We examined a male infant with transient increase in alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity. The 25-month-old infant was admitted to a local hospital because of pneumonia of unknown etiology. Initial laboratory investigation revealed a serum ALP of 11,260U/L, which was comparable to that of bone isoenzyme on the electrophoresis pattern, There was no evidence of hepatitis, skeletal or intestinal diseases. The hyperphosphatasemia disappeared 3 months later. We report a case of transient hyperphosphatasemia diagnosed inci- dentally in the course of management of pneumonia. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:856-860)
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Child, Preschool ; Electrophoresis ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Infant ; Intestinal Diseases ; Male ; Pneumonia

No abstract available.
Child* ; Fatty Liver ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Incidence* ; Obesity

Endometrial papillary serous carcinoma (EPSC) is a distinct variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma that histologically resembles ovarian serous papillary adenocarcinoma and has an aggressive clinical course. Usually, the tumor is diagnosed at the advanced stage. The tumor has well confused with metastatic ovarian tumor of identical histology. Dignosis of EPSC should be considered when the cervico-vaginal smear reveals numerous papillary clusters of tumor cells with macronucleoli and psammoma bodies. Recently, we have experienced two cases of EPSC diagnosed on cervico-vaginal smears, which revealed characteristic cytologic features including numerous papillary clusters of tumor cells with macronucleoli. The cytologic diagnoses were confirmed on histologic sections.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive*

The authors have analyzed retrospectively a series of 102 consecutive patient with severe head injury who were admitted to the department of Neurosurgery, Dong Guk Univ. Hosp. between January, 1989, and December, 1989. All patients, after appropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, diagnostic measure, and, when required, surgical treatment, were managed in ICU with usual care method. The outcome has been analyzed 4 month later. The overall mortality rate was 36%. Of the survivors, 65% made good recovery or moderate disability, 22% remained severely disabled, and 14% were in a persistent vegetative state. Mortality rates at the variable GCS scores were 82% at 3-4, 25% at 5-6, and 14% at 7-8. The most reliable predictive factors were : Glasgow coma scale, motor response, pupillary reflex at admission.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Persistent Vegetative State ; Reflex, Pupillary ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Zygoma*

The double eyelid operation is one of the most common cosmetic surgery performed in orientals, and there are numerous studies about surgical procedures of that. In the case of appropriate candidates, the non-incision technique makes excellent cosmetic results, with the advantages of shorter operating time, less morbidity, less pain, no scarring and easy revision of shape. But, usually the non-incision technique is recommended in the cases with thin upper eyelid, small amount of orbital fat, less redundant skin of upper eyelid and in whom a wide fold is not desired so on. Therefore, the disadvantages of this method are that it cannot be applied to all patients. The postoperative complications are disappearance or faded fold, formation of cyst or lumps, asymmetry etc. and the incidence of these complications is slightly higher than those of the incisional method. In this study, the double eyelid operation using the continuous buried suture method was performed in 210 patients for formation of double eyelid from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1995. In conclusion very good results can be obtained by the continuous buried suture method even in the cases of puffy upper eyelid. This method can make a double eyelid shape in the fashion the patient wants and can be a new indication for correction of unilateral double eyelid. This method is safe, satisfactory and take shorter postoperative recovery time and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
Cicatrix ; Eyelids* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Orbit ; Postoperative Complications ; Skin ; Surgery, Plastic ; Sutures*

No abstract available.
Antistreptolysin* ; Child* ; Humans ; Reference Values* ; Seoul*

Many agents such as analgesics and sedatives have been used to decrease pain, anxiety and awareness during anesthesia. The effects of midazolam and propofol on cardiopulmonary functions and sedation were evaluated in a clinical study during spinal anesthesia. Thirty adult patients were received either midazolam 0.05mg/kg IV or propofol 1.25mg/kg IV after spinal anesthesia. Minute volume, arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and heart rate were checked before and 20min after spinal anesthesia, as well as 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min after each drug administration. The results were as follows ; 1) Minute volume and SaO2 were decreased from 2 min to 10 min in each group. 2) Mean arterial pressure was decreased from 2 min to 60 min in each group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Heart rate was increased at 2 min in propofol group 3) Recovery time from sedation was faster in the propofol group than the midazolam group. From the above results, we have concluded that midazolam and propofol have some effects on cardiopulmonary function and many advantages if used carefully during spinal anesthesia.
Adult ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anxiety ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Intraoperative Awareness ; Midazolam* ; Oxygen ; Propofol*

