Some investigators suggest that the pancreatic proteinase kallikrein plays an important role in the regulation of spermatozoal motility. Particularly, oral kallikrein therapy exerted a favorable effect on Sperm motility in oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. We have carried out a similar clinical investigation of the efficacy of kallikrein, taken orally 60 kU per day for 3-9 months, on the quantitative and qualitative motility of spermatozoa in normogonadotropic infertile men. with 15 idiopathic oligozoospermia and 18 idiopathic asthenozoospermia. Number of spermatozoa increased more than double number of basic levels (over 40 x 10(6)/ml) in the 5 patients (33%) and pregnancy occurred in the 3 patients (20%) out of the 15 patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia (less than 20 x 10(6)/ml) after the kallikrein therapy. In these responded 5 patients, the sperm concentration changed from 13.6 x 10(6)/ml to 54.0 x 10(6)/ml, Motility and viability of spermatozoa improved more than 30% in the 5 patients (28%) and pregnancy occurred in the 2patients (11%) out of the 18 patients with idiopathic asthenozoospermia (less than 20% of sperm motility) after the therapy. In these. improved 5 patients, the sperm motility changed from 9.0% to 45.0%. No remarkable side effect was detected.
Asthenozoospermia ; Humans ; Infertility, Male* ; Kallikreins ; Male ; Male* ; Oligospermia ; Pregnancy ; Research Personnel ; Semen* ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa

Some investigators suggest that the pancreatic proteinase kallikrein plays an important role in the regulation of spermatozoal motility. Particularly, oral kallikrein therapy exerted a favorable effect on Sperm motility in oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. We have carried out a similar clinical investigation of the efficacy of kallikrein, taken orally 60 kU per day for 3-9 months, on the quantitative and qualitative motility of spermatozoa in normogonadotropic infertile men. with 15 idiopathic oligozoospermia and 18 idiopathic asthenozoospermia. Number of spermatozoa increased more than double number of basic levels (over 40 x 10(6)/ml) in the 5 patients (33%) and pregnancy occurred in the 3 patients (20%) out of the 15 patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia (less than 20 x 10(6)/ml) after the kallikrein therapy. In these responded 5 patients, the sperm concentration changed from 13.6 x 10(6)/ml to 54.0 x 10(6)/ml, Motility and viability of spermatozoa improved more than 30% in the 5 patients (28%) and pregnancy occurred in the 2patients (11%) out of the 18 patients with idiopathic asthenozoospermia (less than 20% of sperm motility) after the therapy. In these. improved 5 patients, the sperm motility changed from 9.0% to 45.0%. No remarkable side effect was detected.
Asthenozoospermia ; Humans ; Infertility, Male* ; Kallikreins ; Male ; Male* ; Oligospermia ; Pregnancy ; Research Personnel ; Semen* ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Spinal Stenosis*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

Postoperative endophthalmitis is one of the devastating complications following cataract surgery. Ocular flora has been presumed to be a major source of infectious organisms in postoperative endophthalmitis. We compared the efficacies of various chemical preparation methods that decrease or eradicate ocular flora effectively before surgery. 355 eyes undergoing cataract surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups according to chemical preparation methods. 0.3% gentamicin eyedrop was used in group 1, 0.3% ciprofloxacin eyedrop in group 2, 0.3% gentamicin eyedrop and 5.0% povidone-iodine solution in group 3, and 0.3% ciprofloxacin eyedrop and 5.0% povidone-iodine solution were used in group 4 to prepare eye before surgery. Cultures of eyelid-conjunctival swab and aqueous humor were performed just before operation and at the time of wound closure, respectively, and then compared among 4 groups. The culturepositive rate was the lowest in group 4 and increased in group 3, group 2, and group 1 in a order. The culture-positive rate from the eyelid-conjunctiva in group 2 was significantly lower than that in group 1(p<0.05). The culture positive rates in the groups(group 3, 4) using the combination of antibiotics eyedrop and povidone-iodine solution for chemical preparation were significantly lower than those in the groups(group 1, 2) using antibiotics eyedrop only(p<0.05). The culture results of aqueous humor showed similar pattern as those from the eyelid-conjunctival swab. This study suggests that combined use of 0.3% ciprofloxacin eyedrop and 5.0% povidone-iodine solution is an effective and recommendable preoperative chemical preparation.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aqueous Humor ; Cataract* ; Ciprofloxacin ; Endophthalmitis ; Gentamicins ; Povidone-Iodine ; Wounds and Injuries

Thirty three patients with congenital agenesis of the vas deferens were investigated in Seoul National University Hospital for the past 10 years. These patients correspond to 2.4% of 1,398 infertile males and 14.8% of 223 azoospermic patients due to epididymal obstruction. These anomalies were confirmed by surgical explorations, They were consisted of 24 patients with bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens and 9 patients with unilateral agenesis(5 in right side, 4 in left side). Type 2 anomaly, vas agenesis without defects of epididymis, was found in 25(44%) of a total of 57 anomalies of the vas deferens. Type 1 anomaly, vas agenesis with defects on body or tail of epididymis, was found in 21(37%), and type 3 in which the head of epididymis and distal vas are identified but body and tail of epididymis and proximal vas are absent, was found in 11(19%). The histological examination of the testis showed normal spermatogenesis in the most of the patients, The seminal volume was reduced in 24 patients, and normal in 9 patients. The seminal fructose was reduced in 13 patients. It is suggested that vas agenesis would be associated with the absence of seminal vesicle in patients with reduced seminal volume and reduced seminal fructose level. In seven patients with unilateral agenesis of the vas deferens, the obstructive lesions of epididymal tails of contralateral side were corrected by epididymovasostomy under surgical microscope. The results were successful in 2 patients. In three patients with bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens of type 3, epididymovasostomy could be performed. Successful results were obtained in 2 patients. In conclusion, the results of this clinical investigation emphasize the importance of careful scrotal examination in the diagnosis of an infertile males and in the preparative examination of vasectomy operation.
Diagnosis ; Epididymis ; Fructose ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Seminal Vesicles ; Seoul ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis ; Vas Deferens* ; Vasectomy

