No abstract available.
Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis*

Subcutaneous granuloma annulare (SGA) is a rare, benign noninfectious histiocytic disease of unknown cause, characterized by necrobiosis of the connective tissue surrounded by infiltrates of histiocytes and lymphocytes. We report a case of SGA in a 49/12-year-old boy. The lesions were five nontender subcutaneous nodules in the parieto-occipital scalp, measuring 1.0 cm to 2.0 cm in diameter. Microscopical examination revealed variable stages of multiple necrobiotic areas, which showed central necrobiosis with palisading histiocytes, involving both the lower dermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue. Electron microscopic findings revealed many histiocytes in the necrobiotic areas with degenerating and necrotic collagen fibers as well as regenerating fibroblasts.

This study was performed to evaluate the titer of serum acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab), the correlation between AChR-Ab titer and clinical state, clinical response to thymectomy and histopathologic finding of thymus in myasthenia gravis. Twenty-seven patients with various clinical grades of myasthenia gravis and twenty-three norrnal controls were included in this study. Mean AChR-Ab titers were 4.21+4.27nM in myasthenia gravis and 0.05+0.06nM in control group(p<0.05). Mean AChR-Ab titers of each clinical grade were 0.80+1.67nM in grade I, 5.05+3.42nN in grade Iia, 8.37+4.50nM in grade Iib, 6.67nM in grade m and 10.89nM in grade IV. There were significant correlation between clinical grade and level of AChR-AB titer. There were no correlation between degree of clinical improvement and changes of serum AChR-Ab titer after thymectomy in myasthenia gravis. There were also no correlation between level of AChR-Ab titers and histopathologic findings of thymus.
Acetylcholine ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Thymectomy ; Thymus Gland

This study was performed to evaluate the titer of serum acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab), the correlation between AChR-Ab titer and clinical state, clinical response to thymectomy and histopathologic finding of thymus in myasthenia gravis. Twenty-seven patients with various clinical grades of myasthenia gravis and twenty-three norrnal controls were included in this study. Mean AChR-Ab titers were 4.21+4.27nM in myasthenia gravis and 0.05+0.06nM in control group(p<0.05). Mean AChR-Ab titers of each clinical grade were 0.80+1.67nM in grade I, 5.05+3.42nN in grade Iia, 8.37+4.50nM in grade Iib, 6.67nM in grade m and 10.89nM in grade IV. There were significant correlation between clinical grade and level of AChR-AB titer. There were no correlation between degree of clinical improvement and changes of serum AChR-Ab titer after thymectomy in myasthenia gravis. There were also no correlation between level of AChR-Ab titers and histopathologic findings of thymus.
Acetylcholine ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Thymectomy ; Thymus Gland

Residual dysplasia is common in spite of early treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip and often requires a harness or femoral/ acetabular surgery. Operative treatment is roughly divided into two categories: reconstructive and salvage; but the reconstruction such as re-directional osteotomy of the acetabulum should always be considered first. Operative treatment consists of osteotomy on femur or acetabulum, or both. Before the surgery, thorough evaluation of the patient is necessary to select appropriate operation. Avascular necrosis is one of the most catastrophic complications, which is often seen in delayed diagnosis or surgically treated patients.

In this article, the sixth author's affiliation was misprinted unintentionally.

Transarterial embolization is accepted as effective and safe for the acute management in hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic ring injury. However, transarterial embolization has potential complications, such as gluteal muscle/skin necrosis, deep infection, surgical wound breakdown, and internal organ infarction, which are caused by blocked blood flow to surrounding tissues and organs, and many studies on the complications have been reported. Here, we report an experience of the management of gluteal necrosis and infection that occurred after transarterial embolization, with a review of the relevant literature.
Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infarction ; Necrosis ; Surgical Wound Infection

Authors report the first autopsy case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Korea. The patient was a 26 years old Korean male who died of respiratory failure due to mixed pulmonary infections. He had history of homosexual contacts with partners of both domestic and foreign nationalities. Initial presentation was unexplained fever for two months. Serological test and western blot test for anti-HIV were positive and T-cell subset analysis revealed T3/T4/T8 to be 73/8/67%. Pulmonary tuberculosis with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and esophagonadal fistula and oral candidiasis were presented. Respiratory infection progressed gradually and he died seven months after the initial symptom. Autopsy findings were generalized severe lymphoid cell depletion, especially of T-cell population and mixed pulmonary infections with Pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus (CMV). The CMV infection involved lungs and adrenals. Oral candidiasis was also demonstrated.
AIDS-Related Complex/complications/diagnosis/pathology ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/*diagnosis/pathology ; Adult ; Autopsy ; Candidiasis/complications/diagnosis/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/complications/diagnosis/pathology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications/diagnosis/pathology

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome

PURPOSE: Medical treatment of Peyronie's disease with tamoxifen has been initially proposed as acting upon the early phase of the disease. As recent reports show no significant benefit of tamoxifen, we review the long term results of tamoxifen treatment of Peyronie's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time to progression during tamoxifen treatment of patients showing acute disease and chronic disease was compared. The acute phase was identified by pain during erection. Progression was defined as enlargement of plaque size or appearance of calcification. RESULTS: The average treatment duration was 15.9+/-13.8 months (range: 3 to 48 months). The median time to progression was 7 months for acute patients and 20 months for chronic patients. Eighty percent of patients in the acute phase showed relief of pain; however, overall progression was 72.1% (78.0% for acute, 66.7% for chronic). Patient history, comorbidities, serum testosterone or initial plaque characteristics, and severity of curvature were not predictive of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: Tamoxifen showed no significant benefit in slowing the progression of Peyronie's disease in the acute phase over the chronic phase. Peyronie's disease continued to progress, though at a dampened rate for patient's in the chronic phase.
Acute Disease ; Chronic Disease ; Comorbidity ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Induration ; Tamoxifen ; Testosterone