No abstract available.
Keratinocytes* ; Transplants*

Severe ankle sprain secondarily leads to chronic lateral ankle instability in 20-30%. Many surgical procedures have been presented for reconstruction of the lateral ankle instability, but controversy still remains for the ideal surgical option. Brostrom procedure or its modifications have been widely used but they have some limitations for the instabilities for the over-weight, physically high demanding patients and especially for significantly deficient or attenuated ligaments. Moreover the tenodesis procedures using peroneus brevis tendon are non-anatomical and sacrifice important lateral stabilizing tendon. Therefore recently, many reconstructive procedures for lateral ankle instability utilizing free allograft or autograft tendon have been introduced to anatomically stabilize the lateral ligaments to various degrees.
Animals ; Ankle ; Collateral Ligaments ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Sprains and Strains ; Tendons ; Tenodesis ; Transplantation, Homologous

PURPOSE: Bone bruises of patients with acute traumatic knee injuries, that are not found on simple radiograph, can be found on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the frequency and locations of bone bruises on MRI in acute traumatic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 and 19 MRls, in which acute traumatic ACL and PCL injury was pre sent and there was no abnormality in simple radiograph, were reviewed. MRI was taken within 51 days of injury. A bone bruise was determined as a geographic and nonlinear area of signal loss on T1 images and increased signal intensity on T2 images involving the subcortical bone. RESULTS: In 16 patients with bone bruises and acute ACL injury, bone bruises were found in the lateral compartment of the knee in 15 (93.8%) patients. The most common area was the lateral tibial plateau (11 cases, 68.8%) and the second was lateral femoral condyle (9 cases, 56.3%). In 5 patients with bone bruises and acute PCL injury, bone bruises were found in the lateral compartment of the knee in all 5 (100%) patients. The most common area was lateral tibial plateau (4 cases, 80%) and the second was lateral femoral condyle (2 cases, 40%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute traumatic ACL or PCL injuries the bone bruises are often found on the lateral compartment of the knee, especially lateral tibial plateau and lateral femoral condyle on MRI.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Contusions* ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Laryngeal*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpes virus which causes certain type of lymphoma and some epithelial neoplasm such as undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the role of EBV as a causative factor in other head and neck tumor especially, in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the prescence of EBV in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and clinicopathologic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 65 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were retrieved from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks and analyzed for EBV by immunohistochemical staining. Results : The EBV was detected in 26(40%) of the 65 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 2(10%) of the 20 control ases. In 26 cases of EBV-positive patients, 13(46.4%) cases were supraglottic cancer and 13(35.1%) cases were glottic cancer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EBV may possibly play an etiologic role in the pathogenesis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Head ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

PURPOSE: End-stage ankle arthritis is frequently combined with ankle-hindfoot deformity or ankle instability and therefore additional surgical procedures are often required when performing total ankle arthroplasty. We report the short term clinical and radiographic results of the total ankle arthroplasty with/without the combined adjunctive surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study is based on the 17 ankles (16 patients) of end-stage ankle arthritis that were treated with HINTEGRA(R)Total ankle prosthesis (Newdeal, Lyons, France) total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) from 2004 to 2007 with at least 12 months follow-up. The combined adjunctive procedures as well as the VAS pain score, AOFAS score, radiographic measurements and patient satisfactions were evaluated. RESULTS:Average follow-up period was 29 months (13~55 months) , and the age was average 62 years (39~75 years) old. Among total of 17 ankles, varus deformity and lateral ankle instability were found in 4 cases and 3 cases respectively. Twenty additional procedures such as Achilles triple hemisection (9), calcaneal displacement osteotomy (4) and lateral ankle ligament reconstruction (3) were performed in adjunct to TAA in 13 ankles. VAS pain score improved from preoperative average 8.4 (7~10) to 2.0 (0~5) and the AOFAS functional score improved from 41.8 points (13~71 points) to 90.6 (77~100 points) at final follow-up. Ninety-four percent of the patients were satisfied with the surgery. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that many adjunctive combined surgical procedures are often necessary in addressing the end-stage ankle arthritis (74%) with total ankle arthroplasty. We also achieved quite good clinical and radiographic short term results, although the long term follow-up study with larger number of cases are needed in the future.
Animals ; Ankle ; Arthritis ; Arthroplasty ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Osteotomy ; Prostheses and Implants

