The purpose of this study was to analyse the various patterns of calcification demonstrated in the anteriorand lateral neck roentgenograms of 213 unselected patients with thyroid enlargement. The patterns of thyroidcalcifications were correlated with clinical, surgical and histological findings. The results were as follows: 1.Of 213 cases of thyroid enlargement, 180 cases were benign and 168 cases were female. 2. The calcification ratewas high in the chronic thyroid enlargement. 3. The incidence of calcification was 30.2% in the malignancy and17.2% in the benign disease. There was no clacification in the Hashimoto's disease. 4. The nodular calcificationwas demonstrated in the both benign and malignant disease but curvilinear calcifiation was predominantly seen inbenign disease.
Female ; Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neck ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to compare risperidone(as an atypical antipsychotic) with haloperidol(as a typical antipsychotic), so we examined the clinical effects and changes of plasma HVA, 5-HIAA & HVA/5-HIAA ratio after 8 week of risperidone or haloperidol trial. METHOD: Twenty-six male chronic schizophrenic patients were treated for 8 weeks with risperidone(N=14) and haloperidol(N=12). The duration of wash-out period was 14 days. The psychopathologic assessment was chechked by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and plasma HVA & 5-HIAA was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) with electrochemical detector. The checking points were just before drug trial and 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 8th week(total 5 times). RESULTS: 1) Risperidone trial group were more improved than haloperidol tiral group in PANSS scores(total, positive, negative and general psychopathy). 2) Changes of plasma HVA and 5-HIAA in the risperidone and haloperidol trial group were not statistically different. But because baseline 5-HIAA of risperidone trial group was higher than that of haloperidol trial group, the increase of haloperidol trial group would be more. 3) There was significant difference in changes of HVA/5-HIAA ratio between risperidone and haloperidol trial group. But the change of HVA compared with 5-HIAA in risperidone trial group was higher than that of haloperidol trial group. CONCLUSION: These results revealed that risperidone was more effective in clinical symptoms, and suggest that cause of these results may be due to blocking both of dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors of risperidone.
Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid* ; Male ; Plasma* ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2 ; Risperidone* ; Tramadol

Over the last few years. the managements of urologic diseases have been changed rapidly to less invasive procedures, especially endourologic surgery. Recently. we experienced a case of caliceal in fundibular stricture due to renal tuberculosis and a case of caliceal diverticulum containing stones which were treated endourologically. In latter case. we also performed electrofulguration of the wall of the diverticulum. The techniques used and results achieved in 2 patients who have been success fully managed are discussed.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diverticulum ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Urologic Diseases

No abstract available.
Acoustic Stimulation* ; Acoustics*

No abstract available.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Carcinoid Tumor*

The evolution of brain imaging techniques over the last decade has been remarkable. Along with such technical developments, research into chronic pain has made many advances. Given that brain imaging is a non-invasive technique with great spatial resolution, it has played an important role in finding the areas of the brain related to pain perception as well as those related to many chronic pain disorders. Therefore, in the near future, brain imaging techniques are expected to be the key to the discovery of many unknown etiologies of chronic pain disorders and to the subjective diagnoses of such disorders.
Brain ; Chronic Pain ; Neuroimaging ; Pain Perception

The free TRAM flap has been accepted as an excellent method of autogenous tissue breast reconstruction. In addition, oncologic surgeons and plastic surgeons are trying to perform skin preserved mastectomy to get more esthetically better result in breast reconstruction. Breast tissue and mass would be removed through circumareolar incision, and axillary lymph node dissection could be carried through separate incision on axilla. This paper represents our experiences and results of immediate breast reconstruction with transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap after skin-sparing mastectomy. From 1999 to 2001, the flaps were utilized in 15 patients to reconstruct the new breast by free TRAM flap after skin sparing mastectomy. The mean age of the patients were a 42-years-old. Location of cancer was on the right breast in 12 cases, left breast in 2 cases and bilateral breasts in 1 case. We chose the thoracodorsal artery and its venae commitantes as recipient vessels, and deep inferior epigastric vessels as donor vessels.All flaps survived completely. There has been no flap necrosis, hematoma, and seroma. The results have been functionally and esthetically satisfactory. There are several advantages in this technique comparing with similar breast reconstruction of routine modified radical mastectomy. This technique leaves less scar and allows better preservation of sensation, aesthetically more natural shape, and better symmetry in reconstructed breast with free TRAM flap afterskin sparing-mastectomy.
Arteries ; Axilla ; Breast* ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mammaplasty* ; Mastectomy* ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Necrosis ; Rectus Abdominis* ; Sensation ; Seroma ; Skin* ; Tissue Donors

The free TRAM flap has been accepted as an excellent method of autogenous tissue breast reconstruction. In addition, oncologic surgeons and plastic surgeons are trying to perform skin preserved mastectomy to get more esthetically better result in breast reconstruction. Breast tissue and mass would be removed through circumareolar incision, and axillary lymph node dissection could be carried through separate incision on axilla. This paper represents our experiences and results of immediate breast reconstruction with transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap after skin-sparing mastectomy. From 1999 to 2001, the flaps were utilized in 15 patients to reconstruct the new breast by free TRAM flap after skin sparing mastectomy. The mean age of the patients were a 42-years-old. Location of cancer was on the right breast in 12 cases, left breast in 2 cases and bilateral breasts in 1 case. We chose the thoracodorsal artery and its venae commitantes as recipient vessels, and deep inferior epigastric vessels as donor vessels.All flaps survived completely. There has been no flap necrosis, hematoma, and seroma. The results have been functionally and esthetically satisfactory. There are several advantages in this technique comparing with similar breast reconstruction of routine modified radical mastectomy. This technique leaves less scar and allows better preservation of sensation, aesthetically more natural shape, and better symmetry in reconstructed breast with free TRAM flap afterskin sparing-mastectomy.
Arteries ; Axilla ; Breast* ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mammaplasty* ; Mastectomy* ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Necrosis ; Rectus Abdominis* ; Sensation ; Seroma ; Skin* ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available in English.