Many pictures must be taken for the presumption of the stereorelation of the cerebral artery, which obtained with ordinary cerebral angiography. And it is very difficult to understand the stereoimage and required many experiences. But it is able to presume the stereorelationship in only brief eye's training without the aid of the stereoscope using the prism. For the stereoview, we need the paired angiograms obtained only straight and tilting the X-ray tube. In practice, with this stereoview in cerebral angiogram, we could know the directions of the aneurysmal neck and fundus with the stereorelationship of the cerebral artery and indeed helps us greatly in operation field. In addition, we might guess the location and stereorelationships of the feeding artery and draining vein in arteriovenous malformation and other vascular tumors and it was great aid in diagnosis and operation. Now we present the methods of the pictures for the stereoview in cerebral angiogram and the methods for eye's training.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Neck ; Veins

No abstract available.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

Intraosseous ganglion is a benign cystic lesion. It is composed of fibrous tissue with mucoid changes located in the subchondral bone adjacent to a joint. Intraosseous ganglion has been reported in various skeletal sites and most commonly in the lower end of the tibia and femur. However reports of intraosseous ganglion of the glenoid are rare, with only 14 cases in the literature. We repot 2 cases of intraosseous ganglion of the glenoid with literature reviews.
Bone Cysts ; Femur ; Joints ; Tibia

The fractures of the cervical spine are relatively uncommon, but they may cause serious neurologic deficits temporarily or permanently. So, it is very important to treat the patients early by way of exact evaluation for the sites and the mechanisms of the injuries. The authors reviewed retrospectively 188 cervical spinal fractures in 100 patients from Sep. 1984 to Aug. 1990. Commonly involed levels were C5 and C6 in lower cervical level and C2 in upper cervical level and the sites in each spine were body; lamina and odontoid process. The hyperflexion injury was the most common type of the cervical spinal fractures occupying 53% of all cervical fractures and cause more multipe fractures(2.26 fractures/patient) than in hyperextension (1. 68 fractures/patient). In hyperflexion injuries, body, transverse and spinous process were commonly involved but lamina fracture was relatively common in hyperextension injury. The dislocations associated with fractures were developed most commonly in hyperflexion injury and 70% of these were anterior dislocation and the most commonly involved levels were C5-6 and C6-7. In conclusion, hyperflexion injury needs more close examination for the entire spinal levels than injuries of other mechanisms because it results in more severe fractures with or without dislocation and relatively frequent multiple fractures in different levels.
Dislocations ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Odontoid Process ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures* ; Spine

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Arteries* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy* ; Rheology*

To assess the proportion of spectacles-wearing and an aspect of familial aggregation of myoptic spectacles-wearing and to observe the birth cohort for myoptic spectacles-wearing, a nationwide self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from March 11 to September 19, 1985. A probability sample of 13,346 persons was taken from 180 enumerated districts designated by the fifth nationwide tuberculosis prevalence survey from Korean Institute of Tuberculosis. The major findings of this survey are as follows: 1) Total of 62.5% of the study population lived in urban area whereas 37.5% lived in Eup-Myun area. There was statistically significant difference in age and sex distribution between two residential area. 2) The percentage of spectacles-wearing was 8.3% and among these, myoptic and hyperoptic spectacles were 6.0%, 2.3%, respectively. A total of 8.8% of the male study population wore spectacles and this was slightly higher than the female (8.0%). 3) Among the occupational groups, students were the highest myoptic spectacles-wearing group whereas professionals were the highest hyperoptic spectacles-wearing group. 4) The proportion of myoptic spectacles-wearing was higher in female students than in male students respectively 11.6%, 8.7%. There was an increasing tendency of spectacles-wearing as age increased. 5) The age-sex adjusted prevalence rate of myoptic spectacles-wearing by residential areas was 2 times higher in urban area than Eup-Myun area. 6) A wearing of the myoptic spectacles in early age was observed in recent birth cohort than remote birth cohort. 7) There was a tendency of familial aggregation for myoptic spectacles-wearing. The proportion of myoptic spectacles-wearing was 6 times higher for those who had parents wearing spectacles. 8) 60.9% of the total myoptic spectacles-wearing persons received the eye-specialist's order and 44.9% for the hyperoptic spectacles wearing.
Cohort Studies ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Occupational Groups ; Parents ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Tuberculosis