PURPOSE: We performed urinary mass screening(UMS) program for 2,804 children of second grade elemantary school 8 years of age in Paju city with cooperation of Paju City Health Center to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria, and to estimate the risk of incipient renal diseases. Also we attempted to evaluate the significance of hematuria in UMS in addidtion to proteinuria. METHODS: 2,804 children of the 2nd grade of elementary school who lived in Paju city were included to our UMS program in 2000. They were constituted with 1,428 boys and 1,376 girls. The screening program was carried out in 3 steps. The 1st screenig test was performed at schools and then students with abnormal results were examined repeatedly at Paju City Health Center and our hospital. Those students who showed proteinuria and/or hematuria in the 1st and 2nd test were referred to our hospital to undertake the 3rd close examination including physical examination, laboratory tests and radiologic tests. RESULTS: (1) The prevalence of urinary abnormality in the 1st screening test was 8.3%(233 students), comprised of 5.9% of boys, 10.8% of girls. (2) Among 2,804 children tested in the first screening, prevalences of asymptomatic proteinuria and isolated hematuria were 64(2.3%), 163(5.8%) respectively, and the prevalence of proteinuria with hematuria was 6(0.2%). (3) Among 233 students with urinary abnormalities at the 1st screening test, 102 students applied to the 2nd test. 32 children, about one third of them, were also found to have abnormal urinary findings; isolated hematuria 30, proteinuria with hematuria 2. (4) Those findings of clinical evaluation for children with isolated hematuria at the hospital showed as follows: idiopathic isolated microscopic hematuria 21, normal 6, urinary tract infection 1, idiopathic hypercalciuria 1 and simple renal cyst 1. Those 2 students with proteinuria and hematuria seemed to have chronic glomerulonephritis. CONCLUSION: (1) The clinical evaluation for children who showed positive results at the 1st screening test should be done judiciously. Because of high false positive rate, almost who showed positive results was normal, only a few of them had pathologic conditions. In this study, actual incidence of incipient renal diseases in children of 8 year old was calculated to be 0.4%. (2) The definite conclusion whether a urinary mass screening test can alter the prognosis of incipient renal diseases could not be drawn with this study. Further study must be necessary. (3) We could acknowledge the significance of hematuria in UMS, but it is necessary that one should be judicious in managing and follow-up those that show abnormal results.
Child* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypercalciuria ; Incidence ; Mass Screening* ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Urinary Tract Infections

PURPOSE: To analyze clinical, radiological and pathological features as well as clinical outcome after surgical treatment of patients with secondary chondrosarcoma arising from osteochondroma(tosis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical records, radiographs, pathologic slides of 14 patients. Nine patients were male and five were female. The mean age was 34 years. The mean follow-up period was 54 months. RESULTS: All patients had a history of previous mass since childhood or puberty. Preexisted osteochondroma was single in 3 patients and multiple in 10. Remaining 1 patient had multiple osteochondromatosis with enchondromatosis. MRI clearly provided thickness of cartilage cap, which was over 2 cm except in 2 cases. Chondrosarcoma was grade 1 in all except 1 case, which was grade 2. Wide excision was performed in 10 patients, marginal excision in 3 and amputation in 1. Twelve patients were doing very well without evidence of disease. Among 3 patients with marginal excision, 1 patient had local recurrence and 1 patient died of disease. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive understanding of clinical, radiological and pathological features of secondary chondrosarcoma is warranted for accurate diagnosis. The best result can be expected with early recognition of malignant change of osteohcondroma(tosis) and wide excision.
Amputation ; Cartilage ; Chondrosarcoma ; Enchondromatosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Osteochondroma ; Osteochondromatosis ; Puberty ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies