We experienced one case of severe pituitary dwarfism in a 16 years old male boy that magnetic resonance image(MRI) revealed transection of the pituitary stalk with the ectopic location of posterior pituitary gland and hypoplastic anterior pituitary gland. The serum growth horrnone(GH) response to clonidine and L-dopa revealed severe GH deficiency. The patient revealed normal response in TSH, prolactin and LH, FSH to TRH and LHRH respectively. So far, the primary cause of idiopathic pituitary dwarfism in many patients was due to hypoxic injury to hypothalmus by perinatal insults. In this patients, there was no history of perinatal insults and postnatal head trauma. We report a case of severe dwarfism due to hypogenesis of anterior pituitary gland.
Clonidine ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dwarfism ; Dwarfism, Pituitary ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Levodopa ; Male ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior ; Prolactin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Mice*

Pseudohypoparathyroidism(PHP) is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and an impaired phosphaturic response to exogenous parathormone(PTH), which are caused by end organ resistance to the action of PTH. Most of these patients have, in addition, the skeletal abnormalities of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. We report two cases of PHP, suspicious type Ia, in sibling who were presented with multiple subcutaneous soft tissue calcification similar to that seen in tumoral calcinosis and had short stature, round face, brachydactyly and metabolic abnormalities(hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, increased serum PTH, and decreased 24hr urinary basal cAMP)
Brachydactyly ; Calcinosis ; Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Hypocalcemia ; Pseudohypoparathyroidism* ; Siblings*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Headache Disorders* ; Humans

We have experienced a case of infantile nephritic syndrome confirmed by renal biopsy in a 13-month-old female patient who showed and develop mental retardation and persistent proteinuria. She revealed mild eyelid edema, joint laxity, delayed speech development and adrenal cortical calcification on the radiologic study. Renal biopsy showed microcystic tubular change, micro-glomeruli and marked mesangial proliferation.
Biopsy ; Edema ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Joint Instability ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Proteinuria

To evaluate the effect of a new topical anesthetic cream (EMLA : Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) on reducing pain associated with DPT vaccination, we conducted a clinical observation on eighty infants who were brought to well baby clinic of Yeungnam University Hospital for DPT vaccination. 80 Infants, who were between 2 months and 8 months in age, were divided into two groups. EMLA treated group and control group. Male to femle sex ratio was 1.4 to 1. EMLA cream was applied 60 minutes before DPT vaccination, the effect of reducing pain was assessed by using McGrath's face scale, Oucher pain scale and modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS) and also evaluated by measuring the duration and time of crying (the time of the first crying after iniection, duration of the first crying, total duration of crying). The scores of those scales were lower in EMLA treated group than in control group significantly (P<0.01 in McGrath's face scale. MBPS and p<0.05 in Oucher pain scale). There was no difference in the time of the first crying after vaccination in both groups. The duration of the first crying was shorter in EMLA treated group than control group of crying was also shorter in EMLA treated group (EMLA treated group 9.0±12.5 sec, p<0.05). Transient skin erythema was noted in 5 infants after EMLA application, but no other adverse effects were observed. We conclude that the application of EMLA cream before vaccination seems to be an effective and safe way to reduce the pain from vaccination, but it takes usually 60 minutes to get the anesthetic effect of EMLA and it is expensive, so EMLA cream can not be recommended in routine vaccination in infants now.
Anesthetics ; Crying ; Erythema ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Vaccination* ; Weights and Measures

Extramammary paget's disease is uncommon intraepithelial carcinoma of the skin and frequently associated with a subjacent or a regionally proximate carcinoma. We have experienced a case of extramammary Paget's disease affecting 71 year-old man. The patient has been suffered from a well demarcated, and slowly growing erythematous plaque on the left suprapubic area of 3 years. A biopsy specimen reveals infiltration of typical Paget's cells within the epidermis and the adnexa. We review the literature briefly.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Skin

The bone mineral density(BMD) of the lumbar spine (L2L4) was measured by using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry(Norland M6 DEXA) in 80 children aged between 2months and 15years (group I:2monthlyears, group 2: 1year5years, group3:6years10years, group4*: 11years15years). The correlation coefficient of BMD with age, body weight, height and Tanner stage were 0.696, 0.693, 0.717 and 0.636 respectively. There were sigificant difference. in BMD(g/cm2) between-group 1(BMD : 0.335 0.175) and group 2(BMD : 0.627 0.200), and group 3(BMD : 0.714 0.189) and group.4(BMD : 0. 8730.163) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of BMD between boys and girls(P<0.05). BMD also increased significantly with development of Tanner stages(Tanner stage 1 : 0.547 0.234, Tanner stage 2 : 0.783 0.136, Tanner stage 3 : 0.998 0.080) (P<0.05). These data indicate that the BMD was correlated with age, body weight, height and Tanner stage significantly and BMD increased significantly during growth spurt occured in 1 to 4years of age and puberty.
Absorptiometry, Photon* ; Adolescent ; Body Weight ; Bone Density* ; Child* ; Humans ; Puberty ; Spine*

All-in-one adhesives were recently developed for reducing the techique sensitivity and chair time, but lots of concerns were made on bondability, longevity, and microleakage. The object of this study was to evaluate microleakage and marginal quality of all-in-one adhesives using electrochemical method and SEM analysis quantitatively. After making Class V cavities, they were bulk filled with Heliomolar(#A1) after surface treatment with three adhesives: Adper Prompt (Group A), One up bond F (Group O), Xeno III (Group X). Electrical conductivity (microamphere, microA) was checked two times: before and after cavity filling. Percentage of leaky margin was estimated from SEM image (x1,000). The data were statistically analysed: ANOVA and Paired T test for electrical conductivity, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for marginal quality, Spearman's rho test for checking of relationships between 2 methods. The result were as follows: 1. There was no difference in microleakage between adhesive systems and every specimen showed some of microleakage after filling. 2. Microleakage was reduced about 70% with composite resin filling. 3. Marginal quality was the best in group A, decreasing among groups in the following order: group O, followed by group X. There were significant differences between group A and group X (p=0.015), and between group O and group X (p=0.019). 4. There was no relationship between the microleakage measured by electrochemical method and marginal quality measured by SEM analysis. Within the results of this study, there was no difference in microleakage among groups by electrical conductivity. However, significant difference in marginal quality was seen among groups. It was believed that these dissimilar results might be induced because of their own characteristics. Analysis of microleakage needs various methods for accuracy.
Adhesives* ; Electric Conductivity ; Longevity