A cross-cultural comparison study of alcohol use disorder between Kangwha and Yanbian was conducted using the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The subjects of the two areas studied were all native Koreans but lived in different sociocultural environments. A significant difference in lifetime prevalence rate of alcohol abuse (Kangwha 16.48%, Yanbian 6.95%; p less than 0.05) and similarity of alcohol dependence (Kangwha 10.23%, Yanbian 11.50%; p less than 0.05) were found. Among a total of 21 items of alcoholic symptoms, 14 items showed significant differences in frequencies between the two areas. The authors have suggested that alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence are two different diagnostic categories in origin, alcohol abuse is more related to socio-cultural environment and alcohol dependence to biogenetic background. The authors have discussed the possible reasons for a higher prevalence rate of alcohol abuse in Kangwha compared to Yanbian.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcoholism/epidemiology/*ethnology/etiology ; Child ; China/epidemiology ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Female ; Human ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Prevalence

Stroke in young adults are not common and it is often hard to find their causes. We reviewed the medical records of 154 young adult patients aged 15-45 years who were admitted to the Seoul National Urliversity Hospital with a diagnosis of stroke between March 1989 and February 1991. These cases comprised 13.8% of 1115 patients of all ages admitted for stroke. The number of young adult patients with intracerebral hemorrhage was 47 (30.5%, N&154); the main causes were hypertension, arteriovenous malformation, and moyamoya disease. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was found in 25 young patients (l6.2%, N=154); the majority were due to aneurysms. The number of intraventricular hemorrhage cases was 17 (11.0%, N&154). The causes confirmed by angiography, were moyamoya disease in 7 cases and arteriovenous malformahon in 5 cases. The remaining 73 patients (47.4%, N&154) had cerebral infarction;the major causes were young-aged atherosclerosis (75.3%) and cardiogenic emboli (24.7%). Hypertension, history of transient ischemic attack, and hyperlipidemia were major risk factors of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. Among the cerebral infarction patients whose risk factors had not been found by conventional diagnostic methods (l6 patients), there were 5 patients in whom the presence of cardiac embolic sources could be demonstrated only by transesophageal echocardiography (left atrial thrombus in two patients; patent foramen ovale in two; and atrial septal aneurvsm in one patient). The total number of all tvpes of young adult stroke patients whose causes (or risk factors) were unable to be classified in detail was 24 (15.6%, N&154). The transesophageal echocardiography and the angiography, in many occasions, were helpful in detecting the causes of young adult stroke of which risk factors had been undetermined.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Atherosclerosis ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Medical Records ; Moyamoya Disease ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Stroke* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Thrombosis ; Young Adult*

Radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis is an intractable and dangerous condition. We describe a 59-year-old female patient with radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis. The patient underwent postoperative radiation therapy with a dose of 54 Gy in 30 fractions after a radical operation for a Klatskin tumor. Radiation volume included the gastric antrum. Approximately three months after radiation therapy, she was admitted for melena and anemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed an area of bleeding in the gastric antrum that was so diffuse that effective laser coagulation was not feasible. After failure of various treatments and transfusion of 7,040 mL of packed red blood cells, we successfully stopped the hemorrhage using oral prednisolone treatment. Based on this case, we think that oral prednisolone treatment can be tried as a first treatment for potentially life-threatening radiation-induced hemorrhagic gastritis.
Anemia ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Gastritis* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Klatskin's Tumor ; Laser Coagulation ; Melena ; Middle Aged ; Prednisolone* ; Pyloric Antrum

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the clinical and radiographic outcome of the severe hallux valgus corrected with proximal reverse chevron metatarsal osteotomy and Akin osteotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on 18 feet (15 patients) of severe hallux valgus (hallux valgus angle> or =40degrees or intermetatarsal angle> or =18degrees) treated with proximal reverse chevron metatarsal osteotomy and followed for more than 1 year. Akin osteotmy was added in 72% of the patients. Clinically preoperative and postoperative AOFAS Hallux Metatarsophalangeal - interphalangeal score, VAS pain score and satisfaction after the surgery were analyzed. Radiologically hallux valgus angle, hallux valgus interphalangeal angle, the intermetatarsal angle and sesamoid position before and after the operation were analyzed. RESULTS: AOFAS Hallux Metatarsophalangeal - interphalangeal score improved from 54.5 (25-78) to 87.7 (70-100) and VAS pain score decreased from 6.0 (3-8) to postoperative 1.2 (0-5). Ninety-six percents of the patients were satisfied with results. Radiologically hallux valgus angle was decreased from 43.3degrees(31-58degrees) preoperatively to 6.8degrees (-8-27degrees) postoperatively. The intermetatarsal angle was decreased from 18.4degrees(11-24degrees) preoperatively to 5.3degrees (1-12degrees) postoperatively. The sesamoid subluxation was improved from 2.8+/-0.4 preoperatively to 0.4+/-0.6 postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Proximal reverse chevron metatarsal osteotomy and lateral soft tissue release with additional Akin osteotomy is good treatment option for severe hallux valgus.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot ; Hallux ; Hallux Valgus ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteotomy