No abstract available.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Hair Removal* ; Pigmentation Disorders*

No abstract available.
Erythema* ; Hydroxychloroquine* ; Sjogren's Syndrome*

We report a case of xanthoma disseminatum in a 24 year old male paitient. Multiple yellow-brown papules developed on the flexor aurfaces, such as the neck, axillae, antecubital fossae, groin, and perianal regions. Some papules were detected arouns the eyes and uvulai. biopsy specimen revealed a dense infiltrate of histiocytes, foam cells, Touton giant cells, and other inflammatory cells. No Langerhans granules were seen in the electron microscopic analysis.
Axilla ; Biopsy ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Groin ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

Authors analyzed CT findings of 8 patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis and one case of tuberculous abscessdiagnosed surgically or clinically. The results were as follows; 1. Soft tissue density masses were noted in 8patients in paraaortic, mesenteric, peripancreatic, celiac, porta hepatis, and esophagogastric junction areas inorder of frequency, and these correspond to lylmph node groups of the same name. On contrast enhanced CT, rimenhancement with multilocular low dinsties indicating caseous necrosis were noted in 3 patients, ill defined lowdensities were seen in 3 patients, and no definite changes were noted in 2 patients. 2. Two or more lymph nodegroups were involved in 6 patients, and one lymph node group was involved in two patients. 3. A huge cystic masswith relatively irregular rim enhancement and small anount of solid component occupied nearly entire upper abdomenin 1 patient and this was confiremd as tuberculous abscess in peritoneum. 4. In 2 cases, bowel wall thickening wassuggested in cecum, ascending colon, and terminal ileum.
Abdominal Cavity ; Abscess ; Cecum ; Colon, Ascending ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lymph Nodes ; Necrosis ; Peritoneum ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node

More intraoperative and postoperative complications of diabetic vitrectomy may result in poor visual prognosis. Sixty eye (49 patients) underwent vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Iatrogenic retinal breaks occurred in 6 (10%) of 60 eyes. Postoperative vitreous emorrhage was complicated in 13 (21%) of 60 eyes. Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage cleared spontaneously in one eye. Fluid-air exchange alone was successful in clearing the vitreous cavity in 4 eyes. Two eyes in which clearing does not occur in the postexchange period underwent repeated vitrectomy. Remaining 6 eyes required repeated vitrectomy. Choroidal effusion occurred in 4 eyes (7%) and resolved spontaneously within one week. Neovascular glaucoma occurred in 4 eyes (7%) and was treated with glaucoma implant surgery in 2 eyes, trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C in 1 ye, and cyclophotocoagulation in 1 eye. Retinal detachment developed postoperatively in 3 eyes (5%) and was treated successfully. Corneal epithelial defect persisting more than one week was present in 2 eyes (3%). Accidental mechanical lens damage occurred in one eye. The anatomical success rate was 98% (59 eyes). Visual acuity of 0.025 or better was obtained in 49 eyes (82%). Minimizing intraoperative complications as well as properly managing postoperative complications produced better surgical results.
Choroid ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Incidence* ; Intraoperative Complications ; Mitomycin ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients' somatic cells provides a new paradigm for studying human genetic diseases. Human iPSCs which have similar properties of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a powerful platform to recapitulate the disease-specific cell types by using various differentiation techniques. This promising technology has being realized the possibility to explore pathophysiology of many human genetic diseases at the molecular and cellular levels. Furthermore, disease-specific human iPSCs can also be used for patient-based drug screening and new drug discovery at the stage of the pre-clinical test in vitro. In this review, we summarized the concept and history of cellular reprogramming or iPSC generation and highlight recent progresses for disease modeling using patient-specific iPSCs.
Drug Discovery ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Nuclear Reprogramming

The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients' somatic cells provides a new paradigm for studying human genetic diseases. Human iPSCs which have similar properties of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a powerful platform to recapitulate the disease-specific cell types by using various differentiation techniques. This promising technology has being realized the possibility to explore pathophysiology of many human genetic diseases at the molecular and cellular levels. Furthermore, disease-specific human iPSCs can also be used for patient-based drug screening and new drug discovery at the stage of the pre-clinical test in vitro. In this review, we summarized the concept and history of cellular reprogramming or iPSC generation and highlight recent progresses for disease modeling using patient-specific iPSCs.
Drug Discovery ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Nuclear Reprogramming

PURPOSE: We investigate the effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG) on activation of osteoclastogenesis and NF-kappaB activation by PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) particles in osteoclast precursor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Osteoclast precursor cells (CSF-1 dependent) were obtained from whole bone marrow of C57BL mouse. Four experiments included 1) different dose of RANKL (Receptor Activator of NF-kappaB ligand) treatment (0, 1, 10, 40 ng/ml) 2) PMMA treatment +/- RANKL 3) PMMA treatment with different dose of RANKL 4) PMMA treatment +/- OPG. After treatments, cultured cells were stained with TRAP (Tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase). The activity of NF-kappaB DNA nuclear translocation was detected by EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift assay). RESULTS: The experiments with RANKL on osteoclast precursors differentiation demonstrated a dose-dependent stimulation of osteoclastogenesis (p<0.05). Control cultures without RANKL had no osteoclasts, while maintenance in 1 ng/ml of RANKL results in low level osteoclast formation. PMMA particles activated osteoclastogenesis in RANKL-primed osteoclast precursor cells. And the effect of particles on osteoclastogenesis were dependent on RANKL concentration (p<0.03). OPG treatment significantly decreased osteoclast formation and NF-kappaB DNA binding activity by PMMA particles in osteoclast precursor cells. CONCLUSION: OPG inhibits activation of osteoclast formation and NF-kappaB DNA binding activity by PMMA particles through RANK-RANKL pathway.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-kappa B* ; Osteoclasts* ; Osteoprotegerin ; Polymethyl Methacrylate*

Jejunoileal diverticulosis is formed by herniation of mucosa and submucosa through the muscular layer of the bowel wall. The condition usually consists of multiple diverticula at the mesenteric border, in contrast to the true congenital Meckel's diverticulum. Small bowel diverticulum is a rare disease that can give rise to unexpected problems such as malabsorption, perforation, diverticulitis, obstruction and bleeding. Since the reported complication rate is low, uncomplicated small bowel diverticula are generally recommended to be left untreated. Bleeding from a diverticulum is often sudden and massive. We report herein a case of a 43-yearold women who presented with massive bleeding from multiple jejunal diverticula. She had been admitted to hospital one day previously with the chief complaint of severe whole abdominal pain which was aggravated progressively. On physical examination, she showed an acute, ill appearance. The abdomen was slightly distended and tender with rebound tenderness. On the abdomen CT, the jejunal wall was thickened and the mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged. An emergency laparotomy was performed. Multiple jejunal diverticula, distributed from 20 to 100 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz, were found, along with massive bleeding from diverticulosis. A segment of the jejunum containing all diverticula was resected and end to end anastomosis was performed. Due to the relative rarity of these lesions and their complications, diagnosis is often difficult and delayed. Awareness of their tendency to cause nonspecific abdominal symptoms and serious complications may lead to earlier diagnosis and timely treatment.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulitis ; Diverticulum* ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Jejunum ; Laparotomy ; Ligaments ; Lymph Nodes ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Mucous Membrane ; Physical Examination ; Rare Diseases