PURPOSE: Bilateral high signal intensity in basal ganglia on Tl-weighted images is unusual. the purpose of this study is to describe the pattern of high signal intensity and underlying disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: During the last three years, 8 patients showed bilateral high signal intensity in basal ganglia on Tl-weighted image, as compared with cerebral white matter. Authors analized the images and underlying causes retrospectively. Of 8 patients, 5 were male and 3 were female. The age ranged from 15 days to 79 years. All patient were examined by a 0.5T superconductive MRI. Images were obtained by spin echo multislice technique. RESULTS: Underlying causes were 4 cases of hepatopathy, 2 cases of calcium metabolism disorder, and one case each of neurofibromatosis and hypoxic brain injury. These process were bilateral in all cases and usually symmetric. In all cases the hyperintense areas were generally homogenous without mass effect or edema, although somewhat nodular appearence was seen in neurofibromatosis. Lesions were located in the globus pallidus and internal capsule in hepatopathy and neurofibromatosis, head of the caudate nucleus in disorder of calcum metabolism, and the globus pallidus in hypoxic brain injury. CONCLUSION: Although this study is limited by its patient population, bilateral hyperintense basal ganglia is associated with various disease entities. On analysis of hyperintense basal ganglia lesion, the knowledge of clinical information improved diagnostic accuracy.
Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Calcium Metabolism Disorders ; Caudate Nucleus ; Edema ; Female ; Ganglia ; Globus Pallidus ; Head ; Humans ; Internal Capsule ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Metabolism ; Neurofibromatoses ; Retrospective Studies

Vaginitis is one of the most common disease in gynecologic field in recent days. About 90% of these patients suffer from the infection of the vagina caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida, or Trichomonas, either alone or in combination. For the effective diagnosis and management, it is essential to get an accurate identification of the causative agent. Applying simple and easy diagnostic methods such as pH of vaginal discharge, amine test and microscopic examination of wet mount preparation of normal saline and 10% KOH to 549 cases of randomly selected patients visiting Out-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Yeungnam University Hospital through May 1st to Sept. 31st, 1987, the following results were obtained. 1. In the Gardnerella vaginitis vaginal pH was more than 5.0 in 81.0% of total cases, positive amine test in 62.8%, decreased lactobacilli in 77.4% & decreased WBC counts in 70.1%, In the Trichomonas vaginitis vaginal pH more than 5.0 was noted in 93.3% of the cases, negative amine test in 90%, decreased showed vaginal pH of 3.0~4.0 in 83.2%, negative amine test in 90%, decreased lactobacilli in 90% & increased WBC counts in 93.3%, whereas Candida vaginitis and normal groups showed vaginal pH of 3.0~4.0 in 83.2%, negative amine test in 100%, normal distribution of lactobacilli in 89.7%, normal WBC counts in 72.4%. 2. The accuracy rates of physical diagnosis by wet mount preparation of normal saline and 10% KOH revealed 26.3%, 47.5%, 70.0% in Gardnerella vaginitis, Candida vaginitis, and Trichomonas vaginitis, respectively. The vaginal pH and amine test showed 83.2% of accuracy rate in Candida vaginitis group, 60.6% in Gardnerella vaginitis group and 83.3% in Trichomonas vaginitis group. 3. In 23 cases of Gardnerella vaginitis showing vaginal pH of 3.0 or 4.0 and positive amine test, the clue cells were observed in 10% or less in 12 cases, 30% in 5 cases, 50% in 4 cases and 50% or more in 2 cases. In summary vaginal pH and amine test could be useful in screening and differentiating the different types of infectious vaginitis. Furthermore by adding microscopic examination of normal saline and 10% KOH wet mount preparation to them, they not only could obtain higher diagnostic accuracy rate but would be more valuable in selecting the patients requiring cultures to confirm the diagnoses.
Candida ; Diagnosis ; Gardnerella ; Gardnerella vaginalis ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Mass Screening ; Obstetrics ; Outpatients ; Trichomonas ; Trichomonas Vaginitis ; Vagina ; Vaginal Discharge* ; Vaginitis*

We studied antisperm antibody by the use of the tray agglutination test in sera of 37 vasectomized males and 65 infertile males Antisperm antibody was found in 27 out of 37 vasectomized males (73%). Antibody titer was more than 1:32 in majority of the patients (25/27). The most common agglutination pattern was tail-to-tail agglutination (70.5 %). Antisperm antibody was found in 7 out of 17 obstructive azoospermia (41.2 %), and 3 out of 42 idiopathic infertility (7.1 %). But none was found in 6 patients with varicocele.
Agglutination ; Agglutination Tests ; Azoospermia ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Male* ; Varicocele ; Vasectomy

Bile* ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Peritonitis*