involved 140 patients admitted from Decerrae 1993 to September 1994 for cancer chemot herapy at Korea University Guro Hospital. RESULTS: The mucocutaneous side effects during chemotherapy were alopecia(55%), hyperpig mentation(32.9%), stomatitis(20%), phlebitis(12.9%), flushing(8.6%) descending order. Visual grade II, IV alopecia patients were most common, but as the chemot retpy cycle increased so, the severer the alopecia. Although the onset of the alopecia were variake many patients experienced alopcia within 17 to 24 days after the start of chemotherapy. Serpeitie supravenous fluorouracil hyperpigmentation were commor,(17.9%), Diffuse and longitudinal or horizontal band like nail pigmentation were observed, and, pigmented macules were also observei, epecially on the palms and digits. Stomatitis usually developed within 10 days after the start of chemotherapy and it persist ed for about 7 days and the most of the lesions were resolved spor Laeously. Other clinical manifestations accompanied with chmotherapy were tinea infection(16.4%), acne(7.1%), oral thrush (7%), white nail band(4.3%), pruritus(2.9%) in descending order. CONCLUSION: So, physiciars need to be aware of the widely divergnal cutaneous reactions which may occur with the use of antiancer medications.
Alopecia ; Candidiasis, Oral ; Drug Therapy* ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Korea ; Pigmentation ; Stomatitis ; Tinea

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Renal Artery*

BACKGROUND: Preoperative identification of systemic and pulmonary venous return is essential for surgical design in situs ambiguus. This study was carried out to evaluate anatomy of systemic and pulmonary venous return and to assess clinical efficacy of magnetic resonance imagine(MR) by comparing with results of cardiac catheterization(Cath) and echocardiography(Echo). MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR performed on 22 patients with cardiac situs ambiguus(right isomerism ; 13, left isomerism ; 9). MR findings were compared with the findings of Cath and Echo for the assessment of diagnostic accuracy of MR in 19 patients. RESULTS: 1) Interruptions of IVC with azygous continuation were found in all patients of left isomerism. But IVC was drained to right of left sided atria in right isomerism. 2) Brlateral SVC were found in 12 of 22 situs ambiguus(left isomersm ; 5, right isomerism ; 8). 3) Total anomalous pulmonary venous returns(TAPVR) were found in 7 of 12 right isomerism. Location of vertical veins were as follows ; prearterial(n=1), retroarterial-prebronchial(n=3), retrobronchial(n=3). In 5 patients of remained 6 right isomerism, pulmonary venous returns(PAPVR) in which right and left pulmonary veins entered to right and left atrium respectively, were found in 5 of 9 left isomerism. 4) Compared with Cath and Echo findings(n=19) in which MR, Cath and Echo were performed simultaneously, TAPVR were found in 6 cases on MR but 2 cases on Cath and Echo. The cases that were not detected by Cath showed severe decrement of pulmonary flow due to hypoplasia of pulmonary artery or obstruction of pulmonary vein. On MR, accurate anatomy of PAPVR were found only in 4 cases. CONCLUSIONS: MR can provide accurate and complete imaging of systemic and pulmonary venous return in sitrs ambiguus. Especially, MR is superior to Cath or Echo in depiction of TAPVR with severe decrement of pulmonary flow of obstruction of pulmonary vein, PAPVR and bilateral SVC.
Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heterotaxy Syndrome* ; Humans ; Isomerism ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Veins ; Scimitar Syndrome ; Veins

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of the treatment of the hip fractures in elderly hemiplegic CVA patients with disuse osteoporosis. Hemiplegic CVA patients have much difficulties in rehabilitation such as walking, daily activity of living and so forth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical records on thirty-four CVA patients who had undergone the treatment in hip fracture and followed more than 12 months of period between March 1998 and March 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment methods were 22 cases of bipolar hemiarthroplasty, 6 cases of compression hip screw, 3 cases of ender nail, 3 cases of multiple cannulated screw. We compared the groups underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty (Group I), internal fixation (Group II), fracture in ipsilateral (Group A), fracture in contralateral (Group B). We evaluated the results by modified Harris hip score, walker ambulation time, walking ability and activity of daily living. RESULTS: The mean postoperative modified Harris hip score was decreased in Group I (11.7 points), Group II (9.6 points), Group A (10.0 points), Group B (12.3 points). Recovery of preoperative walking ability was achieved in total 21 cases (62%) that 7 cases (58%) were observed in Group I, 14 cases (64%) in Group II, 18 cases (67%) in Group A and 3 cases (43%) in Group B. Basic activity of daily living was possible in 18 cases (53%). CONCLUSION: Hemiplegic CVA patients with hip fracture have much difficulties in rehabilitation. However, with appropriate treatment and confident positive attitude for rehabilitations of the patients, doctors and family members, we can expect more reliable results close to the pre-injury status in terms of walking ability and activity of daily living.
Aged* ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip Fractures ; Hip* ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Rehabilitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke* ; Walkers ; Walking

PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of mortality for the elderly patients after treatment of hip fractures and analyze the associated risk factors which might affect their mortality rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About the clinical records on 305 patients who had undergone the treatment in hip fractures, we evaluated the mortality rate of the total number of 248 patients whose age between 70 and 103 who were followed more than 12 months of period between March 1994 and March 2003. The mean age was 81.3 years. The composition of each female and male were 176 and 72 cases respectively. 99 cases were femoral neck fractures, and 149 cases were femoral intertrochanteric fractures. The operation included bipolar hemiarthroplasty and internal fixation using multiple cannulated screws, compression hip screws and Ender nails. We compared and analyzed the relating factors for the mortality rate. RESULTS: The mean postoperative mortality rate was 14.1% (35 cases). The highest mortality rate showed for the postoperative 3 months which was 57.1% (20 cases), between 4 and 6 months was 25.7% (9 cases), and 17.1% (6 cases) were presented for 7 and 12 months. The postoperative mortality rate within 1 year was affected by underlying diseases, ASA (American society of Anesthesiologists) and cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty. but, there were no significant difference of the other factors such as the age, gender, osteoporosis and delayed operation. CONCLUSION: The variable factors which affect the mortality rate of the hip fractures in the elderly patients whose age over 70 were mostly determined by underlying diseases, ASA grade, and cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Further study should be necessary for the factors influencing on the mortality rate.
Aged* ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip Fractures ; Hip* ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality* ; Osteoporosis ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: The presence of mast cells often in increased numbers, has been noted in various cutaneous disorders. Recent studies suggest that mast cells are of primary importance in these conditions and their presence does not merely represent a second event. Previous reports of mast cell enumeration in normal and pathologic tissues have revealed inconsistent results, reflecting technical difficulties in quantitation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study is to develop a new approach for quantifying mast cell in tissue section that is accurate, reproducible and avoids problems caused by the variation in distribution of these cells in the tissue. METHODS: Mast. cells were quantitated in eight cases of mastocytosis and in the flank and back skin of three normal human controls in toluidine blue stain using a computerized image analysis system. RESULTS: Macular and nodular mastocytosis patients had from twenty-fold to nearly a 100-fold greater mast cell content than was observed in normal skin. CONCLUSION: Image analysis in conjunction with toluidine blue stain offers a single and accurate method for mast cell quantification. This technique also provides a practical and important new diagnostic tool for establishing the presence of increased lesional skin mast cells in patients with mastocytosis.
Humans ; Mast Cells* ; Mastocytosis ; Skin ; Tolonium Chloride