Objective To observe the efficacy of oxcarbazepine monotherapy on adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods Eighty-nine patients with TLE who were admitted to hospital from July 2011 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. They had underwent surgery. Depending on the postoperative treatment they were divided into oxcarbazepine group (46 patients) and carbamazepine group (43 patients) group. They were treated by oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine after operation. The efficacy and complication were compared. Results The patients in two groups were followed up for 1.5 years. According to Engel grade, the number ofⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲand Ⅳ grade in oxcarbazepine group was 29, 10, 5 and 2 patients, in carbamazepine group was 26, 9, 5 and 3 patients, and there was no significant difference (P>0.05). The rate of adverse effect in oxcarbazepine group was 6.5%(3/46), in carbamazepine group was 20.9%(9/43), and there was significant difference (P<0.05). At the end of follow-up, the scores of generic quality of life inventory (GQOLI-74) in oxcarbazepine group was (74.6 ± 2.9) scores, in carbamazepine group was (65.1 ± 3.2) scores, and there was significant difference (t=9.838, P=0.000). Conclusions The efficacy of oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine shows no significant difference in adult TLE.But oxcarbazepine monotherapy has fewer adverse effects and more security.

This paper described 8 patients in whom a spontaneeus renal subeapsular hematoma devel-oped.Two cases with systemic hypertension by the mechanism described by Page were observed.The diagnosis was confirmed by CT and ultrasound,and the patients were treated by means of the hematoma aspiration guided by uttrasound,8 cases were cured.The blood presure in 2 patients with Page's kidney was dropped to normal.No relapse was dernon,vtrated by follLw-up.Author reconlmend this treatment in such cases based on uhrasound and CT finding that rule OUt underlying pathological changes.

Description of a multi-perspective view of harmonious doctor-patient relationship holds that medical social workers as a key tie for building such a relationship.It proposed the medical social work strategies for such workers in the face of patients and their families,hospital staff,and hospital management.

Endometrial Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Retroperitoneal Space

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of thermal and mechanical cycling on the metal-ceramic bond strength of machine-milled Ti2448 alloy and commercial pure titanium (cp Ti).

METHODSCeramic-cp Ti (n = 30) specimens and ceramic-Ti2448 combinations (n = 30) were prepared in accordance with ISO 9693. The specimens from each metal-ceramic combination were randomly divided into three subgroups. In group A or the control group, the specimens were only stored in distilled water for 24 h at 37 °C; in groups B and C, the specimens were subjected to 3,000 cycles of thermal cycling between 5 and 55 °C for a dwell time of 60 s and to mechanical cycling of 20,000 or 40,000 cycles with 50 N load and 4 Hz in distilled water at 37 °C. A crack initiation test was performed using a universal testing machine in accordance with ISO 9693. Failure types at the metal-ceramic interface and the morphological and elemental composition of this interface were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer. Statistical analysis was performed via two-way ANOVA and Tukey's adjustment test (α = 0.05).

RESULTSThe bond strength of the ceramic-Ti2448 combination was significantly higher than that of the ceramic-cp Ti combination regardless of fatigue conditions (44.86 MPa ± 1.75 MPa and 29.21 MPa ± 2.20 MPa for Ti2448 and cp Ti, respectively; P < 0.01). The mean bond strengths of ceramic-cp Ti and ceramic-Ti2448 combinations in group C were significantly lower than that of group A (P < 0.01). Although ceramic-cp Ti combination failed adhesively at the metal-ceramic interface without the ceramic on the substrate surface, Ti2448 frameworks exhibited cohesive failure; as a result, large amounts of residual porcelain were retained on the specimens.

CONCLUSIONThe metal-ceramic bond strength of cp Ti and Ti2448 is decreased by thermal and mechanical cycling.