With the recent introduction and development of the detachable balloon system, it has become the treatment of choice in the management of carotid cavernous fistulas(CCFs). But, since most delivery systems for embolization of CCF mainly depend on flow guidance for balloon delivery, in cases of small fistula, pseudoaneurysm and arterialized venous collaterals, failure of balloon embolization can occur. To overcome these limitations, the authors designed and used a new versatile, steerable, and flow-guided detachable balloon system by using a Tracker catheter system with silicone or latex balloons. Using this maneuver, we could get successful fistula occlusion in 7 out of 8 patients(silicone balloon). But in one case, we had to occlude the internal carotid artery at the fistula site, proximal and distal cervical portions of the internal carotid artery. This balloon delivery system proved to provide high selectivity for fistula and relatively ease of handing.
Aneurysm, False ; Balloon Occlusion ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Catheters* ; Fistula* ; Hand ; Latex ; Silicon* ; Silicones*

No abstract available.
Bile*

Osseous union of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia remains today a formidable challenge to orthopedic surgeons. Recently clinlcal studies of nonunion, congenital pseudarthrosis, and fresh fracture suggest that the electical stimulation enhances the union rate and shortens the healing time. We treated a case of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia by combined Boyds dual onlay graft and direct current electrical stimulation. A flrm clinical and radiological union was obtained at four months posfoperatively.
Electric Stimulation ; Inlays ; Orthopedics ; Pseudarthrosis ; Surgeons ; Tibia ; Transplants

We meet much difficult problem to solve in the treatment of the forearm fractures which are not encountered in the treatment of fractures of the other long bone and there are many reports on the results of treatment of forearm fractures and many methods have been introduced. In the late 1950's ASIF compression plate was invented and developed by Muller, Allgower, and Willenegger and it has shown excellent union rate and functional results in the treatment of forearm fractures. From Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1979, we have experienced 71 cases of fresh or old forearm fractures treated by different methods and devices and among them, 53 patients, those were treated with compression plate and other various internal fixation devices, were possible to trace for more than 3 months. The Author divided the traceable patients into two groups, the one was the group treated with compression plate and the othtr one was the group treated with other various internal fixations, and compared the results in the aspect of healing time and functional results. The results were as follows; 1. Among 71 patients, 45 patients (36.6%) were fresh and 26 were old cases. Of 61 adult patients 21 cases (34.4%) exhibited severe soft tissue injury due to crushing machinary injury. 2. There was 24 (33.8%) cases of open fractures and the most common fracture site was middle one-third of both radius and ulna. 3. The period between operation and exercise was 7.3 weeks in fresh cases which were treated with compression-plate fixation and 10.3 weeks in old cases with other fixation devices. 4. The time of radlological union was comparatively rapid in compression-plate fixation group, acute cases and radial fractures when compared it with those treated with other fixation devices, old cases and ulnar fractures, respectively. Radiological union time in average was as follows; Radius, compression-plate fixation: 12.1 weeks ulna, compression-plate fixation: 12.4 weeks redius, other fixation devices 14.9 weeks ulna, other fixation devices 15.5 weeks 5. By Anderson's functional criteria, the ratio of excellent or good results was as follows, Acute compression-plate fixation: 87% Acute, other fixation devices 67% Old, Compression-plate flxation: 67% Old, Other fixation devices 23% 6. Achieved bony union in all cases in compression-plate fixation group and experienced 3 cases of non-union in the group treated with other fixation devices. Among 3, two cases of non-union were due to post-operative infection and technical failure and the other one was a solitary ulnar fracture which was treated with rush pin.
Adult ; Forearm ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Radius ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Ulna