The development of immuohistochemistry and the application of electron microscopy have revolutionized our understanding of the pathopysiology of pituitart adenoma. The clinical value of functional characterization of pituitary adenoma has been realized. Immunohistochemical stains using polyclonal antibodies to six pituitary hormones (GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, FSH & LH) were performed to classify the pituitary adenoma and to investigate the relationship between the results of the immunohistochemical study and pared to the serum hormone level. The results are summarized as follows: The Most common clinical type of pituitary adenoma was prolactinoma and the second was nonfunctioning adenoma. However, the most common immunohistological type of pituitary adenoma was null cell adenoma, the second one, lactotrope adenoma and the third one, mixed sommatotrope & lactotrope adenoma. In the clinically nonfunctioning adenoma cases, null cell adenoma were present in 75%; gonadotrope adenoma and corticotrope adenoma were present in 25%, while the serum prolactin level was increased in ten of the twenty cases(50%) of the null cell adenoma. When the serum prolactin level was increased above the 150ng/ml, the tumor cells gave positive reactions in 95.2% of cases immunohistochemically. But in the cases of GH, FSH & LH, the tumor cells gave positive reactions in 100%, 75%, and 66.7%, respectively. In the case of increased serum prolactin level, more than 50% and 30% proportion of tumor cells showed positive reactions in the micro- and macroadenoma, respectively.
Adenoma

We describe a case of polyposis coli, which was followed by development of desmoid in the rectus adbominis muscle and fibromas in the mesentery during an interval of two years. This case supports the hypothesis that, in Garder's syndrome, the traumatic injury by colectomy triggers an unusual fibrous proliferation in the peritoneal cavity and incision site under the possible genetic basis.

No abstract available.
Apoptosis ; Erythropoietin* ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*

Secondary tumor of the stomach is rare when metastatic involvement is defined as an extragastric tumor invading the muscularis, submucosa or mucosa and the only serosal implant is excluded. Recently, authors experienced a case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach in the pyloric antrum from the uterine cervix. The patient was a 57-year-old female who received a simplified Wertheim's operation followed by irradiation for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in stage IIb, and 2-1/2 years later she presented gastric symptoms, for which subtotal gastrectomy was carried out. The gastric lesion simulated primary adenocarcinoma of Borrmann type III, but differed in the following macroscopic characteristics. Firstly, Bormann classification is not applicable; secondly, mucosal ulcerations appear irregular and multicentric; thirdly, flaskshaped ulceration and broad based penetration are evidet; fourthly, submucosal tumor-growth pattern is conspicuous in bulk of areas; and fifthly, circumferential/semicircumferential growth is manifested. The above features should also be differentiated from those of malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

This study was conducted to analyze the relations among nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude eating practice and total nutritional diagnosis and also to find the influencing factors of them. The survey was done during the period from April 1990 to June 1990 and the target population were Ewha Woman's University students (freshmen and senior) of whom 1,354 peoples were surveyed. The summarized results are as follows ; 1. For the learning environment, the percentage of completion on nutritional knowledge course was 28.6% and among them the department of foods and nutrition had the highest score(100.0%) and the next was dept. of medicine(53.4%). 2. To find the relation which the nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, eating practice and the total nutritional diagnosis influence on one another, the multiple correlation analysis was done. The attitude the practice were highly correlated with total nutritional diagnosis, but the correlation between nutritional knowledge and total nutritional diagnosis was not significant. The correlation between the practice and nutritional knowledge which were positively and significantly correlated with attitude respectively was positive but not significant. 3. The difference which were analyzed by department, grade and completion on knowledge course on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, eating practice were significant (p<0.01) by ANOVA. 4. The significant variables on nutritional diagnosis are the eating practice points, the grade, the knowledge course, the breakfast and the attitude (r2=10.3%) by multiple regression analysis. This study has the limitation that it did not consider the environmental factors of dietary life such as dietary culture, family environment, cultural habit. Therefore important points of these dietary studies are to extend to the practical nutritional education and dietary improvement for the national health not restricted to the local area or local population.
Attitude ; Breakfast ; Diagnosis ; Eating* ; Education ; Female ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Learning