Ocular surface diseases are common diseases in ophthalmology.It is difficult for clinicians to make early and accurate diagnosis based on symptoms, signs and serologic examination.Compared with the blood test, the tear test can reflect the condition of the local ocular surface and it has the characteristics of being non-invasive, having high diagnostic accuracy and fast diagnostic speed.Tear detection uses modern detection techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gene chip and protein chip to detect the pathogen and immune components in tear, including microbial nucleic acid, tear antibody (IgM, IgG, IgE, IgA, antinuclear antibody, etc.) and cytokines (interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, interference factor, transforming growth factor, epidermal growth factor, etc.). Tear detection provides information about the pathogen infection and immune response on the ocular surface.At present, a large number of domestic and foreign tear detection studies show that there are certain regular changes in tear composition, not only in ocular surface diseases, uveitis, fundus diseases, thyroid related ophthalmopathy, but even in systemic diseases such as diabetes, hepatitis B, acquired immune deficiency syndrome etc.In addition, the research of tear pathogen and immune components is of great significance to study the cause, biochemical and immune process, treatment of diseases.In this paper, the latest research progress of tear collection, the clinical significance of tear pathogen and immune components and the characteristics of tear in various diseases was summarized and analyzed to provide reference for clinical practice.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of CT and MRI in the detection of arachnoid granulations located in cerebral venous sinuses. Methods: MRI were applied in 8 patients for detection of arachnoid granulations, 7 of them also underwent CT scan. All of the images were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 9 arachnoid granulations found in the 8 patients. 6 of them were located in transverse sinus while 3 in superior sagittal sinus. 7 arachnoid granulations were manifested low density in CT, 3 of them with calcification. All of 9 arachnoid granulations showed low signal in T1WI and high signal in T2WI of MRI. 7 of them showed low signal in Flair sequence, 4 showed mild or moderate enhancement and filling defect sign. Filling defect was seen in cerebral MRV in 4 cases. Conclusion: Both CT and MRI are reliable methods to verify arachnoid granulations, but MRI is more useful in identifying their relation with venous sinuses.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of imipenem and cilastatin sodium on the clinical efficacy of elderly patients with severe bacterial infection, and to observe the clearance rate to different floras.MethodsA total of 206 elderly patients with severe bacterial infection as the research object in our hospital outpatient treatment, were divided into control group and observation group, the patients were collected with sputum, blood and urine samples sent for bacterial culture.All patients were given positive treatment and nursing care, the observation group was given imipenem and cilastatin sodium treatment,the control group was given cefotaxime sodium treatment.The clinical efficacy, bacterial clearance and adverse reactions of the two groups were recorded and compared.ResultsThe total efficiency rate was 91.26% in the observation group, and 79.61% in the control group.The number of effective cases was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05), the number of ineffective cases was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05);The bacterial clearance rate was 85.71% in the observation group, and 43.33% in the control group, the clearance rate of Bauman Acinetobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05).Through the detection of adverse reactions showed that the observation group and the control group after treatment, few patients mild symptoms of nausea and vomiting and itching rash, on the occurrence of adverse reactions of the two groups of patients were compared, the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionFor elderly patients with severe bacterial infection with imipenem and cilastatin sodium for treatment, the effective rate is high and can timely remove a variety of pathogenic bacteria, and rare adverse reactions, high safety, worthy of clinical application.

According to the relative data of the patents awarded in the field of Chinese materia medica (CMM) announced by State Intellectual Property Office of P. R. China during 1998-2003, the amounts of CMM patents awarded with different types, compounds and active constituents, and service and non-service patents of CMM were compared and analysed. The amounts of inventive CMM patents have been more than that of the patents of utility model and design, the patents of CMM compound have greatly exceeded the patents of active constituent of CMM. Non-service patents of CMM has absolute predominance compared with the service patents. However, percentage of patents of active constituents and service patents of CMM are important targets to measure the creativity of CMM patents. This difference has reflected the present situation of CMM in China-lack of creativity. Based on the authentication of CMM creative patent, the cause of the above-mentioned situation has been analysized, and that our Patent Law should perfect the criterions of the CMM creative patent has been proposed so as to encourage the individuals and enterprises to advance the creativity of CMM in skills furtherly and strengthen the ability of protecting Intellectual Property Right and power of international competition for CMM.

The emergence of drug resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome is the major reason for antiviral treatments failure.To investigate the drug-resistance viral quasispecies in HIV-infected individuals and to find out the new drug resistance mutations have significant effects on directing effective clinical treatment and developing novel antiviral drugs.HIV drug resistance tests mainly include genotypic drug susceptibility assay and phenotypic drug susceptibility assay.We reviewed in this article some novel development in the field.