No abstract available.
Evidence-Based Practice ; Uncertainty ; Research Personnel ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Research

The routine of endoscopy in the evaluatien of gastrointestinal bleeding demonatratd that telangiectasia in the upper gastrointestinal tract may be responsible for the chronic recurrent bleeding. If the bleeding lesion within the reach of the endoscaiye, it is amenahle to endoscopic therapy, One of the several treatment modalities that has been employed is laser photocoagulation. We report a case of ef fective laser therapy in a 63-years old woman presented with a about 3 years history of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding and persistent iron deficieney anemia in gaatic multiple telangeictasias. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated variable sized multiple bleeding telangectatic lesions in the entire stomach. Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation was appligd in 0.5 seconds pulse of 60-70W power(2300 joules and total 7 sessions). All legions in the stomach were treated. Local epinephrine injection prior to laser treatment was carried out in the telangiectatie lesions greater than 1 cm. Follow-up endoscopy 5 months after laser treatment demonstrated no telangiectatic lesions in the stomach and no episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were noted and the other symptoms improved.
Anemia ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Iron ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Light Coagulation* ; Middle Aged ; Stomach ; Telangiectasis* ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

The routine of endoscopy in the evaluatien of gastrointestinal bleeding demonatratd that telangiectasia in the upper gastrointestinal tract may be responsible for the chronic recurrent bleeding. If the bleeding lesion within the reach of the endoscaiye, it is amenahle to endoscopic therapy, One of the several treatment modalities that has been employed is laser photocoagulation. We report a case of ef fective laser therapy in a 63-years old woman presented with a about 3 years history of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding and persistent iron deficieney anemia in gaatic multiple telangeictasias. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated variable sized multiple bleeding telangectatic lesions in the entire stomach. Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation was appligd in 0.5 seconds pulse of 60-70W power(2300 joules and total 7 sessions). All legions in the stomach were treated. Local epinephrine injection prior to laser treatment was carried out in the telangiectatie lesions greater than 1 cm. Follow-up endoscopy 5 months after laser treatment demonstrated no telangiectatic lesions in the stomach and no episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were noted and the other symptoms improved.
Anemia ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Iron ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Light Coagulation* ; Middle Aged ; Stomach ; Telangiectasis* ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Cardiomyopathies* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.

There is no single characteristic clinical or radiological feature to diagnose xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, so it makes accurate preoperative diagnosis difficult. In our case, the renal parenchyme of affected kidney was well preserved on excretory urogram. The abnormal finding was only a filling defect within the right upper pelvocalyceal system. Herein we report a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 18 years old girl which was confused with renal pelvic tumor.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous*

This is a retrospective clinical analysis of 156 patient with colorectal cancer who were surgically treated from January 1988 to June 1996 at the Department of Surgery, Seoul Adventist Hospital. The results are as follows: 1) The peak age incidence was in the 7th decade (31.4% of the cases), and the sex ratio of males to females was 1.03 : 1. 2) The most common location of the tumor was the rectum in 77 cases (49.4%); next were the sigmoid colon in 25 cases (16.0%) and the ascending colon in 25 cases (16.0%). 3) In the right colon, the most frequent symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, a palpable mass, weight loss; in the left colon and rectum, bloody tarry stool and bowel- habit change were the most common symptoms and signs. 4) The duration of the symptoms and signs prior to admission was most commonly less than 3 month (46.8% of the cases). 5) The diagnostic methods were digital rectal examination, sigmoidoscopy, colonofiberoscopy, barium enema, and abdominal CT. In two cases,an exploratory laparotomy was done. Also, 2.8 studies were done per patient. 6) The operations performed included an abdominoperineal resection in 36 cases (24.0%) and a right hemicolectomy (18.7%). The operability was 96.2%, and the total resectability was 79.5%. 7) The staging of the tumor was performed during the initial operation according to the Aster Coller classification and the TNM classification. Stages C2 (33.8%) and B2 (29.1%) and T3N0M0 were the most frequent stages in both classification. 8) The most common histologic type was an adenocarcinoma (96.8%). 9) The most common macroscopic finding was of the annular type (59.6%) 10) The most common distant metastasis sites were the pelvic organs and the liver. 11) The most frequent postoperative complication was wound infection (14.7%). The complication rate and perioperative mortality were 32.7% and 2%, respectively.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Barium ; Classification ; Colon ; Colon, Ascending ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Liver ; Male ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight Loss ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
MELAS Syndrome*

Statistics is the science of data. As the foundation of scientific knowledge, data refers to evidentiary facts from the nature of reality by human action, observation, or experiment. Clinicians should be aware of the conditions of good data to support the validity of clinical modalities in reading scientific articles, one of the resources to revise or update their clinical knowledge and skills. The cause-effect link between clinical modality and outcome is ascertained as pattern statistic. The uniformity of nature guarantees the recurrence of data as the basic scientific evidence. Variation statistics are examined for patterns of recurrence. This provides information on the probability of recurrence of the cause-effect phenomenon. Multiple causal factors of natural phenomenon need a counterproof of absence in terms of the control group. A pattern of relation between a causal factor and an effect becomes recognizable, and thus, should be estimated as relation statistic. The type and meaning of each relation statistic should be well-understood. A study regarding a sample from the population of wide variations require clinicians to be aware of error statistics due to random chance. Incomplete human sense, coarse measurement instrument, and preconceived idea as a hypothesis that tends to bias the research, which gives rise to the necessity of keen critical independent mind with regard to the reported data.
Aluminum Hydroxide ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Carbonates ; Humans ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND: Increased frequency of comminuted clavicle mid-shaft fractures and importance of functional satisfaction through early joint exercise has resulted in higher emphasis on surgical treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical radiological results of treatment of clavicle mid-shaft fractures by open reduction and internal fixation using a plate with a small incision. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 80 clavicle mid-shaft fracture cases treated with internal fixation using a plate from October 2010 to July 2014. Clavicle mid-shaft fractures were internally fixated using anatomical plates or locking compression plates. Achievement of bone union, union period, and clavicle length shortening were evaluated radiologically, and clinical assessment was done by using Constant and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) scores. RESULTS: All 80 cases were confirmed to have achieved bone union through radiographs with an average union period of 10.9 weeks (range: 7–18 weeks). The average clavicle length of shortening in the affected side was 1.8 mm (range: 0–17 mm). The average UCLA score and Constant score were 33.6 (range: 25–35) and 92.5 (range: 65–100), respectively. Regarding complications, four cases reported skin irritation by metal plates, and one case reported a screw insertion site fracture due to minor trauma history. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to induce successful bone union and obtain clinically satisfactory results in displaced mid-shaft fractures of the clavicle without major complications such as nonunion through treatment of internal fixation using a plate.
California ; Clavicle* ; Joints ; Skin