Although the usefulness of mammography as a screening test for breast cancer is still indispute, its use topatients over 50 years of age is valid. Since Wolfe first classified the breast parenchymal patterns of mammography into 4 patterns, many authors have adopted the criteria in studying the changes of the parenchymalpatterns for certain ages and the risks for breast cancer of certain parenchymal patterns. Authors reviewed 49cases of breast masses which diagnosed by mammography and by operation during the period from January 1978 to July 1983 at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College. The parenchymal tissue patterns were classifed according toWolfe into NI, P1, P2 and DY. Risk groups were classified into low risk group (N1, P1) and high group(P2, DY). Onthe basis of these criteria, benign and malignant disease were analyzed against the breast parenchymal patterns.The results and conclusions were as follows: 1. Age ranged from 16 years to 67 years with the most prevalent agebeing 4th and 5th decades. 2. Diagnoses were; fibroadenoma 17 cases, fibrous dysplasia 16 cases, ductal papilloma3 cases, and cancer 13 cases. 3. Categorization of those 26 bening disease according to the Wolfe's criteria was:N1 6 cases, P1 10 cases, P2 9 cases and DY 11 cases. On the other hand, categorization of 13 cases of cancerwas:N1 5 cases, P1 3 cases, P2 3 cases, and DY 2 cases. 4. Of 13 cases of cancer, 8 fell in the low risk group andremainder in the high risk group. There were no significant correlation between the parenchymal patterns and theincidence of breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Diagnosis ; Fibroadenoma ; Hand ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Wolves

Three cases of fatigue fracture were experienced, whose tibia, fibula and femoral neck had been involved. The mechanism of fracture was explained as the result of repeatation of uncustomed stress mainly in lower extremities. Several authors suggested many types of predisposing factors, such as spastic flat foot, short first metatarsal bone and osteoporosis after steroid administration. Two of the cases were treated conservatively and one case with femoral neck fracture treated by open reduction and Sith-Peterson nailing.
Causality ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Fibula ; Flatfoot ; Fractures, Stress ; Lower Extremity ; Metatarsal Bones ; Muscle Spasticity ; Osteoporosis ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic*

Squamous cell carcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas are rarely originated from the stomach, thus the limited and sporadic informations about their clinico-pathologic characteristics as well as histogenesis have been elucidated. Six cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma (3 cases) and adenosquamous carcinoma(3 cases) in the stomach were examined during a period of 4 years from 1981 to 1984. After pertinent review of both clinical data and morphology through extended histotopographic study performed on 4 cases, their clinicopathologic characteristics were described. Male to female sex ratio was 4 : 2 and average age was 58.6 years. Clinical presentations or physical findings were not different from those of adenocarcinoma. Tumor masses of all cases were located in the body or phloric antrum. In all cases except for the early gastric carcinoma, each tumor was larger than 8 cm in long axis, and showed expansile and intraluminal endophytic growing tendencies with sharp margin. Simple Borrmann's macroscopic classification was applicable to none of 6 cases because of irregular and multicentric ulceration pattern and occasional submucosal growth which were reminiscent of those in submucosal tumors such as malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. Virtually four out of all six cases were diagnosed as submucosal tumor at the time of radiological examination. Microscopically three cases were composed of pure squamous cell carcinoma and remaining three contained both adeno and squamous components. Metastatic regional lymph nodes revealed only squamous element in case of pure squamous cell carcinoam, while both components were identified in adenosquamous carcinomas. Surrounding non-tumors mucosa exhibited moderate to severe degree of intestinal metaplasia accompanied by multifocal mucin pool formation. Growth pattern and surrounding mucosal changes as with older age prevalence of these tumors might express the biological behavior of intestinal type of gastric carcinoma.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis